Ilizwe lahlulwe langamacandelo angama-17 azimeleyo, amaphondo angama-50, nangaphezulu koomasipala abangama-8,000. Imimandla eli-17 ezimeleyo yile: Andalusia, Aragon, Asturias, Balearic, Country Basque, Canary, Cantabria, Castile-León, Castile -La Mancha, Catalonia, Extremadura, Galicia, Madrid, Murcia, Navarre, La Rioja naseValencia.

IiCelt zafudukela kuMbindi Yurophu ngenkulungwane ye-9 BC. Ukusukela kwinkulungwane ye-8 BC, I-Peninsula yase-Iberia yahlaselwa ngokulandelelana ngabantu bamanye amazwe kwaye kudala ilawulwa ngamaRoma, amaVisigoth kunye namaSilamsi. AbaseSpain balwa ixesha elide ngokuchasene nobundlongondlongo bamanye amazwe.Kwaye ngo-1492, baphumelela i "Recovery Movement" baseka ubukhosi bokuqala obumanyeneyo baseYurophu. Ngo-Okthobha kwakuloo nyaka, uColumbus wafumanisa iWest Indies. Ukusukela ngoko, iSpain ngokuthe ngcembe yaba ligunya laselwandle, kunye namathanga eYurophu, eUnited States, eAfrika nase Asia. Ngo-1588, "i-Invincible Fleet" yoyiswa yi-Bhritane kwaye yaqala ukwehla. Ngo-1873, kwaqhambuka uguquko koohlohlesakhe kwaye kwasekwa iRiphabhlikhi yokuqala. Ubukhosi babuyiselwa ngoDisemba 1874. Kwimfazwe yaseNtshona-Melika yowe-1898, yoyiswa ngamandla asakhasayo, i-United States, yaza yaphulukana neenkoloni ezimbalwa zokugqibela eMelika naseAsia-Pacific-Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam nasePhilippines. ISpain yahlala ingathathi cala ngexesha leMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala. Ubukhosi babhukuqwa ngo-Epreli 1931 kwaza kwasekwa iRiphabhlikhi yesibini. NgoJulayi wakulo nyaka, uFranco waqalisa imvukelo, kwaye emva kweminyaka emithathu yemfazwe yamakhaya, wathimba ulawulo ngo-Epreli 1939. NgoFebruwari 1943, yaqukumbela umanyano lomkhosi neJamani kwaye yathatha inxaxheba kumlo wobundlongondlongo ngokuchasene neSoviet Union. NgoJulayi 1947, uFranco wabhengeza iSpain njengobukhosi, kwaye wazimisela njengentloko yelizwe ubomi. NgoJulayi 1966, uJuan Carlos, umzukulwana wokumkani wokugqibela u-Alfonso XIII, wamiselwa njengelandela lakhe. Ngo-Novemba u-1975, uFranco wasweleka ngokugula kwaye uJuan Carlos I wenyuka esihlalweni sakhe wabuyisela ubukhosi. NgoJulayi 1976, inkosi yonyula uA-Suarez, owayengusosiba-jikelele woMbutho weSizwe, njengenkulumbuso kwaye waqalisa utshintsho kwidemokhrasi yaseNtshona.

Iflegi yesizwe: Yixande kunye nomyinge wobude kububanzi be-3: 2. Umphezulu weflegi unezangqa ezilinganayo ezintathu ezingqameneyo.Amacala aphezulu nasezantsi abomvu, ngalinye lithatha i-1/4 yomgangatho weflegi; umbindi umthubi. Umqondiso welizwe laseSpain upeyintwe kwicala lasekhohlo lendawo emthubi. Olubomvu nomthubi yimibala yemveli ethandwa ngabantu baseSpain kwaye imele izikumkani ezine zamandulo ezenza iSpain.

ISpain inabemi abazizigidi ezingama-42.717 (2003). Ngokukodwa iiCastilians (okt amaSpanish), ubuhlanga obuncinci buquka amaCatalan, amaBasque kunye namaGalician. Ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni nolwimi lwesizwe sisiCastilian, Oko kukuthi, iSpanish. Iilwimi ezincinci ziziilwimi ezisemthethweni kwingingqi. Ama-96% abahlali bakholelwa kubuKatolika.

ISpain lilizwe eliphambili eliphambili kwilizwe loshishino. Imveliso epheleleyo yasekhaya ngonyaka ka-2006 yayiyi-US $ 1081.229 yezigidigidi, ikwisikhundla se-9 emhlabeni, nge-US $ 26,763 nganye. Indawo yehlathi iyonke ziihektare ezili-1179.2. Amacandelo aphambili emizi-mveliso abandakanya ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa, intsimbi, iimoto, isamente, ezemigodi, ulwakhiwo, amalaphu, iikhemikhali, ulusu, amandla kunye namanye amashishini. Icandelo lenkonzo liyintsika ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwesizwe lwentshona, kubandakanya inkcubeko kunye nemfundo, ezempilo, ezorhwebo, ukhenketho, uphando lwezenzululwazi, i-inshurensi yezentlalo, ezothutho, kunye nezemali, phakathi kwazo ezokhenketho nezemali ziphuhlisiwe ngakumbi. Ezokhenketho yintsika ebalulekileyo yoqoqosho lwaseNtshona kwaye yenye yezona zinto zingumthombo wotshintshiselwano lwangaphandle. Iindawo zabakhenkethi ezidumileyo zibandakanya iMadrid, iBarcelona, ​​iSeville, iCosta del Sol, iCosta del Sol, njl.

Inyaniso eyonwabisayo: Igama elisemthethweni leSpain's Bullfighting Festival ngu "San Fermin". ISan Fermin yiPamplona, ​​ikomkhulu lephondo laseNavarre elisisityebi kumantla mpuma eSpain. Ingcwele yomxhasi yesixeko. Imvelaphi yomnyhadala wokulwa neenkunzi zihambelana ngqo nesiko lokulwa iinkunzi zaseSpain. Kuthiwa kwakunzima kakhulu kubantu basePamplona ukuqhuba iinkunzi zeenkomo ezinde ezintandathu ukusuka kwiinkunzi zenkomo ngaphandle kwedolophu ukuya kwiinkunzi zenkomo esixekweni. Ngenkulungwane ye-17, abanye ababemi apho babenomdla kwaye baba nesibindi sokubalekela inkunzi yenkomo, bayicaphukise inkunzi yenkomo kwaye bayirhwebeshele kuyo inkunzi yenkomo. Emva kwexesha, eli siko laguquka laba ngumnyhadala wenkunzi. Ngomnyaka ka 1923, umbhali odumileyo wase Melika uHemingway weza ePamplona ezokubukela inkunzi yenkomo ibaleka okokuqala wabhala inoveli eyaziwayo ethi "Ilanga Liyaphakama" .Ucacise ukubaleka kweenkomo ngokweenkcukacha emsebenzini wakhe, nto leyo eyenze yaduma. Emva kokuba uHemingway ephumelele uNobel Prize kuLwazi ngo-1954, iSpanish Bull Riding Festival yade yaduma. Ngenjongo yokubulela iHemingway ngegalelo lakhe ekubalekeni kweenkomo, abahlali balapha bammisela umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kwisango lenkunzi yenkomo.

IMadrid: Idolophu enkulu yaseSpain, iMadrid, sisixeko esidumileyo sembali eYurophu. Ifumaneka embindini woSingasiqithi weIberia, kwiMeteta Plateau, ekuphakameni kweemitha ezingama-670, yeyona dolophu iphambili eYurophu. Phambi kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinanye, yayiyinqaba yamaMoor, kwaye yayibizwa ngokuba yi "Magilit" kumaxesha amandulo. UKumkani uPhilip II waseSpain wafudusela ikomkhulu lakhe apha ngo-1561. Yakhula yaba sisixeko esikhulu ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. Ngexesha leMfazwe yamakhaya yaseSpain ukusukela ngo-1936 ukuya ku-1939, ukhuselo oludumileyo lweMadrid lwalwa apha.

Izakhiwo zanamhlanje eziphakamileyo eziphakamileyo esixekweni kunye nezakhiwo zakudala zezitayile ezahlukeneyo zime ecaleni kwaye zikhanye komnye nomnye. Iinkuni, ingca, nazo zonke iintlobo zemithombo eyahlukileyo nomthombo onomfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaNibelai, uthixokazi wendalo ohlonitshwayo ngabantu bamandulo baseAsia Minor, zezona zinomdla kakhulu. IPorta Alcala ebabazekayo ibekwe kwibala elizimeleyo kwisitalato iAlcala.Ineengqameko ezi-5 kwaye sesinye sezakhiwo zakudala ezaziwayo eMadrid. ICandelo loMphathiswa Wezimali, Icandelo loMphathiswa Wezemfundo kunye neebhanki eziphambili zaseSpain zibekwe kumacala omabini eAlcala Avenue.IRoyal Academy yoBugcisa, eyakhiwe ngo-1752, izindlu zobungcweti zeenkosi zobugcisa zaseSpain ezifana noMurillo noGoya. Isikhumbuzo esihle seCervantes simi ePlaza de España.Kukho imifanekiso eqingqiweyo kaDon Quixote noSanco Panza phambi kwesikhumbuzo.Umzimba omkhulu wesikhumbuzo ubonakalisiwe echibini elingaphambili, elinemithi echumayo kumacala omabini esikhumbuzo; I-skyscraper yaseSpain eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Madrid tower" imi ecaleni kwesikwere.

I-Barcelona: I-Barcelona likomkhulu lommandla ozimeleyo we-Catalonia kumantla mpuma eSpain. Imida iFrance emantla kunye noLwandle lweMeditera kumazantsi mpuma.Yizibuko lesibini ngobukhulu kwiMeditera kunye nezibuko lesibini ngobukhulu eSpain emva kweMadrid. isixeko esikhulu sesibini.

I-Barcelona inemveli yemveli, iphela, iMeditera kunye neempawu zemozulu ezinobumnene. I-Barcelona imi kwithafa elisithambeka kancinane kwiiNtaba zeCorricerolla. Eli thafa lisiya ngokuthe ngcembe lisiya elunxwemeni ukusuka kwiiNtaba zeKorizerola, liyila indawo enomtsalane. Ifunyanwa phakathi kweenduli ezimbini zeTibi Babel neMontjuic, ukongeza ekugcineni isixeko esidala kumaXesha Aphakathi kwelinye icala, isixeko esitsha esinezakhiwo zale mihla kwelinye icala kuthiwa yindawo yeGothic. Phakathi kwePlaza Catalunya, kunye ne-cathedral njengeziko, kukho izakhiwo ezingenakubalwa ze-Gothic, kwaye iLas Ramblas inomdla kakhulu. Iindawo zokutyela ezivulekileyo kunye neevenkile zeentyatyambo zizaliswe yimithi, kwaye kukho amadoda nabafazi abaninzi abaza kuhamba ebusuku. Ukwakhiwa kwendawo entsha yasezidolophini kwaqala ngenkulungwane ye-19, kwaye izakhiwo zala maxesha ezilungiswe kakuhle ziluphawu lwale ndawo.

I-Sagrada Familia sisakhiwo esibalulekileyo e-Barcelona kunye nomsebenzi wobugcisa waseGaudí. Icawe yakhiwa ngo-1882, kodwa ayikagqitywa ngenxa yeengxaki zemali. Esi sisakhiwo esinempikiswano enkulu.Abanye abantu bayaphambana ngaye, kwaye abanye bathi iimina ezine eziphakamileyo zifana nebhiskiti ezine. Kodwa ke, abantu baseBarcelona bayasiqonda isakhiwo kwaye bakhetha ukumsebenzisa ukumela umfanekiso wabo.