Germany ili pakatikati pa Europe, ndi Poland ndi Czech Republic kum'mawa, Austria ndi Switzerland kumwera, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, ndi France kumadzulo, ndi Denmark kumpoto. Ndilo dziko lomwe lili ndi oyandikana nawo ambiri ku Europe. Malowa ndi 357020.22 ma kilomita (Disembala 1999). Malowa ndi otsika kumpoto komanso chakumwera. Atha kugawidwa m'magawo anayi: North Plain ya Germany; Mapiri a Mid-Germany; Rhine Fracture Valley kumwera chakumadzulo; Bavarian Plateau ndi Alps kumwera. Zugspitze, chimake chachikulu cha Bayern Alps, ndi 2963 mita pamwamba pa nyanja. Phiri lalitali kwambiri mdziko muno. Mitsinje yayikulu ndi Rhine, Elbe, Oder, Danube ndi zina zotero. Nyengo yam'madzi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Germany imadziwika bwino, ndipo pang'onopang'ono imasinthira nyengo yakum'mawa chakumwera ndi kumwera. Kutentha kwapakati kumakhala pakati pa 14 ～ 19 ℃ mu Julayi ndi -5 ～ 1 ℃ mu Januware. Mpweya wamvula wapachaka ndi 500-1000 mm, ndipo dera lamapiri lili ndi zochulukirapo.

Germany imagawidwa m'magulu atatu: feduro, boma, ndi zigawo, okhala ndi mayiko 16 ndi zigawo 14,808. Mayina a mayiko 16 ndi awa: Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Berlin, Brandenburg, Bremen, Hamburg, Hesse, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Lower Saxony, North Rhine-Westphalia Lun, Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Schleswig-Holstein ndi Thuringia. Mwa ena, Berlin, Bremen ndi Hamburg ndi mizinda ndi mayiko.

Anthu aku Germany amakhala ku Germany lero. Mafuko adapangidwa pang'onopang'ono mzaka mazana 2-3 pambuyo pake AD. Dziko loyambirira lamakhalidwe a Germany lidapangidwa m'zaka za 10th. Kulimbana ndi maudindo apakati pazaka za m'ma 1300. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 18, Austria ndi Prussia adanyamuka kuti apange Confederation yaku Germany malinga ndi Msonkhano wa Vienna ku 1815, ndipo Mgwirizano Wachijeremani wogwirizana unakhazikitsidwa mu 1871. Ufumuwo udaputa Nkhondo Yoyamba Padziko Lonse mu 1914, ndipo udagwa mu 1918 pomwe udagonjetsedwa. Mu February 1919, Germany idakhazikitsa Weimar Republic. Hitler adayamba kulamulira mu 1933 kukhazikitsa ulamuliro wankhanza. Germany idakhazikitsa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse mu 1939, ndipo Germany idadzipereka pa Meyi 8, 1945.

Nkhondo itatha, malinga ndi Mgwirizano wa Yalta ndi Potsdam Agreement, Germany idalandidwa ndi United States, Britain, France, ndi Soviet Union, ndipo mayiko anayi adapanga Allied Control Committee kuti itenge ulamuliro wapamwamba kwambiri ku Germany. Mzinda wa Berlin udagawidwanso m'magawo anayi okhala. Mu June 1948, madera olanda a United States, Britain, ndi France anaphatikizana. Pa Meyi 23 chaka chotsatira, zigawo zophatikizidwa za Western Occupied Territory zidakhazikitsa Federal Republic of Germany. Pa Okutobala 7th chaka chomwecho, Germany Democratic Republic idakhazikitsidwa mdera lolamulidwa ndi Soviet kum'mawa. Kuyambira pamenepo, Germany idagawika mwalamulo kukhala mayiko awiri odziyimira pawokha. Pa Okutobala 3, 1990, GDR idalowa nawo Federal Republic of Germany. Malamulo oyendetsera dziko lino, People's Chamber, komanso boma la GDR zidachotsedwa basi.Maboma oyambilira a 14 adasinthidwa kukhala zigawo zisanu kuti azolowere kukhazikitsidwa kwa Federal Germany.Adaphatikizidwa kukhala Federal Republic of Germany, ndipo ma Germany awiri omwe adagawanika kwa zaka zopitilira 40 adagwirizananso.

Mbendera yadziko: kachetechete wopingasa wokhala ndi kutalika kwa kutalika mpaka 5: 3. Kuyambira pamwamba mpaka pansi, imapangidwa ndikulumikiza ma rectangles atatu ofanana ndi ofanana opingasa wakuda, ofiira, ndi achikasu. Pali malingaliro osiyanasiyana pankhani yakuyambira kwa mbendera ya tricolor.Ikhoza kubwereranso ku Ufumu wakale wa Roma mzaka za zana loyamba AD.Pambuyo pa nkhondo ya Asilamu aku Germany m'zaka za zana la 16 komanso kusintha kwa demokalase ku Germany m'zaka za zana la 17, mbendera ya tricolor yoyimira republic idalinso ikuuluka mdziko la Germany. . Ufumu wa Germany utagwa mu 1918, Weimar Republic idalandiranso mbendera yakuda, yofiira komanso yachikaso ngati mbendera yawo. Mu Seputembala 1949, Federal Republic of Germany idakhazikitsidwa ndipo idalandirabe mbendera ya tricolor ya Weimar Republic; Germany Democratic Republic idakhazikitsidwa mu Okutobala chaka chomwecho idalandiranso mbendera ya tricolor, koma chizindikiro cha dziko kuphatikiza nyundo, gauge, khutu la tirigu, ndi zina zambiri zidawonjezedwa pakati pa mbendera. Chitsanzo chosonyeza kusiyana. Pa Okutobala 3, 1990, Germany yolumikizanidwayi idagwiritsabe ntchito mbendera ya Federal Republic of Germany.

Germany ili ndi anthu 82.31 miliyoni (Disembala 31, 2006). Makamaka Ajeremani, okhala ndi ma Danes ochepa, Sorbian, Frisian ndi Gypsies. Pali alendo akunja 7.289 miliyoni, omwe amawerengera 8.8% ya anthu onse. Wachijeremani Wonse. Pafupifupi anthu 53 miliyoni amakhulupirira Chikhristu, pomwe 26 miliyoni amakhulupirira Roma Katolika, 26 miliyoni amakhulupirira Chikhristu cha Chiprotestanti, ndipo 900,000 amakhulupirira Mpingo wa Eastern Orthodox.

Germany ndi dziko lotukuka kwambiri.Mu 2006, chuma chake chonse chinali US $ 2,858.234 biliyoni, pamtengo wokwanira US $ 34679. Mphamvu zake pazachuma zimakhala zoyamba ku Europe, ndipo ndichachiwiri ku United States ndi Japan padziko lonse lapansi. Atatu akulu azachuma. Germany ndiogulitsa kunja kwa katundu wadziko lonse.Hafu ya mafakitale ake imagulitsidwa kunja, ndipo mtengo wake wogulitsa kunja tsopano ndi wachiwiri padziko lonse lapansi. Omwe amagulitsa nawo kwambiri ndi mayiko akumadzulo akumakampani. Kuphatikiza pa nkhokwe zolimba za malasha, lignite ndi mchere, amadalira kwambiri zogulitsa zakunja kuchokera kuzinthu zopangira ndi mphamvu, ndipo 2/3 yamagetsi oyambilira akuyenera kutumizidwa kunja. Makampani aku Germany amalamulidwa ndi mafakitale olemera, okhala ndi magalimoto, makina opanga, mankhwala, ndi zamagetsi zomwe zimawerengera zopitilira 40% yamitengo yonse yamafuta. Zida zodziwikiratu, Optics, ndi ndege komanso malo opanga ndege amapangidwanso kwambiri. Ntchito zokopa alendo ndi mayendedwe ndizabwino. Germany ndi dziko lalikulu lomwe limatulutsa mowa, mowa wake umakhala waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo Oktoberfest ndiyotchuka padziko lonse lapansi. Euro (EURO) pakadali pano ndi ndalama zovomerezeka ku Germany.

Germany yachita bwino kwambiri pachikhalidwe ndi zaluso. Anthu odziwika monga Goethe, Beethoven, Hegel, Marx ndi Engels adatulukira m'mbiri. Pali malo ambiri osangalatsa ku Germany, oimirawo ndi awa: Brandenburg Gate, Cologne Cathedral, ndi zina zambiri.

Brandenburg Gate (Brandenburg Gate) ili pamphambano ya Linden Street ndi June 17th Street pakati pa Berlin.Ndi malo otchuka okaona malo mumzinda wa Berlin komanso chizindikiro cha mgwirizano waku Germany. Sans Souci Palace (Sans Souci Palace) ili kumpoto chakumpoto kwa Potsdam, likulu la Brandenburg kum'mawa kwa Federal Republic of Germany. Dzinalo lachifumu latengedwa kuchokera ku tanthauzo loyambirira la "Wopanda nkhawa" mu Chifalansa.

Nyumba Yachifumu ya Sanssouci ndi minda yoyandikana nayo idamangidwa munthawi ya King Frederick II waku Prussia (1745-1757), kutsatira kapangidwe kake ka Palace of Versailles ku France. Munda wonsewo umakhala ndi mahekitala 290 ndipo umakhala pamchenga wamchenga, motero umadziwikanso kuti "nyumba yachifumu pamchenga wamchenga". Ntchito zonse zomanga nyumba yachifumu ya Sanssouci zidakhala pafupifupi zaka 50, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri zaluso zaku Germany.

Cologne Cathedral ndiye mpingo wabwino kwambiri wa Gothic padziko lapansi, womwe uli mumtsinje wa Rhine mkatikati mwa Cologne, Germany. Kutalika chakum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kuli mita 144.55, kumpoto-kumwera m'lifupi ndi 86.25 mita, holoyo ndi 43.35 mita, ndipo chipilala chapamwamba ndi mita 109. Pakatikati pake pali zingwe ziwiri ziwiri zolumikizidwa kukhoma lachitseko. Zingwe ziwiri za 157.38 mita zili ngati malupanga awiri akuthwa. Molunjika kumwamba. Nyumbayi yonse idapangidwa ndimiyala yopukutidwa, yokuta malo okwana ma 8,000 mita mita, ndikumanga kwake pafupifupi 6,000 mita mita. Pali tizilomboti tating'onoting'ono tambirimbiri tazungulira tchalitchichi. Cathedral yonseyi ndi yakuda, yomwe imakopa chidwi kwambiri m'nyumba zonse mumzinda.

Berlin: Berlin, monga likulu pambuyo pakuphatikizanso kwa Germany mu Okutobala 1990, ndi achichepere ndi achikulire. Ili pakatikati pa Europe ndipo ndi malo amisonkhano ku East ndi West. Mzindawu umakhala ndi makilomita 883, pomwe mapaki, nkhalango, nyanja ndi mitsinje zimakhala pafupifupi kotala la mzinda wonsewo.Mzinda wonse wazunguliridwa ndi nkhalango ndi madambo, ngati chisumbu chachikulu chobiriwira. Chiwerengero cha anthu chili pafupifupi 3.39 miliyoni. Berlin ndi likulu lodziwika bwino ku Europe ndipo idakhazikitsidwa ku 1237. Bismarck atagwirizanitsa Germany mu 1871, Dublin idagamulidwa. Pa Okutobala 3, 1990, ma Germany awiriwa anali ogwirizana, ndipo East ndi West Berlin adaphatikizananso mzinda umodzi.

Berlin ndi malo otchuka okaona malo ku Europe, komwe kuli nyumba zambiri zakale komanso zamakono. Zojambula zamakedzana komanso zamakono zimathandizana wina ndi mnzake ndikuthandizana, kuwonetsa zaluso zaluso zaku Germany. Nyumba yamsonkhano yomwe idamalizidwa mu 1957 ndi imodzi mwamaimidwe omangamanga amakono.Kumpoto kwake, wakale State State Capitol idabwezeretsedwa pang'ono. Symphony Hall yomangidwa mu 1963 ndi National Modern Art Gallery yopangidwa ndi katswiri wodziwika bwino wa zomangamanga Ludwig ndizolemba kalembedwe. Mbali zonse ziwiri za Kaiser Wilhelm I Memorial Hall yakale, pali mipingo yatsopano yopingasa komanso belu nsanja. Palinso nyumba yansanjika 20 yaku Europe Center yokhala ndi chitsulo ndi magalasi pafupi. "Street" yayitali mtunda wa kilomita 1.6 pansi pa mtengo wa Bodhi "ndi boulevard yotchuka ku Europe. Inamangidwa ndi Frederick II. Mseuwu ndi wa 60 mita mulifupi ndipo wazunguliridwa ndi mitengo mbali zonse ziwiri. Kumapeto chakumadzulo kwa mseuwu kuli Chipata cha Brandenburg chomwe chimamangidwa monga kalembedwe ka chipata cha Acropolis ku Greece wakale. Chipata chachikulu cha Brandenburg ndichizindikiro cha Berlin. Patatha zaka zopitilira 200 zikuchitika, chitha kutchedwa mboni ya mbiri yakale yaku Germany.

Berlin ndiwindo lalikulu kwambiri lakunja kwachikhalidwe chaku Germany. Berlin ili ndi nyumba 3 za opera, zisudzo 150 ndi malo ochitira zisudzo, malo owonetsera zakale 170, nyumba zowonetsera 300, makanema 130 ndi zisudzo 400 zowonekera. Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra ndi yotchuka padziko lonse lapansi. Mbiri yakale ya Humboldt University ndi Free University of Berlin ndi mabungwe odziwika padziko lonse lapansi.

Berlin ndi malo oyendera padziko lonse lapansi. Kutsegulidwa kwa njanji ya Berlin-Berstein mu 1838 kudakhala chiyambi cha nyengo zaku Europe.Mu 1881, tram yoyamba padziko lonse lapansi idagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Berlin. Berlin Metro idamangidwa mu 1897, yokhala ndi kutalika konse kwa makilomita 75 nkhondo isanachitike, ndimalo okwerera 92, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwamawayilesi oyenda bwino kwambiri ku Europe. Berlin tsopano ili ndi eyapoti yayikulu 3, okwerera masitima apamtunda atatu, misewu yamakilomita 5170, ndi ma kilomita 2,387 apaulendo onse.

Munich: Mzindawu uli kumpoto chakumtunda kwa Alps, Munich ndi mzinda wokongola wamapiri wozunguliridwa ndi mapiri ndi mitsinje. Ndiwonso malo opambana azikhalidwe ku Germany. Mzindawu, monga mzinda wachitatu waukulu kwambiri ku Germany wokhala ndi anthu 1.25 miliyoni, nthawi zonse amakhala ndi nyumba zambiri zamatchalitchi komanso nyumba zina zakale. Kuwonjezera pa kukhala ndi laibulale yayikulu yapadziko lonse, malo owonetsera a 43 ndi yunivesite yopitilira 80,000 ophunzira, pali opitilira anayi ku Munich, kuphatikiza zakale, akasupe am'mapaki, ziboliboli ndi mowa. ambiri.

Monga mzinda wakale komanso wachikhalidwe, Munich ili ndi nyumba zambiri za Baroque ndi Gothic. Ndiomwe amaimira nthawi yaku Europe Renaissance. Ziwombankhanga zingapo ndizambiri mzindawu ndipo zimawonekera bwino.

Oktoberfest mu Okutobala chaka chilichonse ndi chikondwerero chachikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.Alendo opitilira 5 miliyoni ochokera padziko lonse lapansi abwera kuno kudzachita chikondwerero chachikulu ichi. Oktoberfest ku Munich idachokera ku zikondwerero zingapo zomwe zidachitika ku 1810 kukondwerera zaka pakati pa Crown Prince of Bavaria ndi Princess Dairis waku Saxony-Hildenhausen. Kwa zaka zopitilira zana, mwezi uliwonse wa Seputembala ndi Okutobala, panali "malo omwa mowa" m'misewu ya mzindawu. Munali malo ogulitsira mowa ambiri m'misewu. Anthu amakhala pamipando yayitali yamatabwa ndipo amakhala ndi makapu akuluakulu a ceramic omwe amatha kusunga lita imodzi ya mowa. Imwani momwe mungafunire, mzinda wonse wadzaza ndi kusekerera, mamiliyoni a malita a mowa, nthochi mazana mazana zikwi zatha. "Mimba yamowa" ya anthu aku Munich imawonetsanso anthu kuti amatha kumwa bwino.

Frankfurt: Frankfurt ili m'mphepete mwa Mtsinje Waukulu. Frankfurt ndiye likulu lazachuma ku Germany, mzinda wowonetsera, komanso njira yolowera mlengalenga ndi mayendedwe padziko lonse lapansi. Poyerekeza ndi mizinda ina ku Germany, Frankfurt ndi yachilendo kwambiri. Monga amodzi mwa malo azachuma padziko lonse lapansi, omanga nyumba zachigawo zaku banki ya Frankfurt afola m'mizere, zomwe ndizodabwitsa. Mabanki ndi nthambi zopitilira 350 zili m'misewu ya Frankfurt. "Deutsche Bank" ili pakatikati pa Frankfurt. Banki yayikulu ya Federal Republic of Germany ili ngati mitsempha yapakati, yomwe imakhudza chuma chonse cha Germany. Likulu la European Bank ndi Germany Stock Exchange zili ku Frankfurt. Pachifukwa ichi, mzinda wa Frankfurt umatchedwa "Manhattan on the Main".

Frankfurt sikuti ndi malo azachuma okha padziko lapansi, komanso mzinda wotchuka wofotokozera womwe uli ndi zaka 800 za mbiriyakale. Pafupifupi ziwonetsero zazikuluzikulu zapadziko lonse za 15 zimachitika chaka chilichonse, monga International Consumer Goods Fair yomwe imachitika mchaka ndi chilimwe chaka chilichonse; zaka ziwiri zapadziko lonse lapansi "zanyengo, zotenthetsera, zowongolera mpweya" zachilungamo, ndi zina zambiri.

Airport ya Rhein-Main ku Frankfurt ndiye bwalo lachiwiri lalikulu kwambiri ku Europe komanso njira yolowera ku Germany padziko lonse lapansi.Imanyamula okwera 18 miliyoni chaka chilichonse. Ndege zomwe zikuchoka pano zikuwulukira m'mizinda 192 padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo pali njira 260 zomwe zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi Frankfurt ndi dziko lonse lapansi.

Frankfurt sikuti ndi likulu lazachuma ku Germany kokha, komanso mzinda wachikhalidwe. Uwu ndi kwawo kwa Goethe, wolemba padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo nyumba yake yakale ili pakatikati pa mzindawu. Ku Frankfurt kuli malo osungirako zinthu zakale okwana 17. Malo otsala a Aroma akale, malo osungira mitengo ya kanjedza, Heninger Tower, Tchalitchi cha Eustinus, ndi zisudzo zakale zonse ndizoyenera kuwona.