Sri Lanka, izwi cyane nka Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi Iharanira Demokarasi ya Sri Lanka, ifite ubuso bwa kilometero kare 65610. Iherereye mu majyepfo ya Aziya, ni igihugu cyirwa kiri mu nyanja y’Ubuhinde ku mpera y’amajyepfo y’umugabane wa Aziya yepfo. Ifite ibyiza nyaburanga kandi izwi ku izina rya "isaro ry’inyanja y'Ubuhinde", "igihugu cy'amabuye y'agaciro" n "" igihugu cy'intare. " Mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba, ireba igice cy'Ubuhinde hakurya ya Pauk. Hafi ya ekwateri, ni nk'impeshyi umwaka wose, hamwe n'ubushyuhe buri mwaka bwa 28 ° C. Impuzandengo yimvura yumwaka iratandukanye kuva 1283 kugeza kuri 3321 mm.

Igihugu kigabanyijemo intara 9: Intara y'Iburengerazuba, Intara yo Hagati, Intara y'Amajyepfo, Intara y'Amajyaruguru y'Uburengerazuba, Intara y'Amajyaruguru, Intara y'Amajyaruguru, Intara y'Iburasirazuba, Intara ya Uva n'Intara ya Sabala Gamuwa; 25 ntara.

hashize imyaka 2500, abanya Aryans baturutse mu Buhinde bw’amajyaruguru bimukiye i Ceylon bashinga ingoma ya Sinhalese. Mu 247 mbere ya Yesu, Umwami Ashoka w’ingoma ya Maurya y’Ubuhinde yohereje umuhungu we kuri icyo kirwa kugira ngo ateze imbere idini ry’Ababuda kandi yakirwa n’umwami waho. Kuva icyo gihe, Abanyasinhale baretse Brahmanism bahinduka Ababuda. Ahagana mu kinyejana cya 2 mbere ya Yesu, Tamil yo mu Buhinde bw'Amajyepfo nayo yatangiye kwimuka no gutura muri Ceylon. Kuva mu kinyejana cya 5 kugeza mu kinyejana cya 16, habaye intambara zihoraho hagati y'Ubwami bwa Sinhala n'Ubwami bwa Tamil. Kuva mu kinyejana cya 16, yategekwaga n'Abanyaportigale n'Abaholandi. Yabaye ubukoloni bw'Abongereza mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 18. Ubwigenge ku ya 4 Gashyantare 1948, bwabaye ubwiganze bwa Commonwealth. Ku ya 22 Gicurasi 1972, hatangajwe ko izina rya Ceylon ryahinduwe muri Repubulika ya Sri Lanka. "Sri Lanka" nizina rya kera rya Sinhala ryizinga rya Ceylon, risobanura igihugu cyiza kandi gikungahaye. Iki gihugu cyiswe Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi Iharanira Demokarasi ya Sri Lanka ku ya 16 Kanama 1978, kandi n'ubu kiracyari umunyamuryango wa Commonwealth.

Ibendera ryigihugu: Ni urukiramende rutambitse rufite igipimo cy'uburebure n'ubugari bwa 2: 1. Umupaka wumuhondo uzengurutse ibendera hejuru yumurongo wumuhondo uhagaritse kuruhande rwibumoso bwikadiri ugabanye ibendera ryose hejuru yibumoso n'iburyo. Imbere yikadiri yibumoso hari urukiramende rwibiri rwicyatsi kibisi nicunga; iburyo ni urukiramende rwijimye, hagati hari intare yumuhondo ifashe inkota, kandi buri mfuruka yurukiramende ifite ikibabi cya linden. Brown ahagarariye ubwoko bwa Sinhala, bingana na 72% byabaturage bigihugu; orange nicyatsi kigereranya amoko mato; naho umupaka wumuhondo ugereranya abantu bakurikirana umucyo nibyishimo. Amababi ya Bodhi agaragaza ko yemera idini ry'Ababuda, kandi imiterere yaryo isa n'imiterere y'igihugu; imiterere y'intare iranga izina rya kera ry'igihugu "Igihugu cy'Intare" kandi inagaragaza imbaraga n'ubutwari.

Sri Lanka ituwe na miliyoni 19.01 (Mata 2005). Abanya Sinhale bangana na 81.9%, Abanya Tamil 9.5%, Abamor 8,0%, nabandi 0,6%. Sinhala na Tamil ni ururimi rwemewe n’ururimi rwigihugu, kandi icyongereza gikoreshwa cyane murwego rwo hejuru. 76.7% by'abaturage bemera idini ry'Ababuda, 7.9% bemera idini ry'Abahindu, 8.5% bemera Islam, naho 6.9% bemera Ubukristo.

Sri Lanka ni igihugu cy’ubuhinzi cyiganjemo ubukungu bw’ibihingwa, gikungahaye ku burobyi, amashyamba n’umutungo w’amazi. Icyayi, reberi na cocout ninkingi eshatu zinjiza ubukungu bwigihugu cya Sri Lanka. Amabuye y'agaciro yibanze muri Sri Lanka arimo grafite, amabuye y'agaciro, ilmenite, zircon, mika, n'ibindi. Muri byo, umusaruro wa grafite uri ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi, kandi amabuye y'agaciro ya Lanka azwi cyane ku isi. Inganda za Sri Lanka zirimo imyenda, imyambaro, uruhu, ibiryo, ibinyobwa, itabi, impapuro, ibiti, imiti, gutunganya peteroli, reberi, gutunganya ibyuma, no guteranya imashini.Benshi muri bo bibanze mu gace ka Colombo. Ibicuruzwa nyamukuru byoherezwa mu mahanga ni imyenda, imyambaro, icyayi, reberi, cocout n'ibikomoka kuri peteroli. Byongeye kandi, ubukerarugendo nabwo ni igice cy’ingenzi mu bukungu bwa Sri Lanka, bwinjiza miliyoni amagana y’amadolari y’amahanga mu gihugu buri mwaka.

Colombo: Colombo, umurwa mukuru wa Sri Lanka, iherereye ku nkombe z’amajyepfo ashyira uburengerazuba bwa Sri Lanka. Azwi ku izina rya "Ihuriro ry’iburasirazuba". Kuva mu gihe cyo hagati, aha hantu ni kimwe mu byambu by’ubucuruzi by’ingenzi ku isi, kandi amabuye y'agaciro azwi cyane ya Lanka ku isi yoherezwa mu mahanga ubudahwema kuva hano. Ifite ikirere gishyuha gishyuha hamwe n'ubushyuhe buri mwaka bwa 28 ° C. Ifite abaturage miliyoni 2.234 (2001).

Colombo bisobanura "ijuru ryinyanja" mururimi rwa Sinhari. Nko mu kinyejana cya 8 nyuma ya Yesu, abacuruzi b'Abarabu bari basanzwe bakora ubucuruzi hano. Mu kinyejana cya 12, Colombo yari yatangiye gushingwa kandi yitwa Kalambu. Kuva mu kinyejana cya 16, Colombo yagiye yigarurirwa na Porutugali, Ubuholandi n'Abongereza. Kubera ko Colombo iherereye hagati y’Uburayi, Ubuhinde n’Uburasirazuba bwa kure, amato anyura muri Oseyaniya yerekeza mu Burayi agomba kunyura hano, bityo, Colombo yagiye itera imbere ihinduka icyambu kinini cy’amato mpuzamahanga y’ubucuruzi. Muri icyo gihe, icyayi cya Sri Lanka gikorerwa mu gihugu imbere, icyayi, reberi, na cocout na byo byoherezwa hano mu bihugu by’amahanga hakoreshejwe ibihe byiza.

Colombo numujyi mwiza ufite imijyi itoshye hamwe nikirere cyiza. Nyuma yumujyi wubatswe neza, imihanda ni ngari kandi ifite isuku, kandi inyubako zubucuruzi zirazamuka mubicu. Umuhanda munini wumujyi, Gaoer Avenue, ni inzira igororotse kuva mu majyaruguru ugana mu majyepfo kugera mu mujyi wa Gaoer, uri ku birometero birenga 100. Ibiti bya cocout kumpande zumuhanda byuzuyemo ibiti, kandi igicucu cyibiti kirazunguruka. Muri uyu mujyi hari amoko menshi atuye, harimo Sinhala, Tamil, Moorish, Umuhinde, Berger, Indo-Burayi, Maleziya n'Uburayi.