Jeremane e bohareng ba Europe, le Poland le Czech Republic ka bochabela, Austria le Switzerland ka boroa, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg le Fora ka bophirima, le Denmark ka leboea.Ke naha e nang le baahelani ba bangata Europe. Sebaka ke lisekoere-k'hilomithara tse 357020.22 (Tshitwe 1999). Sebaka sena se tlase leboea 'me se ka boroa se ka aroloa ka libaka tse' ne: Phula ea Jeremane Leboea; Lithaba tsa Mid-Germany; Rhine Fracture Valley ka boroa-bophirima; Bate ea Bavaria le Alps ka boroa. Ke tlhoro e phahameng ka ho fetisisa naheng. Linoka tse kholo ke Rhine, Elbe, Oder, Danube joalo-joalo. Tlelaemete ea leoatleng leboea-bophirima ho Jeremane e tsebahala haholo, 'me butle-butle e fetohela ho boemo ba leholimo ba kontinenteng bochabela le boroa. Ka karolelano mocheso o pakeng tsa 14 le 19 ℃ ka Phupu le -5 ～ 1 ℃ ka Pherekhong. Pula ea selemo le selemo ke 500-1000 mm, 'me sebaka se lithaba se na le ho feta.

Jeremane e arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e meraro: federale, mmuso le lebatooa, le linaha tse 16 le libaka tse 14,808. Mabitso a linaha tse 16 ke: Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Berlin, Brandenburg, Bremen, Hamburg, Hesse, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Lower Saxony, North Rhine-Westphalia Lun, Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Schleswig-Holstein le Thuringia. Har'a tsona, Berlin, Bremen le Hamburg ke litoropo le linaha.

Batho ba Majeremane ba ne ba lula Jeremane kajeno. Merabe e ile ea theoa hanyane ka hanyane makholong a 2-3 a lilemo AD. Naha ea pele ea puso ea borena ea Jeremane e thehiloe lekholong la leshome la lilemo. Ho ea ho khethollo ea bochaba bohareng ba lekholo la bo13 la lilemo. Qalong ea lekholo la bo18 la lilemo, Austria le Prussia li ile tsa phahama ho theha Kopano ea Jeremane ho latela Seboka sa Vienna ka 1815, mme Mmuso o kopaneng oa Jeremane o thehiloe ka 1871. 'Muso o ile oa qholotsa Ntoa ea Pele ea Lefatše ka 1914, mme oa putlama ka 1918 ha o ne o hloloa. Ka Pherekhong 1919, Jeremane e thehile Rephabliki ea Weimar. Hitler o ile a qala ho busa ka 1933 ho kenya ts'ebetsong bompoli. Jeremane e ile ea qala Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše ka 1939, 'me Jeremane ea inehela ka la 8 May, 1945.

Kamora ntoa, ho latela Tumellano ea Yalta le Tumellano ea Potsdam, Jeremane e ile ea haptjoa ke United States, Borithane, Fora le Soviet Union, mme linaha tse nne li thehile Allied Control Committee ho nka matla a phahameng ka ho fetesisa a Jeremane. Toropo ea Berlin le eona e arotsoe ka libaka tse 4 tsa bolulo. Ka Phuptjane 1948, libaka tse hapiloeng United States, Borithane le Fora li ile tsa kopana. Ka la 23 Mots'eanong selemong se latelang, sebaka se kopaneng sa Western Occupied Territory se thehile Federal Republic of Germany. Ka la 7 Mphalane selemong sona seo, Democratic Republic ea Jeremane e ile ea theoa sebakeng se hapiloeng ke Soviet ka bochabela. Ho tloha ka nako eo, Jeremane e arotsoe ka molao ho ba linaha tse peli tse ikemetseng. Ka la 3 October, 1990, GDR e ile ea kenella ka molao Federal Republic of Germany. Molao-motheo, People's Chamber, le mmuso oa GDR li ile tsa hlakoloa ka bohona.Mabatooa a mantlha a 14 a ile a fetoleloa ho ba liprofinse tse 5 molemong oa ho ikamahanya le ho theoa ha Federal Republic of Germany.A ile a kopanngoa le Federal Republic of Germany, mme Jeremane tse peli tse neng li arotsoe ka lilemo tse fetang 40 li kopane hape.

Folaga ea naha: Ke khutlonne e rapameng e nang le bolelele ba bolelele ho bophara ba 5: 3. Ho tloha holimo ho ea tlase, e theoa ka ho hokela maqhubu a mararo a tšoanang le a lekanang a batsho, khubelu le bosehla. Ho na le maikutlo a fapaneng ka tšimoloho ea folakha ea tricolor.E ka saloa morao ho tloha 'musong oa khale oa Roma lekholong la pele la lilemo AD. . Kamora ho oa ha 'Muso oa Jeremane ka 1918, Rephabliki ea Weimar le eona e ile ea amohela folakha e ntšo, e khubelu le e tšehla joalo ka folakha ea eona ea naha. Ka Loetse 1949, Rephabliki e Kopaneng ea Jeremane e thehiloe mme e ntse e amohela folakha ea tricolor ea Rephabliki ea Weimar; Jeremane ea Democratic Republic e thehiloe ka Mphalane selemong sona seo hape e amohetse folakha ea tricolor, empa ho ile ha eketsoa letšoao la naha ho kenyeletsoa hamore, gauge, tsebe ea koro, jj. Mohlala ho bontša phapang. Ka la 3 October, 1990, Jeremane e kopaneng hape e ne e ntse e sebelisa folakha ea Federal Republic of Germany.

Jeremane e na le baahi ba limilione tse 82.31 (la 31 Tšitoe 2006). Haholo-holo Majeremane, a nang le palo e fokolang ea maDanes, Maserbia, Mafrisia le Magypsie. Ho na le basele ba limilione tse 7.289, ba ikarabellang ho 8.8% ea baahi kaofela. Sejeremane ka kakaretso. Batho ba ka bang limilione tse 53 ba lumela Bokreste, 'me ba limilione tse 26 ba lumela ho Roma e K'hatholike, ba limilione tse 26 ba lumela Bokresteng ba Boprostanta,' me ba 900 000 ba lumela Kerekeng ea Orthodox.

Jeremane ke naha ea liindasteri e tsoetseng pele haholo. Ka 2006, sehlahisoa sa eona sa naha e ne e le lidolara tse limilione tse likete tse 2,858.234 tsa Amerika, ka boleng ba motho ka mong e le $ 34679. Matla a eona a moruo a maemong a pele Europe, 'me a latela United States le Japane lefatšeng ka bophara. Matla a mararo a maholo a moruo. Jeremane ke morekisi e moholo oa thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha.Hafu ea lihlahisoa tsa eona tsa indasteri e rekisoa kantle ho naha, 'me boleng ba eona ba kantle ho naha hona joale bo boemong ba bobeli lefatšeng. Balekane ba ka sehloohong ba khoebo ke linaha tsa indasteri tsa Bophirimela. Jeremane e futsanehile ka lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho.Ho ekelletsa ho polokelo e ruileng ea mashala a thata, lignite le letsoai, e its'etleha haholo ho thepa e kenang kantle ho naha mabapi le phepelo ea lisebelisoa tse tala le matla, 'me 2/3 ea matla a mantlha e hloka ho kengoa kantle ho naha. Indasteri ea Jeremane e busoa ke indasteri e boima, e nang le likoloi, tlhahiso ea mechini, lik'hemik'hale le li-electric tse ikarabellang ho feta 40% ea kakaretso ea boleng ba liindasteri. Lisebelisoa tsa Precision, optics, le lifofane le lifofane li boetse li ntlafalitsoe haholo. Bohahlauli le lipalangoang li ntlafalitsoe hantle. Jeremane ke naha e kholo e hlahisang biri, tlhahiso ea eona ea biri e maemong a holimo lefatšeng, 'me Oktoberfest e tsebahala lefatšeng ka bophara. Euro (EURO) hajoale ke tefiso ea molao ea Jeremane.

Jeremane e entse katleho e ikhethang litabeng tsa setso le bonono.Lihlooho tse tummeng tse kang Goethe, Beethoven, Hegel, Marx le Engels li hlahile nalaneng. Ho na le libaka tse ngata tse khahlisang nalane Jeremane, mme baemeli ba kenyelletsa Heke ea Brandenburg le Cologne Cathedral.

Heke ea Brandenburg (Heke ea Brandenburg) e lutse mateanong a tsela ea Linden Street le June 17th Street bohareng ba Berlin. Ke sebaka se tummeng sa bohahlauli toropong ea Berlin le sesupo sa bonngoe ba Jeremane. Sans Souci Palace (Sans Souci Palace) e litoropong tse ka leboea tsa Potsdam, motse-moholo oa Brandenburg karolong e ka bochabela ea Federal Republic of Germany. Lebitso la ntlo ea borena le nkuoe moelelong oa mantlha oa "ea se nang Matšoenyeho" ka Sefora.

Ntlo ea borena ea Sanssouci le lirapa tse e potileng li hahiloe nakong ea King Frederick II oa Prussia (1745-1757), kamora setaele sa kaho ea Ntlo ea borena ea Versailles naheng ea Fora. Serapa sohle se koahela sebaka sa lihekthere tse 290 'me se le holim'a lehlabathe, kahoo se tsejoa hape e le "ntlo ea borena e holim'a lehlabathe". Mesebetsi eohle ea kaho ea Sanssouci Palace e nkile lilemo tse ka bang 50, e leng moelelo oa bonono ba meralo ea Jeremane.

Cologne Cathedral ke kereke e phethahetseng ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng ea Gothic, e fumanehang Nokeng ea Rhine bohareng ba Cologne, Jeremane. Bolelele ba botjhabela-bophirima ke limithara tse 144.55, bophara ba leboea-boroa ke limithara tse 86.25, holo ke bophahamo ba limithara tse 43.35, 'me pilara e kaholimo ke limithara tse 109. Bohareng ho na le likhoele tse peli tse habeli tse hokahantsoeng le lebota la monyako. Ka ho toba leholimong. Mohaho oohle o entsoe ka majoe a bentšitsoeng, a koahelang sebaka sa lisekoere-mithara tse 8,000, se nang le sebaka sa kaho sa li-square metres tse ka bang 6,000. Ho na le likhoele tse ngata tse nyane tse potileng kereke ena. Cathedral kaofela e ntšo, e hohelang haholoholo meahong eohle e toropong.

Berlin: Berlin, joalo ka motse-moholo kamora ho kopanngoa ha Jeremane ka Mphalane 1990, e monyane ebile e tsofetse. E bohareng ba Europe mme ke sebaka seo ho kopaneloang ho sona Bochabela le Bophirima. Toropo e boholo ba lisekoere-k'hilomithara tse 883, moo lirapa tsa boikhathollo, meru, matša le linoka li etsang hoo e ka bang kotara ea sebaka sohle sa toropo. Toropo eohle e lika-likelitsoe ke meru le makhulo, joalo ka sehlekehleke se seholo se setala. Baahi ba ka ba limilione tse 3.39. Berlin ke motse-moholo o tummeng oa Europe oa khale mme e thehiloe ka 1237. Ka mor'a hore Bismarck e kopane Jeremane ka 1871, Dublin e ile ea etsoa qeto. Ka la 3 October, 1990, Majeremane a mabeli a ne a kopane, 'me Berlin Bochabela le Bophirimela li kopane ho ba toropo e le' ngoe hape.

Berlin ke sebaka se tummeng se hohelang bahahlauli Europe, moo ho nang le meaho e mengata ea khale le ea sejoale-joale. Bokhabane ba mehleng ea khale le ba sejoale-joale ba tlatsana ebile baa tlatsana, ho bonts'a litšobotsi tsa bonono ba meralo ea Jeremane. Holo ea likopano e phethetsoeng ka 1957 ke e 'ngoe ea mesebetsi e emelang ea meaho ea sejoale-joale.Ka leboea ho eona, Empire State Capitol ea mehleng e nchafalitsoe. Symphony Hall e hahiloeng ka 1963 le National Modern Art Gallery e qapiloeng ke moqapi ea tummeng oa meralo Ludwig ke lipale tsa setaele. Ka mahlakore ka bobeli a Kaiser Wilhelm I Memorial Hall ea khale, ho na le likereke tse ncha tse mahlakore a tšeletseng le tšepe ea tšepe. Hape ho na le moaho o mekato e 20 oa Setsi sa Europe o nang le tšepe le sebopeho sa khalase haufinyane. "Seterata se bolelele ba kilomitara e 1,6" tlasa Sefate sa Bodhi "ke boulevard e tsebahalang Europe. E hahiloe ke Frederick II. Seterata se bophara ba limithara tse 60 'me se kentsoe lifate ka mahlakore ka bobeli. Karolong e ka bophirima ea seterata ke Heke ea Brandenburg e hahiloeng ka setaele sa heke ea Acropolis Greece ea khale.Heke e ntle ea Brandenburg ke letšoao la Berlin.Ka mor'a lilemo tse fetang 200 tsa moea le pula, e ka bitsoa paki ea nalane ea sejoale-joale ea Jeremane.

Berlin hape ke fensetere e kholo ea kantle ea moetlo oa Majeremane. Berlin e na le matlo a 3 a opera, liholo tsa boithabiso tse 150 le liholo tsa boithabiso, limusiamo tse 170, liemahale tse 300, libaesekopo tse 130 le liholo tsa boithabiso tse 400 tse bulehileng. Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra e tsebahala lefatšeng ka bophara. Univesithi ea nalane ea Humboldt le Free University ea Berlin ke litsi tse tsebahalang lefatšeng ka bophara.

Berlin hape ke setsi sa lipalangoang sa machabeng. Ka 1838, seporo sa Berlin-Bostan se ile sa buloa hore ho be le sephethe-phethe, se ileng sa bula selelekela sa mehla ea literene tsa Europe. Ka 1881, terama ea pele ea lefats'e e ile ea sebelisoa Berlin. Berlin Metro e hahiloe ka 1897, e bolelele ba lik'hilomithara tse 75 pele ho ntoa, e nang le liteishene tse 92, e leng se etsang hore e be o mong oa litsamaiso tse tsamaeang ka tlas'a lefatše tse phethahetseng ka ho fetisisa Europe. Hona joale Berlin e na le boema-fofane bo boholo ba 3, liteishene tse 3 tsa literene tsa machabeng, likilomitara tse 5170 tsa litsela, le likilomitara tse 2 387 tsa lipalangoang tsa sechaba.

Munich: Munich e toropong e ka leboea ea Alps, 'me e pota-potiloe ke lithaba le linoka. Hape ke setsi se setle ka ho fetisisa sa lekhotla Jeremane. Joaloka toropo ea boraro e kholo ka ho fetisisa Jeremane e nang le baahi ba limilione tse 1.25, Munich esale e boloka setaele sa eona sa litoropo se nang le litora tse ngata tsa kereke le meaho e meng ea khale. Munich ke toropo e tummeng moetlong. Ntle le ho ba le laeborari e kholo ea naha, libaka tsa boithabiso tse 43 le univesithi e nang le baithuti ba fetang 80,000, ho na le tse fetang tse nne Munich, ho kenyeletsoa limusiamo, liliba tsa boikhathollo, litsoantso tse betliloeng le biri. ba bangata.

Joaloka motse o tummeng oa nalane le setso, Munich e na le meaho e mengata ea Baroque le Gothic. Ke baemeli ba tloaelehileng ba Renaissance ea Europe. Litšoantšo tse betliloeng tse fapaneng li tletse toropong ebile li hlakile.

Oktoberfest ka Mphalane selemo se seng le se seng ke mokete o moholohali oa setso lefatšeng. Baeti ba fetang limilione tse hlano ba tsoang lefats'eng lohle ba tla tla mona ho tla keteka mokete ona o moholo. Oktoberfest e Munich e simolohile letotong la mekete e neng e tšoaretsoe 1810 ho keteka makholo a lilemo pakeng tsa Crown Prince of Bavaria le Princess Dairis oa Saxony-Hildenhausen. Ka lilemo tse fetang lekholo, ka Loetse le Mphalane o mong le o mong, ho ne ho e-na le "moea oa biri" literateng tsa toropo. Ho ne ho na le mabenkele a mangata a lijo tsa biri literateng. Batho ba ne ba lula litulong tse telele tsa mapolanka ba bile ba tšoere mabekere a maholo a letsopa a neng a ka tšoara litara e le 'ngoe ea biri. Noa haholo kamoo u batlang, toropo eohle e tletse nyakallo, limilione tsa lilithara tsa biri, libanana tse makholo a likete li fietsoe. "Mpa ea biri" ea batho ba Munich le eona e bonts'a batho hore ba ka noa hantle.

Frankfurt: Frankfurt e mabopong a Noka ea Main. Frankfurt ke setsi sa lichelete sa Jeremane, toropo ea lipontšo, le heke ea moea le setsi sa lipalangoang lefatšeng. Ha e bapisoa le litoropo tse ling tsa Jeremane, Frankfurt e na le linaha tse ngata. Joaloka e 'ngoe ea litsi tsa lichelete tsa lefats'e, lits'oants'o tse phahameng seterekeng sa banka sa Frankfurt li entsoe ka mela, e leng ntho e makatsang. Libanka le makala a fetang 350 a teng literateng tsa Frankfurt. "Deutsche Bank" e bohareng ba Frankfurt. Banka e bohareng ea Federal Republic of Germany e tšoana le methapo e matla e bohareng, e amang moruo oohle oa Jeremane. Ntlo-kholo ea European Bank le Jeremane Stock Exchange li fumaneha Frankfurt. Ka lebaka lena, toropo ea Frankfurt e bitsoa "Manhattan on Main".

Frankfurt ha se setsi sa lichelete lefats'eng feela, empa hape ke toropo e tummeng ea lipontšo e nang le nalane ea lilemo tse 800. Ho tšoaroa lipontšo tse kholo tse ka bang 15 selemo se seng le se seng, joalo ka Fair Consumer Goods Fair e ts'oaroang selemo le lehlabula selemo se seng le se seng; "bohloeki, ho futhumatsa, moea o pholisang moea" o tsoang linaheng tse ling.

Boema-fofane ba Rhein-Main ba Frankfurt ke boema-fofane ba bobeli bo boholo ho fetisisa Europe le khoro ea Jeremane ho ea lefats'eng.Le jara bapalami ba limilione tse 18 selemo se seng le se seng. Lifofane tse tlohang mona li fofela metseng e 192 lefatšeng ka bophara, 'me ho na le litsela tse 260 tse hokahanyang Frankfurt le lefatše.

Frankfurt ha se setsi sa moruo feela Jeremane, empa hape ke toropo ea setso. Ona ke toropo ea Goethe, sengoli sa lefats'e, mme sebaka sa hae sa bolulo sa mehleng se bohareng ba toropo. Frankfurt e na le limusiamo tse 17 le libaka tse ngata tse khahlisang.Masalla a Baroma ba khale, serapa sa palema, Holo ea Heninger, Kereke ea Eustinus le ntlo ea opera ea khale kaofela li lokela ho bonoa.