Iminyaka engama-2500 eyadlulayo, ama-Aryan avela eMantla eIndiya afudukela eCeylon kwaye amisela iSinhalese Dynasty. Ngo-247 BC, uKumkani u-Ashoka waseMaurya Dynasty e-India wathumela unyana wakhe esiqithini ukuya kukhuthaza ubuBuddha kwaye wamkelwa ngukumkani wasekuhlaleni. Ukusukela ngoko, amaSinhalese abushiya ubu-Brahmanism waguqukela kwinkolo yobu-Buddha. Malunga nenkulungwane yesibini ye-BC, iiTamil zaseMzantsi India zaqala ukufuduka zaya kuhlala eCeylon. Ukusuka kwi-5th century ukuya kwi-16th century, kwakusiliwa rhoqo phakathi kwe-Sinhala Kingdom kunye ne-Tamil Kingdom. Ukususela kwinkulungwane ye-16, yayilawulwa ngamaPhuthukezi kunye namaDatshi. Yaba yithanga laseBritane ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-18. Inkululeko ngoFebruwari 4, 1948, yaba ligunya le-Commonwealth. Ngomhla we-22 kaMeyi, ngo-1972, kwabhengezwa ukuba igama leCeylon latshintshelwa kwiRiphabhlikhi yaseSri Lanka. "ISri Lanka" ligama lakudala lesiSinhala leCeylon Island, elithetha umhlaba oqaqambileyo notyebileyo. Eli lizwe labizwa ngokuba yiDemocratic Socialist Republic yaseSri Lanka ngo-Agasti 16, 1978, kwaye iselilungu le-Commonwealth.

Iflegi yesizwe: Ngxande oxwesileyo enomlinganiso wobude kububanzi obumalunga ne-2: 1. Umda otyheli ojikeleze umphezulu weflegi kunye nemigca emthubi nkqo kwicala lasekhohlo lesakhelo yahlula umhlaba wonke weflegi kwisakhelo sesakhiwo sasekhohlo nasekunene. Ngaphakathi kwesakhelo sasekhohlo zii-rectangles ezime nkqo eziluhlaza kunye neorenji; ngasekunene kukho uxande omdaka, phakathi yingonyama etyheli ephethe ikrele, kwaye ikona nganye yoxande inegqabi le-linden. UBrown umele uhlanga lweSinhala, lubala i-72% yabemi besizwe; iorenji kunye nohlaza bumela ubuhlanga obuncinci; kwaye umda otyheli ufuzisela ukufuna kwabantu ukukhanya kunye nolonwabo. Amagqabi eBodhi abonisa inkolelo kwiBuddhism, kwaye ukumila kwawo kuyafana nolwandlalo lwelizwe; ipateni yengonyama iphawula igama lakudala lelizwe "Ilizwe leNgonyama" kwaye ikwabonisa ukomelela nobukroti.

ISri Lanka inabemi abazizigidi ezili-19.01 (Epreli 2005). ISinhalese yenza i-81.9%, abantu baseTamil i-9.5%, abantu be-Moor i-8.0%, kwaye abanye i-0.6%. ISinhala nesiTamil zombini lulwimi olusemthethweni kunye nolwimi lwesizwe, kwaye isiNgesi siqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiklasi ephezulu. Abahlali abangama-76.7% bakholelwa kwi-Buddhism, i-7.9% bakholelwa kwi-Hinduism, i-8.5% bakholelwa kwi-Islam, kwaye i-6.9% bakholelwa kubuKristu.

ISri Lanka lilizwe lezolimo elilawulwa kuqoqosho lwezityalo, isityebi kwezokuloba, amahlathi kunye nezixhobo zamanzi. Iti, irabha kunye nekhokhonathi ziintsika ezintathu zengeniso yoqoqosho lwesizwe eSri Lanka. Ezona dipozithi ziphambili eSri Lanka zibandakanya iigrafayithi, amatye anqabileyo, ilmenite, zircon, mica, njl. Phakathi kwazo, ukuphuma kwegrafiti kuqala emhlabeni, kunye namatye anqabileyo eLanka anandipha udumo kwihlabathi. Imizi-mveliso yaseSri Lanka ibandakanya amalaphu, iimpahla, ufele, ukutya, iziselo, icuba, iphepha, iinkuni, imichiza, ukuveliswa kwepetroleum, irabha, ukwenziwa kwesinyithi, kunye nokudibana koomatshini. Uninzi lwazo lujolise kwindawo yaseColombo. Izinto eziphambili ezithengiswa kumazwe angaphandle zizinto ezilukiweyo, iimpahla, iti, irabha, ikhokhonathi kunye neemveliso zepetroleum. Ukongeza, ukhenketho lukwayinxalenye ebalulekileyo yoqoqosho lwaseSri Lanka, luvelisa amakhulu ezigidi zeedola kutshintshiselwano lwangaphandle kweli lizwe minyaka le.

IColombo: IColombo, ikomkhulu laseSri Lanka, ibekwe kunxweme olunabantu abaninzi kumazantsi-ntshona eSri Lanka. Iyaziwa ngokuba yi "Crossroads of the East". Ukusukela kumaXesha Aphakathi, le ndawo ibilelinye lamazibuko orhwebo abaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni, kwaye amatye anqabileyo eLanka emhlabeni athunyelwe ngokuqhubekayo ukusuka apha. Inemozulu yemozulu yetropiki enobushushu obuphakathi bonyaka obungu-28 ° C. Inabemi abazizigidi ezi-2.234 (2001).

IColombo ithetha "izulu lolwandle" kulwimi lwasekhaya lweSinhari. Kwasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-8 AD, abarhwebi baseArabhu babesele besenza ushishino apha.Kwinkulungwane ye-12, iColombo yayiqale ukubonakala kwaye yabizwa ngokuba yiKalambu. Ukusukela kwinkulungwane ye-16th, iColombo yalandelwa ngokulandelelana yiPortugal, iNetherlands kunye neBritane. Njengoko iColombo imi phakathi kweYurophu, i-Indiya kunye neMpuma Ekude, ukugqithisa iinqanawa ezisuka e-Oceania zisiya eYurophu kufuneka zidlule apha, ke, iColombo ikhule ngokuthe ngcembe yaba lizibuko elikhulu leenqanawa zabarhwebi bamanye amazwe. Kwangelo xesha, iti, irabha kunye neecoconut eziveliswa ekhaya zithunyelwa zivela kumazwe aphesheya zisebenzisa iimeko zendalo ezigqwesileyo.

IColombo sisixeko esihle esineendawo ezintle zasedolophini kunye nemozulu entle. Emva kwendawo eyakhiwe kakuhle yasezidolophini, izitrato zibanzi kwaye zicocekile, kwaye izakhiwo zorhwebo zixhome esibhakabhakeni. Isitalato i-Gao'er, esona sitrato siphambili sedolophu, yindlela ethe tye ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi kwisixeko saseGao'er, esikumgama ongaphezulu kweekhilomitha ezili-100. Imithi yekhokhonathi kumacala omabini endlela igcwele imithi, kwaye izithunzi zemithi ziyajikeleza. Zininzi iintlanga ezihlala esixekweni, kubandakanya iSinhala, isiTamil, amaMoor, amaNdiya, iBerger, i-Indo-European, iMalay kunye neYurophu.