Swiden Ulwazi olusisiseko
Ixesha lendawo | Ixesha lakho |
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Indawo yexesha lendawo | Umahluko wendawo yexesha |
UTC/GMT +1 yure |
ububanzi / ubude |
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62°11'59"N / 17°38'14"E |
ikhowudi ye-iso |
SE / SWE |
imali |
Iceland (SEK) |
Ulwimi |
Swedish (official) small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities |
umbane |
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iflegi yesizwe |
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ikomkhulu |
Stockholm |
Uluhlu lweebhanki |
Swiden Uluhlu lweebhanki |
Inani labemi |
9,555,893 |
indawo |
449,964 KM2 |
GDP (USD) |
552,000,000,000 |
ifowuni |
4,321,000 |
Imfonomfono |
11,643,000 |
Inani lemikhosi ye-Intanethi |
5,978,000 |
Inani labasebenzisi be-Intanethi |
8,398,000 |
Swiden intshayelelo
ISweden ikwindawo esempuma yeScandinavia eMantla Yurophu, ngakwimida yeFinland kumantla mpuma, eNorway ngasentshona nasemantla ntshona, uLwandle lweBaltic empuma kunye noLwandle loMntla kumazantsi mpuma. Iithambeka zomhlaba ukusuka emantla ntshona mpuma, kunye neNordland Plateau emantla, kunye namathafa okanye iinduli emazantsi nakwiindawo eziselunxwemeni. Maninzi amachibi, amalunga nama-92 000. ILake Vänern enkulu ikwindawo yesithathu eYurophu. Malunga ne-15% yomhlaba use-Arctic Circle, kodwa buchaphazeleka ngumsinga weAtlantic ofudumeleyo, ubusika abubandi kakhulu.Iindawo ezininzi zinemozulu epholileyo yehlathi le-coniferous, kwaye elona candelo lisemazantsi yimozulu yamahlathi ebanzi evulekileyo. ISweden, igama elipheleleyo loBukumkani baseSweden, ikwindawo esempuma yeScandinavia eMantla Yurophu. Umda umda weFinland ukuya emantla mpuma, iNorway ngasentshona nasemantla ntshona, uLwandle lweBaltic empuma kunye noLwandle loMntla kumzantsi-ntshona. Iithambeka zomhlaba ukusuka emantla ntshona mpuma. Inxalenye esemantla yiNordland Plateau, eyona ncopho iphakamileyo elizweni, iKebne Kesai, ziimitha ezingama-2123 ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle, kwaye iindawo ezisemazantsi neziselunxwemeni ubukhulu becala ngamathafa okanye iinduli. Eyona milambo iphambili yiJota, Dal kunye ne-Ongeman. Kukho amachibi amaninzi, malunga nama-92,000. Elona chibi likhulu le-Vänern ligubungela ummandla weekhilomitha ezingama-5585, ikwindawo yesithathu eYurophu. Malunga ne-15% yomhlaba use-Arctic Circle, kodwa buchaphazeleka ngumsinga weAtlantic ofudumeleyo, ubusika abubandi kakhulu.Iindawo ezininzi zinemozulu epholileyo yehlathi le-coniferous, kwaye elona candelo lisemazantsi yimozulu yamahlathi ebanzi evulekileyo. Ilizwe lahlulwe-ngokwamaphondo angama-21 kunye nezixeko ezingama-289. Irhuluneli yonyulwa ngurhulumente, kukhethwa iinkokheli zikamasipala, kwaye amaphondo nezixeko zinolawulo olukhulu. Uhlanga lwaqala ukwenza malunga ne-1100 AD. Isihlomelo saseFinland ngo-1157. Ngo-1397, yamisela umanyano lweKalmar kunye neDenmark neNorway kwaye yayiphantsi kolawulo lwaseDenmark. Ngo-1523 inkululeko kwi-Union. Kwakuloo nyaka mnye, uGustav Vasa wonyulwa njengokumkani. Ilanga laseSweden lalihamba kakuhle ukususela ngo-1654 ukuya ku-1719, kwaye ummandla walo wawuquka iFinland, i-Estonia, iLatvia, iLithuania, kunye neendawo zeNxweme zaseBaltic eRashiya, ePoland naseJamani. Emva kokoyisa iRussia, iDenmark nePoland ngo-1718, ngokuthe ngcembe yehla. Uthathe inxaxheba kwiiMfazwe zikaNapoleon ngo-1805, kwaye wanyanzelwa ukuba ayekise iFinland emva kokoyiswa yiRussia ngo-1809. Ngo-1814, yafumana iNorway eDenmark yaza yasungula umanyano lweSwitzerland neNorway neNorway. INorway yazimela kwi-Union ngo-1905. ISweden yayingathathi cala kwiimfazwe zombini zehlabathi. Iflegi yesizwe: luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kunye nomnqamlezo omthubi kancinci ngasekhohlo. Imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nephuzi ivela kwimibala yomqondiso wasebukhosini waseSweden. ISweden inabemi abazizigidi ezili-9.12 (ngoFebruwari 2007). Amashumi asithoba eepesenti ngamaSweden (inzala yobuhlanga baseJamani), kwaye malunga nesigidi esinye sabaphambukeli abavela kwamanye amazwe kunye nenzala yabo (52.6% yabo ngabaphambukeli). AmaSami akumantla lelona hlanga lincinci, elinabantu abamalunga ne-10,000. Ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni sisiSweden. I-90% yabantu bakholelwa kubuLuthere bamaKrestu. ISweden lilizwe eliphuhlileyo kwaye lelinye lawona mazwe atyebileyo emhlabeni.Ngowama-2006, iGDP yaseSweden yayiziibhiliyoni ezingama-371.521 zeedola zaseMelika, ngomndilili womntu ngamnye kuma-40,962 eedola zaseMelika. ISweden ityebile intsimbi, ihlathi kunye nemithombo yamanzi. Inqanaba lokugutyungelwa kwehlathi ngama-54%, kwaye izinto ezigcinwayo zizi-cubic metres ezi-2.64; izixhobo zamandla ezikhoyo zamanzi zii-kilowatts ezingama-20.14 ezigidi (malunga neebhiliyoni ezili-176 zeeyure zeeyure) ngonyaka. ISweden iphuhlise amashishini, ngakumbi kubandakanya ukumbiwa kwemigodi, ukuveliswa koomatshini, ishishini lamahlathi kunye nephepha, izixhobo zamandla, iimoto, iikhemikhali, unxibelelwano ngocingo, ukulungisa ukutya, njl.njl. Ineenkampani ezaziwa kwihlabathi jikelele ezinje ngeNokia kunye neVolvo. Ezona zinto zithunyelwayo kumazwe angaphandle zizo zonke iintlobo zoomatshini, ezothutho kunye nezixhobo zonxibelelwano, iikhemikhali kunye neemveliso zamayeza, iphepha lomgubo, izixhobo zokwenza iphepha, isinyithi, izixhobo zombane, izixhobo zamandla, iimveliso zepetroleum, igesi yendalo kunye namalaphu, njl. Izinto zokwenza imveliso (iinkuni, intsimbi ekrwada), amandla (ipetroleum, amalahle, umbane), iimveliso zeekhemikhali, oomatshini nezixhobo, impahla, ifanitshala, njl. Umhlaba olimekayo weSweden ubala i-6% yommandla welizwe. Ukutya kwelizwe, inyama, amaqanda kunye neemveliso zobisi zingaphezulu kokuzimela, kwaye imifuno kunye neziqhamo zingeniswa ikakhulu. Ezona mveliso zolimo kunye nemfuyo zibandakanya: ukutya okuziinkozo, ingqolowa, iitapile, ii-beet, inyama, iinkukhu, amaqanda, iimveliso zobisi, njl. ISweden lilizwe elizimanye amazwe elinomnotho ophucukileyo kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwezinto ze-elektroniki kunye neetekhnoloji yolwazi. ISweden inamava atyebileyo ekukhuthazeni uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho oluzinzileyo, ukugxininisa ukubaluleka kophando kwezenzululwazi kunye neteknoloji kunye nophuhliso, ukukhuthaza ukulingana kwezentlalo, kunye nokwakha inkqubo yokhuseleko kwezentlalo, kwaye inezibonelelo zomhlaba wonke zokukhuphisana kuthungelwano ngocingo, amayeza, kunye neenkonzo zemali. I-Stockholm: I-Stockholm, ikomkhulu lase-Sweden, sisixeko sesibini ngobukhulu eMntla Yurophu, kwaye ibekwe kwindawo ekuhlangana kuyo iLake Mälaren kunye noLwandle lweBaltic kwaye ineziqithi ezili-14. Ezi ziqithi zifana neeperile ezibengezelayo ezigxunyekwe phakathi kwechibi nolwandle. I-Stockholm yaziwa ngokuba yi "Venice yaseNtla". Nyuka ujonge intaka ngakwisixeko.Iibhulorho ezahlukileyo ezinqumle ulwandle zinje ngamabhanti ejeyidi adibanisa iziqithi zedolophu.Iinduli eziluhlaza, amanzi aluhlaza, kunye nezitrato ezinamajikojiko zidityanisiwe.Izakhiwo eziphakathi zamaxesha aphakathi, umqolo woluhlu lwezakhiwo zale mihla kunye Iindawo zokuhlala ezintle kwimithi eluhlaza kunye neentyatyambo ezibomvu zimi ngokuchasene. Isixeko esidala saseStockholm, esakhiwa phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-13th, sinembali engaphezulu kweminyaka engama-700. Kuba ingazange konakaliswe yimfazwe, isagcineke kakuhle. Izakhiwo zamaxesha aphakathi ezihonjiswe ngemikrolo yeplanga kunye nemikrolo yamatye kunye nezitalato ezimxinwa zenza idolophu yakudala ibonakale njengedolophu yakudala, itsala inani elikhulu labakhenkethi ukuba lityelele. Kufuphi nebhotwe lobungangamsha, icawe yakudala yaseNicholas kunye nezakhiwo zikarhulumente nezinye izakhiwo. Isiqithi se-Zoo sikude kude nesixeko esidala. Imyuziyam eyaziwayo yeSkansen Open Air Museum, iMyuziyam yaseNordic, "iVasa" yokuPhukelwa kweNqanawa kunye nebala lokudlala "iTivoli" hlangana apha. I-Stockholm sisixeko senkcubeko. Kukho ilayibrari yasebukhosini eyakhiwe ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-17 ngengqokelela yeencwadi ezisisigidi esi-1. IYunivesithi eyaziwayo yaseStockholm kunye neRoyal Swedish Academy yoBunjineli ikwakhona. I-Queen's Island entle kunye neMillers Carving Park zezona ndawo zidumileyo zabakhenkethi esixekweni. Kukho "Ibhotwe laseTshayina" kwiQueen's Island, eyimveliso yokunconywa kweYurophu yenkcubeko yamaTshayina ngenkulungwane ye-18. IGothenburg: IGothenburg sisixeko sesibini ngobukhulu eSweden esimi kunxweme olusentshona eSweden, ngaphesheya kweKattegat Strait nakwincam esemantla eDenmark. Iyaziwa ngokuba yiSweden "iWindow yaseNtshona". IGothenburg lelona zibuko likhulu laseScandinavia, kwaye izibuko aligodoli unyaka wonke. IGothenburg yasekwa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-17, kwaye kamva yatshatyalaliswa ngamaDanes ngexesha leMfazwe yaseKalmar. Ngomnyaka we-1619, uKumkani uGustav II waseSweden wasakha kwakhona isixeko kwaye kungekudala wasiphuhlisa saba liziko lezorhwebo laseSweden. Ngokusekwa kweNkampani yaseSweden East India eGothenburg ngo-1731 kunye nokugqitywa kweGöta Canal ngo-1832, izibuko laseGothenburg laqhubeka likhula kwaye isixeko sisiya sichuma. Emva kwamakhulu eminyaka yokwakha kunye nophuhliso oluqhubekayo, iGothenburg iye yaba sisixeko sabakhenkethi esidibanisa ubugcisa kunye nobudala. Kuba uninzi lwabemi bokuqala abahlala apha ngamaDatshi, ukubonakala kwenxalenye yakudala yesixeko kuneempawu eziqhelekileyo zesiDatshi. Uthungelwano lwemijelo enwenwela macala onke esixeko, izakhiwo zangoku zifakwe emgceni, kwaye iindawo zokuhlala zasebukhosini ezintle ezakhiwe ngekhulu le-17 zinomtsalane, zizonke ezitsala amawaka abakhenkethi. |