Aruba iherereye mu Burengerazuba bw’Ubuholandi bwo mu Burengerazuba bwa Antilles Ntoya mu majyepfo ya Karayibe. Ifite ubuso bwa kilometero kare 193. Ururimi rwemewe ni Ikidage, Papimandu, Icyesipanyoli n'Icyongereza. Nestad. Nibirometero 25 uvuye ku nkombe za Venezuwela mu majyepfo.Bisanzwe hamwe byitwa Ibirwa bya ABC hamwe na Bonaire na Curaçao mu burasirazuba. Ikirwa kiri hasi kandi kiringaniye, kidafite imigezi, kandi gifite ikirere gishyuha gishyuha gifite ubushyuhe buke. Benshi mu kirwa bakeneye amazi yo kunywa. Byatanzwe na desalisation. Inkingi ebyiri zubukungu bwa Aruba ni gushonga peteroli nubukerarugendo.

Overview

Aruba nubutaka bw’Ubuholandi bwo mu mahanga buherereye mu burengerazuba bw’iburengerazuba bwa Antilles Ntoya mu nyanja ya Karayibe. Ubuso ni kilometero kare 193. Nibirometero 25 uvuye ku nkombe za Venezuela mu majyepfo, naho Bonaire na Curaçao mu burasirazuba hamwe hamwe bita Ibirwa bya ABC. Ikirwa gifite uburebure bwa kilometero 31,5 n'ubugari bwa kilometero 9,6. Ubutaka buri hasi kandi buringaniye, gusa Umusozi wa Heiberg uri muri metero 165 hejuru yinyanja. Nta nzuzi. Ifite ikirere gishyuha gifite itandukaniro rito ry'ubushyuhe.Ubushyuhe bwo hagati ni 28.8 ℃ mu kwezi gushushe (Kanama kugeza Nzeri) na 26.1 ℃ mu kwezi gukonje cyane (Mutarama kugeza Gashyantare). Ikirere cyumutse cyane kandi imvura ni mike.Ubusanzwe, imvura yumwaka ntirenza mm 508.

Abatuye ikirwa ba mbere ni Abahinde ba Arawak. Abesipanyoli bamaze kwigarurira icyo kirwa mu 1499, cyabaye ikigo cy’ubusahuzi bwo mu nyanja na magendu. Umugani uvuga ko Abesipanyoli bateganyirije zahabu hano, kandi ijambo "Aruba" ryahinduwe riva muri "zahabu" yo muri Esipanye (nanone bivuga "igikonoshwa" mu mvugo ya Karayibe yo mu Buhinde). Abadage bigaruriye icyo kirwa mu 1643. Yasahuwe n’abongereza mu 1807. Mu 1814 yasubiye mu bubasha bw'Ubuholandi maze iba muri Antilles y'Ubuholandi. Mu mpera z'umwaka wa 1954, Ubuholandi bwemeje mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko ko Ubuholandi Antilles bwagize "ubwigenge" mu bibazo by'imbere mu gihugu. Muri referendumu yabaye mu 1977, rubanda nyamwinshi yatoye ubwigenge bwa Aruba. Ku ya 1 Mutarama 1986, Aruba yatangaje ku mugaragaro ko yitandukanije na Antilles yo mu Buholandi nk'umutwe wa politiki wihariye, kandi irateganya kugera ku bwigenge busesuye mu 1996. Nyuma y’amatora rusange yo mu 1989, Umuryango w’amatora w’abaturage ba Aruba washyizeho guverinoma ihuriweho n’ishyaka riharanira inyungu za Aruba n’ishyaka riharanira demokarasi. Muri Kamena 1990, Aruba yongeye kugirana ibiganiro na guverinoma y'Ubuholandi maze igera ku masezerano mashya yahagaritse ingingo ya 1996 yerekeye ubwigenge busesuye bw'icyo kirwa.

Abaturage ba Aruba ni 72.000 (1993). 80% bakomoka mubuhinde bwa Karayibe nabazungu bo muburayi. Ururimi rwemewe ni Igiholandi, naho Papimandu (igikerewole gishingiye ku cyesipanyoli kandi kivanze n’amagambo y’igiporutugali, ikidage, n’icyongereza) gikunze gukoreshwa. Icyesipanyoli n’icyongereza nacyo kivugwa. 80% by'abaturage bemera Gatolika naho 3% bemera abaporotesitanti.

Inkingi ebyiri zubukungu bwa Aruba ni ugushonga peteroli (harimo gutwara peteroli no gutunganya ibikomoka kuri peteroli) nubukerarugendo. Usibye inganda za peteroli, hari n'inganda zikora inganda zoroheje nk'ibicuruzwa by'itabi n'ibinyobwa. Uruganda ruva mu mazi rwubatswe mu 1960 ni kimwe mu bimera binini ku isi, rushobora kwangiza litiro miliyoni 20.8 z’amazi yo ku nyanja ku munsi. Usibye umubare muto w'amabuye y'agaciro na fosifate, nta kirwa cy'amabuye y'agaciro kiri kuri icyo kirwa. Ubutaka ni butayu kandi harahingwa bike bya aloe. Bitewe n'izuba umwaka wose hamwe nikirere gishimishije, ntabwo bihungabanywa ninkubi y'umuyaga, ariko umuyaga wamajyaruguru wamajyaruguru uhorana umwaka wose, kandi biragoye ko imibu, isazi nudukoko bibaho. Bizwi nk "ikirwa cyisuku". Umubare w’inganda z’ubukerarugendo bwa Aruba mu bukungu bw’igihugu wakomeje kwiyongera.Ahantu nyaburanga hasurwa harimo Palm Beach n’ubuvumo bwa mbere bw’Abahinde.

Palm Beach ku nkombe y’iburengerazuba bwa Aruba nicyo kibanza gikurura ba mukerarugendo kuri iki kirwa, gifite kilometero 10 z’umusenyi wera uhoraho hamwe ninyanja Amazu y'ibiruhuko arazwi kandi afite izina rya Turquoise Coast.

Imijyi minini

Ivanguramoko rishingiye ku moko rya Aruba bivuze ko naryo ritandukanye mu muco. Usibye ingaruka z’igihugu cyacyo, Ubuholandi, benshi Umuco wibindi bihugu byuburayi ndetse na Afrika urashobora kubibona hano. Mu myaka yashize, umubare munini w’abakerarugendo b’abanyamerika (bangana na batandatu muri 700.000 buri mwaka) bazanye umuco w’Abanyamerika. Ariko hari n'impungenge z'uko ubwiyongere bukabije bw’umubare w’abakerarugendo buzatera ingaruka kuri iki kirwa, bityo hakaganiriweho ingamba zo kugabanya umubare w’abakerarugendo.

Palm Beach ku nkombe y’iburengerazuba bwa Aruba nicyo kibanza gikurura ba mukerarugendo kuri iki kirwa, gifite kilometero 10 z’umusenyi wera uhoraho hamwe ninyanja Amazu y'ibiruhuko arazwi kandi afite izina rya Turquoise Coast.

Ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Queen Beatrix, giherereye mu nkengero z’umurwa mukuru, Oranjestad, gifite ingendo nyinshi mu mijyi minini iri ku nkombe z’iburasirazuba bwa Amerika. Inzira mpuzamahanga ninzira yoroshye yo kujya muri Aruba.