I-Ecuador, igama elipheleleyo leRiphabhlikhi yase-Ecuador, ngama-270,670,000 eekhilomitha ezizikwere. Ifumaneka kwintshona yo Mzantsi Melika, i-ikhweyitha inqumla kumantla elizwe.I-Ecuador ithetha "i-ikhweyitha" ngesiSpanish. I-Andes ibaleka ingene kumbindi welizwe, kwaye ilizwe lahlulwe langamacandelo amathathu: unxweme olusentshona, umbindi weentaba kunye nommandla osempuma. 1. Unxweme oluseNtshona: Kuquka amathafa aselunxwemeni kunye neendawo zeepiedmont, eziphakamileyo empuma nezisezantsi entshona, inemozulu yamahlathi ashinyeneyo, kwaye elona candelo lisemazantsi liqala ukutshintshela kwimozulu enengca yetropiki. 2. Intaba eziMbindi: Emva kokuba iColombia ingene kumda we-Ecuador, i-Andes yahlulwa yaziintaba zaseMpuma naseNtshona Cordillera.Phakathi kwezi ntaba zimbini yithafa eliphakamileyo emantla nasezantsi emazantsi, elinomndilili we-2500 ukuya kuma-3000 eemitha. Ummango unqumla phakathi, wahlula ithafa libe zizitya zokuhlambela ezingaphezu kweshumi. Ezona zibalulekileyo sisiSiseko seQuito kunye neCuenca Basin emazantsi. Zininzi intaba-mlilo kuloo mmandla kunye neenyikima ezixhaphakileyo. 3. Ingingqi eseMpuma: inxalenye yeAmazon River Basin. Umlambo kumazantsi eentaba eziphakame kangangeemitha ezili-1200-250 uyaxokozela.Ngaphantsi kweemitha ezingama-250 kukho ithafa elinentaba yonke.Umlambo uvulekile, ukuhamba kwawo kuthambile, kwaye kukho imilambo emininzi. Inemozulu yehlathi elinemvula, kushushu kwaye kunomswakama kwaye kunetha unyaka wonke, ngemvula enesilinganiso semvula esiphakathi konyaka ka 2000-3000 mm.

I-Ecuador ekuqaleni yayiyinxalenye yoBukhosi beInca. Yaba yithanga laseSpain ngo-1532. Inkululeko yabhengezwa nge-10 ka-Agasti ka-1809, kodwa yayihlala ngumkhosi wobukoloniyali waseSpain. Ngo-1822, walususa ngokupheleleyo ulawulo lwamathanga lwaseSpain. Ujoyine iRiphabhlikhi eNkulu yaseColombia ngo-1825. Emva kokuwa kwe-Greater Colombia ngo-1830, iRiphabhlikhi yase-Ecuador yabhengezwa.

Iflegi yesizwe: uxande oxwesileyo kunye nomyinge wobude kububanzi be-2: 1. Ukusuka phezulu kuye ezantsi, uxande oxande othe tyaba otyheli, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kunye nobomvu axhumene.Indawo etyheli ithatha isiqingatha somgangatho weflegi, kwaye iinxalenye eziluhlaza kunye nezibomvu nganye zihlala i-1/4 yomgangatho weflegi. Kukho uphawu lwesizwe embindini weflegi. Umbala omthubi ubonakalisa ubutyebi belizwe, ukukhanya kwelanga kunye nokutya, umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka umele isibhakabhaka esiluhlaza, ulwandle kunye noMlambo iAmazon, kwaye bomvu luphawu lwegazi labantu abathanda ilizwe labo belwela inkululeko nobulungisa.

12.6 yezigidi (2002). Phakathi kwabo, iintlanga ezixubileyo zase-Indo-European zenza i-41%, ama-Indiya enza i-34%, abamhlophe bafumana i-15%, abantu abamnyama nabamhlophe benza i-7%, abamnyama kunye nezinye iintlanga babalelwa kwi-3%. Olona lwimi lusemthethweni yiSpanish, kwaye amaIndiya asebenzisa isiQuechua. I-94% yabahlali bakholelwa kubuKatolika.

Uqoqosho lwe-Ecuador lulawulwa kwezolimo, nenani labemi lezolimo elenza i-47% yabemi bebonke. Inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zemimandla yezolimo: imimandla yezolimo esezintabeni, emi kwiintlambo kunye nezitya zeAndes kwindawo ephakame malunga neemitha ezingama-2500 ukuya kwiimitha ezingama-4000, ikakhulu ikhulisa izityalo zokutya, imifuno, iziqhamo, kunye nokukhulisa imfuyo, okona kutya kuphambili Izityalo ngumbona, irhasi, ingqolowa, iitapile, njl.njl; indawo ezinxweme eziselunxwemeni, ezibekwe kunxweme olusentshona kunye neentlambo ezinkulu zemilambo, ikakhulu zityala iibhanana zokuthumela ngaphandle (malunga nezigidi ezi-3.4 zeetoni ngonyaka), icocoa, ikofu, njl.njl., Ukongeza irayisi kunye nomqhaphu. Izixhobo zonxweme zokuloba zityebile, zibanjiswa ngonyaka ngaphezulu kweetoni ezingama-900,000. Ukuxhatshazwa kweoyile kukhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye oovimba beoyile abaqinisekisiweyo becandelo eliphambili lezemigodi yimigodi eyi-2.35 yezigidigidi. Imigodi yesilivere, ubhedu, ilothe kunye neminye imigodi. Amashishini aphambili abandakanya ukucokiswa kwepetroleum, iswekile, amalaphu, isamente, ukulungiswa kokutya kunye namayeza. Amaqabane aphambili kwezorhwebo yiMelika, iBritane, iJamani namanye amazwe. Ukuthumela kwelinye ilizwe i-oyile ekrwada (malunga ne-65% yexabiso lilonke lokuthumela kwelinye ilizwe), iibhanana, ikofu, icocoa kunye nebhalsam. Quito: I-Quito, idolophu elikomkhulu lase-Ecuador, inokuphakama kweemitha ezingama-2,879, okwesibini kuphela kwikomkhulu laseBolivia, eLa Paz, kwaye ikwindawo yesibini kwikomkhulu eliphezulu ehlabathini. I-Ecuador "lilizwe leikhweyitha". Indawo yomhlaba yahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini yiikhweyitha. IQuito ikufutshane neikhweyitha, kodwa ngenxa yokuba imi ethafeni, imozulu ipholile. Imozulu yaseQuito ayinamaxesha onyaka amane, kodwa akhona amaxesha emvula kunye namaxesha owomileyo.Isiqingatha sokuqala lixesha leemvula kwaye isiqingatha sesibini lixesha elomileyo. Imozulu yaseQuito ayitshintshi, ngamanye amaxesha isibhakabhaka siyacaca, asinamafu kwaye ilanga liyakhanya ngequbuliso kuyakubakho amafu kunye nemvula enkulu.

I-Quito yayilikomkhulu lobukumkani base-India kangangeenkulungwane. Kuba yayihlala ikakhulu izizwe zaseQuivito, yayikade ibizwa ngokuba yi "Quito", kodwa yehliselwa kwi "Quito" ngabakholoniyali base Spain. ". Ngo-1811, i-Ecuador yafumana inkululeko kwaye iQuito yaba likomkhulu lase-Ecuador.

I-Quito sesinye sezona zixeko zihle kakhulu kwiNtshona yeIkhweyitha kunye nesixeko esidumileyo e-Ecuador. Kukho amabhodlo ePyramidi oBukhosi baseInca kufutshane nesixeko saseQuito, kunye neecawe zaseSan Roque naseSan Francisco, iBandla likaYesu, iRoyal Church Building, iCharity Church, iBandla leNkosazana Yethu, njl. Ezi zakhiwo zibonakalisa impumelelo yeQuito kumaxesha amandulo nakwinkulungwane ye-16 ukuya kweye-17.