Estonia Bayani na Asali
| Lokaci na gida | Lokacinku |
|---|---|
|
|
|
| Yankin lokaci na gari | Bambancin yankin lokaci |
| UTC/GMT +2 awa |
| latitude / longitude |
|---|
| 58°35'46"N / 25°1'25"E |
| iso tsara |
| EE / EST |
| kudin |
| Yuro (EUR) |
| Harshe |
| Estonian (official) 68.5% Russian 29.6% Ukrainian 0.6% other 1.2% unspecified 0.1% (2011 est.) |
| wutar lantarki |
 F-type Shuko toshe |
| tutar ƙasa |
|---|
 |
| babban birni |
| Tallinn |
| jerin bankuna |
| Estonia jerin bankuna |
| yawan jama'a |
| 1,291,170 |
| yanki |
| 45,226 KM2 |
| GDP (USD) |
| 24,280,000,000 |
| waya |
| 448,200 |
| Wayar salula |
| 2,070,000 |
| Adadin masu masaukin yanar gizo |
| 865,494 |
| Adadin masu amfani da Intanet |
| 971,700 |
Estonia gabatarwa
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Estonia tana da fadin kasa kilomita murabba'i dubu 45,200. Tana kan gabar gabas ta Tekun Baltic Tana iyaka da tekun Riga, da Tekun Baltic da kuma Tekun Finland a arewa maso yamma, Latvia ta kudu maso gabas da kuma Rasha a gabas. Yankin bakin teku yana da nisan kilomita 3794, yankin yana da kasa da fadi tare da tsaunuka a tsakani, kuma matsakaicin tsawan shine mita 50. Akwai tabkuna da gulbi da yawa, manyan tabkuna sune Lake Chud da Lake Volz wadanda suke da yanayin teku. Estoniawa suna cikin ƙabilar Ugric a Finland, kuma Estoniyan shine harshen hukuma. Estonia, cikakken sunan Jamhuriyar Estonia, ya mamaye yanki mai girman murabba'in kilomita 45,200. Tana bakin gabar gabas ta Tekun Baltic, tana iyaka da Tekun Riga, Tekun Baltic da Tekun Finland a arewa maso yamma, Latvia a kudu maso gabas da kuma Rasha a gabas. Yankin bakin gabar yana da nisan kilomita 3794. Yankin ƙasa yana da ƙanƙan da shimfiɗa tare da tsaunuka a tsakanin, tare da tsayin daka na mita 50. Yawancin tabkuna da fadama. Babban kogunan sune Narva, Pärnu, da Emagi. Manyan tabkuna sune Lake Chud da Lake Wolz. Tana da yanayin teku, tare da hunturu mafi sanyi a watan Janairu da Fabrairu, tare da matsakaicin zazzabi na -5 ° C, lokacin zafi mafi zafi a watan Yuli, tare da matsakaita zafin jiki na 16 ° C da matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara 500-700 mm. An kasa kasar zuwa larduna 15, tare da jimillar manya da kananan birane da garuruwa 254. Sunayen lardunan sune kamar haka: Hiiu, Harju, Rapla, Salier, Ryané-Viru, Iraq Da-Viru, Yalva, Villandi, Yegheva, Tartu, Viru, Varga, Belva, Parnu da Riane. Mutanen Estonia sun rayu a Estonia ta yau tun zamanin da. Daga karni na 10 zuwa na 12 Miladiyya, an hade kudu maso gabashin Estonia zuwa Kievan Rus. An kafa ƙasar Estonia a ƙarni na 12 zuwa 13. A farkon karni na 13, Sojojin Jamus da Danes suka mamaye Estonia kuma suka mamaye ta. Daga tsakiyar karni na 13 zuwa tsakiyar karni na 16, 'Yan Salibiyyar Jamusawa suka mamaye Estonia kuma ya zama wani ɓangare na Livonia. A ƙarshen karni na 16, an raba ƙasar Estonia tsakanin Sweden, Denmark da Poland. A tsakiyar karni na 17, Sweden ta mamaye dukkan Estonia. Daga 1700 zuwa 1721, Peter the Great ya dauki dogon lokaci "yakin Arewa" tare da Sweden domin kwace damar shiga tekun Baltic, daga karshe ya kayar da Sweden, ya tilastawa Sweden sanya hannu kan "yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya ta Nishtat", ta kwace Estonia, kuma Estonia ta hade zuwa Rasha. An kafa ikon Soviet a watan Nuwamba 1917. A watan Fabrairun 1918, sojojin Jamus suka mamaye duk yankin Estonia. Estonia ta yi shelar kafa jamhuriyar dimokiradiyya ta bourgeois a cikin Mayu 1919. A ranar 24 ga Fabrairu, 1920, Ai ya ba da sanarwar rabuwa da ikon Soviet. Yarjejeniyar sirrin yarjejeniyar taaddanci da Tarayyar Soviet da Jamus suka sanya wa hannu a ranar 23 ga Agusta, 1938 ta tanadi cewa Estonia, Latvia da Lithuania sune duniyoyin tasirin Tarayyar Soviet. Estonia ta shiga Tarayyar Soviet a 1940. A ranar 22 ga Yuni, 1941, Jamus ta kai hari kan Tarayyar Soviet. Estonia ta mamaye Jamus na tsawon shekaru uku kuma ta zama wani yanki na Gundumar Gabashin Jamus. A watan Nuwamba 1944, Rundunar Soja ta Soviet ta 'yantar da Estonia. A ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, 1989, Soviet Soviet ta Estonia ta ayyana shelar shigowar Estonia zuwa Soviet Union a 1940 ba ta da inganci. Ranar 30 ga Maris, 1990, aka maido da Jamhuriyar Estonia. A watan Agusta 20, 1991, Soyayya a hukumance ta ayyana 'yanci. A ranar 10 ga Satumba na wannan shekarar, Ai ta shiga CSCE kuma ta shiga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 17 ga Satumba. Tutar kasa: a kan murabba'in murabba'i mai nuna kwatankwacin tsayi zuwa fadin 11: 7 Tutar tuta tana ƙunshe ne da murabba'i mai ma'ana uku masu daidaitawa daidai kuma a haɗe tare, waɗanda shuɗi ne, baƙi da fari daga sama zuwa ƙasa. Shudi alama ce ta 'yancin ƙasa, ikon mallaka da cikakken yanki, baƙar fata alama ce ta wadata, ƙasar mai dausayi da wadatattun ma'adanai; fari yana nuna alamar neman' yanci, 'yanci, haske da tsabta. An yi amfani da tutar ƙasar ta yanzu bisa hukuma a cikin 1918. Estonia ta zama jamhuriya ta tsohuwar Soviet Union a shekara ta 1940. Tun daga shekarar 1945, an karɓi jan tuta mai ɗauke da tauraruwa masu kusurwa biyar, sikila da guduma a ɓangaren sama da fari, shuɗi da jajaye a ƙasan da ke ƙasa an ɗauka azaman tutar ƙasa. A shekarar 1988, an sake dawo da asalin tutar kasar ta asali, wato, tutar kasar ta yanzu. miliyan 1.361 a cikin Estonia (a ƙarshen 2006). Daga cikin su, yawan mutanen birni ya kai kashi 65.5% sannan mutanen karkara sun kai 34.5%. Matsakaicin tsawon rayuwar maza shine shekaru 64.4 da na mata shekaru 76.6. Manyan kabilun sune Estonia 67.9%, Rasha 25.6%, Ukrainian 2.1% da Belarusian. Harshen hukuma shine Estoniyanci. Hakanan ana amfani da Ingilishi da Rasha sosai. Manyan addinan sune Furotesta na Lutheran, Orthodox na Gabas da Katolika. Estonia ta fi haɓaka a cikin masana'antu da noma. Albarkatun kasa sun yi karanci .. Yankin daji ya kai hekta miliyan 1.8146, wanda ya kai kashi 43% na yawan yankin. Babban ma'adanai sun hada da man shale (ajiyar kusan tan biliyan biliyan 6), dutsen phosphate (tanadin kusan tan biliyan 4), farar ƙasa, da dai sauransu. Manyan sassan masana'antu sun hada da kera injuna, sarrafa katako, kayayyakin gini, lantarki, kayan masaku da masana'antar sarrafa abinci. Noma ya mamaye harkar kiwo, musamman kiwon shanu, shanu da aladu; babban amfanin gona shine: alkama, hatsin rai, dankali, kayan lambu, masara, flax da kuma kayan abinci. Masana'antun ginshiƙai kamar yawon buɗe ido, jigilar kayayyaki da masana'antar sabis sun ci gaba da haɓaka.
Tallinn: Tallinn, babban birnin Jamhuriyar Estonia (Tallinn), yana tsakanin Tekun Riga da na Tekun Copley a gefen kudu na mashigar Finland a Tekun Baltic da ke arewa maso yammacin Ireland. An san shi da suna "mararraba na Turai" kuma yana da mahimmin tashar kasuwanci, cibiyar masana'antu da kuma jan hankalin masu yawon bude ido a gabar Tekun Baltic. Yankin bakin teku ya kai kilomita 45. Tana da filin marubba'in kilomita 158.3 da yawan jama'a 404,000 (Maris 2000). A bayyane yake yanayin yana shafar tekun, tare da sanyi da ƙarancin ruwan sama a lokacin bazara, dumi da rani mai raɗaɗi da kaka, sanyi da damuna mai sanyi, tare da matsakaita zafin shekara na 4.7 ° C.
Tallinn yana kewaye da ruwa ta bangarori uku kuma yana da shimfidar wurare masu kyau da sauki.Wannan shine birni daya tilo a Arewacin Turai da ke kula da kamanninta na zamani da salonta. Garin ya kasu kashi biyu: tsohon gari da sabon birni. Tallinn muhimmiyar tashar kasuwanci ce, tashar kamun kifi da kuma cibiyar masana'antu a Estonia. Hanyoyin tashar jiragen ruwa sun kasance na biyu a cikin tashoshin Baltic, na biyu kawai ga Ventspils a Latvia (babbar tashar da ba ta daskarewa a gabar Baltic) . Don cin nasarar sake fitar da man Rasha daga Tallinn, gwamnatin Eston ta tsara wani shiri na 2005 don inganta matsayin Tallinn a matsayin hanyar wucewar Rasha. Masana'antu galibi sun haɗa da ginin jirgi, ƙera mashinai, sarrafa ƙarfe, sunadarai, yin takarda, masaku da sarrafa abinci. Ita ce kuma cibiyar fasaha da al'adu ta Estonia.Garin yana da Kwalejin Ilimin Estoniya, Makarantar Masana'antu, Kwalejin Fine Arts, Kwalejin Malamai da Kwalejin Kiɗa, da kuma gidajen tarihi da gidajen kallo da yawa. |