Espagne ifite ubuso bwa kilometero kare 505925. Iherereye mu gace ka Iberiya mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba bw'Uburayi. Irahana imbibi na Biscay mu majyaruguru, Porutugali mu burengerazuba, Maroc muri Afurika hakurya ya Strait ya Gibraltar mu majyepfo, Ubufaransa na Andorra mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba, n'Inyanja ya Mediterane mu burasirazuba no mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba. Inkombe z'inyanja zifite uburebure bwa kilometero 7.800. Ifasi ni imisozi kandi nikimwe mubihugu byimisozi miremire muburayi. 35% by'igihugu kiri hejuru ya metero 1.000 hejuru y’inyanja, naho ibibaya bingana na 11% gusa. Imisozi nyamukuru ni Cantabrian, Pyrenees nibindi. Impinga ya Mulasan mu majyepfo ni metero 3,478 hejuru y’inyanja, akaba ari yo mpinga ndende mu gihugu. Ikibaya cyo hagati gifite ikirere cy’umugabane, inkombe z’amajyaruguru n’amajyaruguru y’iburengerazuba zifite ikirere gishyuha cyo mu nyanja, naho amajyepfo n’amajyepfo y’iburasirazuba bifite ikirere gishyuha cya Mediterane.

Igihugu kigabanyijemo uturere 17 twigenga, intara 50, hamwe n’amakomine arenga 8000. Uturere 17 twigenga ni: Andalusiya, Aragon, Asturias, Balearique, Igihugu cya Basque, Canary, Cantabria, Castile-León, Castile -La Mancha, Cataloniya, Extremadura, Galiciya, Madrid, Murcia, Navarre, La Rioja na Valencia.

Abaselite bimukiye mu Burayi bwo hagati mu kinyejana cya 9 mbere ya Yesu. Kuva mu kinyejana cya 8 mbere ya Yesu, Igice cya Iberiya cyagabweho igitero n’abanyamahanga kandi kimaze igihe kinini kiyobowe n’Abaroma, Visigoths na Moors. Abesipanyoli barwanye igihe kirekire kurwanya ibitero by’amahanga.Mu 1492, batsinze "Recovery Movement" maze bashiraho ubwami bwa mbere bw’Uburayi bwunze ubumwe. Mu Kwakira k'uwo mwaka, Columbus yavumbuye Uburengerazuba. Kuva icyo gihe, Espagne yagiye ihinduka ingufu zo mu nyanja, hamwe n’abakoloni mu Burayi, Amerika, Afurika, na Aziya. Mu 1588, "Fleet Invincible Fleet" yatsinzwe n'Ubwongereza itangira kugabanuka. Mu 1873, havutse impinduramatwara ya burugumesitiri maze hashyirwaho Repubulika ya mbere. Ingoma yagaruwe mu Kuboza 1874. Mu ntambara yo mu Burengerazuba n'Abanyamerika yo mu 1898, yatsinzwe n'imbaraga zavutse, Amerika, itakaza ubukoloni bwa nyuma muri Amerika na Aziya-Pasifika-Cuba, Porto Rico, Guam na Philippines.

Espagne yakomeje kutagira aho ibogamiye mu Ntambara ya Mbere y'Isi Yose. Ingoma yahiritswe muri Mata 1931 maze hashyirwaho Repubulika ya kabiri. Muri Nyakanga muri uwo mwaka, Franco yatangiye kwigomeka, maze nyuma y'imyaka itatu y'intambara y'abenegihugu, afata ubutegetsi muri Mata 1939. Muri Gashyantare 1943, yagiranye amasezerano n’ingabo n’Ubudage kandi yitabira intambara yo kugaba ibitero kuri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti. Muri Nyakanga 1947, Franco yatangaje ko Espagne ari ingoma ya cyami, maze yiyita umukuru w'igihugu ubuzima bwe bwose. Muri Nyakanga 1966, Juan Carlos, umwuzukuru w'umwami uheruka Alfonso XIII, yagizwe umusimbura. Ugushyingo 1975, Franco yapfuye azize uburwayi, Juan Carlos wa I yimye ingoma maze asubizaho ubwami. Muri Nyakanga 1976, umwami yashyizeho A-Suarez wahoze ari umunyamabanga mukuru w’umutwe w’igihugu, aba minisitiri w’intebe maze atangira kwimukira muri demokarasi ishinga amategeko y’iburengerazuba.

Ibendera ry'igihugu: Ni urukiramende rufite igipimo cy'uburebure n'ubugari bwa 3: 2. Ubuso bwibendera bugizwe nurukiramende rutatu ruringaniye, impande zo hejuru nu hepfo ziratukura, buri kimwe gifite 1/4 cyubuso bwibendera; hagati ni umuhondo. Ikirangantego cy'igihugu cya Espagne gishushanyijeho ibumoso bw'igice cy'umuhondo. Umutuku n'umuhondo ni amabara gakondo akundwa nabanya Espagne kandi agereranya ubwami bune bwa kera bugize Espagne.

Espagne ituwe na miliyoni 42.717 (2003). Ahanini Abanyastiliyani (ni ukuvuga Abesipanyoli), amoko mato arimo Abataliyani, Basque n'Abagalika. Ururimi rwemewe nururimi rwigihugu ni Castilian, ni ukuvuga icyesipanyoli. Indimi nkeya nazo ni indimi zemewe mukarere. 96% by'abaturage bemera Gatolika.

Espagne nigihugu cyateye imbere munganda zinganda. Umusaruro rusange w’imbere mu 2006 wari miliyari 1081.229 USD, uza ku mwanya wa 9 ku isi, umuturage US $ 26.763. Ubuso bw'amashyamba ni hegitari 1179.2. Inzego nyamukuru zinganda zirimo kubaka ubwato, ibyuma, imodoka, sima, ubucukuzi bwamabuye y'agaciro, ubwubatsi, imyenda, imiti, uruhu, ingufu nizindi nganda. Inganda za serivisi ninkingi yingenzi yubukungu bwigihugu cyiburengerazuba, harimo umuco nuburezi, ubuzima, ubucuruzi, ubukerarugendo, ubushakashatsi bwa siyanse, ubwishingizi bw’imibereho, ubwikorezi, n’imari, muri byo ubukerarugendo n’imari byateye imbere cyane. Ubukerarugendo ni inkingi ikomeye y’ubukungu bw’iburengerazuba kandi ni imwe mu nkomoko y’ivunjisha. Ahantu nyaburanga hasurwa harimo Madrid, Barcelona, ​​Seville, Costa del Sol, Costa del Sol, n'ibindi.

Ikintu gishimishije: Izina ryemewe ryumunsi mukuru wa Bullfighting Espagne ngarukamwaka ni "San Fermin". San Fermin ni Pamplona, ​​umurwa mukuru wintara ikize ya Navarre mu majyaruguru yuburasirazuba bwa Espanye. Umurinzi mutagatifu wumujyi. Inkomoko yumunsi mukuru wo kurwanya ibimasa bifitanye isano itaziguye na gakondo yo muri Espanye. Bavuga ko byari bigoye cyane ko abaturage ba Pamplona batwara ibimasa 6 birebire biva mu kimasa byo mu nkengero z'umujyi bakajya gutotezwa mu mujyi. Mu kinyejana cya 17, bamwe mu bari aho bari bafite icyifuzo maze batinyuka kwiruka kuri cya kimasa, barakarira ikimasa maze bakagishuka mu kimasa. Nyuma, uyu mugenzo wahindutse ibirori byo kwiruka. Mu 1923, umwanditsi w'icyamamare w’umunyamerika Hemingway yaje i Pamplona kureba ku kimasa yiruka ku nshuro ya mbere maze yandika igitabo kizwi cyane "Izuba Rirashe". Mu gitabo cye, yasobanuye mu buryo burambuye ibirori byo kwiruka ku bimasa, bituma biba ibyamamare. Hemingway amaze gutsindira igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel cy’ubuvanganzo mu 1954, iserukiramuco rya Bull Riding ryo muri Espagne ryamenyekanye cyane. Mu rwego rwo gushimira Hemingway ku ruhare yagize mu Kwirukana Amapfizi, abaturage baho bamwubakiye igishusho ku irembo ry’amasasu.

Madrid: Umurwa mukuru wa Espagne, Madrid, ni umujyi uzwi cyane mu mateka mu Burayi. Iherereye hagati mu gace ka Iberiya, ku kibaya cya Meseta, ku butumburuke bwa metero 670, ni umurwa mukuru muremure mu Burayi. Mbere y'ikinyejana cya cumi na rimwe, cyari igihome cy'Abamore, kandi cyiswe "Magilit" mu bihe bya kera. Umwami Filipo wa II wa Espagne yimuye umurwa mukuru we hano mu 1561. Yateye imbere mu mujyi munini mu kinyejana cya cumi n'icyenda. Mu ntambara yo muri Espanye kuva 1936 kugeza 1939, kurwanira hano bizwi cyane bya Madrid.

Inyubako zigezweho zigezweho mumujyi hamwe ninyubako za kera zuburyo butandukanye zihagarara hamwe kandi zirabagirana. Amashyamba, ibyatsi n'amasoko atandukanye adasanzwe hamwe n'amasoko yometseho amashusho ya Nibelai, imana y'ibidukikije yubahwa n'abantu bo muri Aziya ya kera Ntoya, irashimishije cyane. Porta Alcala nziza cyane iherereye ku kibanza cyubwigenge ku muhanda wa Alcala.Ifite ibibuga 5 kandi ni imwe mu nyubako zizwi cyane za Madrid. Minisiteri y’Imari, Minisiteri y’Uburezi na banki nkuru za Espagne biherereye ku mpande zombi za Avenue ya Alcala.Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubugeni Bwiza ry’Ubwubatsi ryubatswe mu 1752, rikaba rifite ibihangano byakozwe n’abahanga mu buhanzi bwa Espagne nka Murillo na Goya. Urwibutso rwiza rwa Cervantes ruhagaze kuri Plaza de España.Hariho amashusho ya Don Quixote na Sanco Panza imbere y'urwibutso.Umurambo munini w'urwibutso ugaragarira muri pisine imbere, ufite ibiti bitoshye ku mpande zombi z'urwibutso; Ikirere cyo muri Esipanye kizwi ku izina rya "umunara wa Madrid" giherereye ku karubanda.

Barcelona ifite imiterere gakondo, yisi yose, Mediterane ninyanja yoroheje. Barcelona iherereye mu kibaya gitoya cy'imisozi ya Corricerolla. Iki kibaya kigenda gahoro gahoro kerekeza ku nkombe kuva ku misozi ya Korizerola, bikora ahantu heza. Umujyi mushya uherereye hagati yimisozi ibiri ya Tibi Babel na Montjuic, usibye kugumana umujyi ushaje mugihe cyo hagati kuruhande rumwe, umujyi mushya ufite inyubako zigezweho kurundi ruhande witwa agace ka Gothique. Hagati ya Plaza Catalunya, hamwe na katedrali nkikigo, hariho inyubako za Gothique zitabarika, kandi Las Ramblas irashimishije cyane. Restaurants zifunguye hamwe n'amaduka yindabyo byuzuyemo ibiti, kandi hariho abagabo nabagore benshi baza gutembera nimugoroba. Kubaka umujyi mushya byatangiye mu kinyejana cya 19, kandi inyubako zigezweho zitunganijwe neza ni ikimenyetso cyakarere.

Sagrada Familia ni inyubako idasanzwe muri Barcelona kandi ni igihangano cya Gaudí. Iri torero ryubatswe mu 1882, ariko ntirirangira kubera ibibazo by'amafaranga. Iyi nayo ni inyubako itavugwaho rumwe.Abantu bamwe baramusaze, abandi bakavuga ko minara ndende ndende imeze nkibisuguti bine. Ariko uko byagenda kose, abaturage ba Barcelona bamenye inyubako bahitamo kumukoresha kugirango bahagararire ishusho yabo.