New Zealand ili kumwera kwa Pacific, pakati pa Antarctica ndi equator. Kuyang'ana ku Australia kudutsa Nyanja ya Tasman kumadzulo, Tonga ndi Fiji kumpoto. New Zealand ili ndi North Island, South Island, Stewart Island ndi zilumba zazing'ono zina zapafupi, zomwe zimakhudza malo opitilira 270,000 kilomita. New Zealand imadziwika ndi "wobiriwira" .Ngakhale gawoli ndi lamapiri, mapiri ndi zitunda zimawerengera zoposa 75% ya madera ake onse, koma nayi nyengo yam'nyanja yotentha, yopanda kutentha pang'ono m'nyengo zinayi, kukula kwa mbewu kumakhala kotetemera, msipu wachilengedwe kapena minda ili mderalo. theka. Nkhalango zazikulu ndi malo odyetserako ziweto zimapangitsa New Zealand kukhala wobiriwira wobiriwira. New Zealand ili ndi mphamvu zambiri zamagetsi zamagetsi, ndipo 80% yamagetsi amdzikoli ndi magetsi. Dera la nkhalango limakhala pafupifupi 29% yamalo mdzikolo, ndipo chilengedwe ndi chabwino kwambiri. Chilumba cha North Island chili ndi mapiri ambiri komanso akasupe otentha, ndipo South Island ili ndi madzi oundana ambiri komanso nyanja zambiri.

New Zealand imagawidwa m'magawo 12, okhala ndi oyang'anira zigawo 74 (kuphatikiza maholo amzinda 15, makhonsolo a 58 ndi Nyumba Yamalamulo ya Chatham Islands). Madera 12 ndi: Northland, Auckland, Waikato, Plenty Bay, Hawke's Bay, Taranaki, Manawatu-Wanganui, Wellington, West Bank, Canterbury, Otago ndi Southland.

A Maori anali oyamba kukhala ku New Zealand. M'zaka za zana la 14 AD, a Maori adabwera ku New Zealand kuchokera ku Polynesia kudzakhazikika ndikukhala nzika zoyambirira ku New Zealand.Anagwiritsa ntchito liwu lachi Polynesia \ "aotearoa \" kupanga dzina lake, lomwe limatanthauza "malo obiriwira okhala ndi mitambo yoyera." Mu 1642, woyendetsa sitima waku Dutch a Abel Tasman adafika apa ndikuutcha "New Zeeland". Kuyambira mu 1769 mpaka 1777, woyendetsa ndege wa ku Britain James Cook anapita ku New Zealand kasanu kuti akafufuze ndi kujambula mapu. Pambuyo pake, aku Britain adasamukira kumalo ano ambiri ndipo adalengeza zakulanda New Zealand, ndikusintha dzina lachi Dutch pachilumbachi "New Zeeland" kukhala Chingerezi "New Zealand". Mu 1840, Britain idaphatikizanso malowa mdera la Britain. Mu 1907, Britain idavomera ufulu wodziyimira pawokha ku New Zealand ndipo idayamba kulamulidwa ndi Commonwealth. Ndale, zachuma, komanso zokambirana zidali m'manja mwa Britain. Mu 1931, Nyumba Yamalamulo yaku Britain idapereka Westminster Act. Malinga ndi izi, New Zealand idapeza ufulu wodziyimira pawokha mu 1947 ndipo imakhalabe membala wa Commonwealth.

Mbendera yadziko: kachetechete wopingasa wokhala ndi kutalika kwa kutalika kwake m'lifupi mwa 2: 1. Mbendera ili ndi buluu lakuda, kumanzere kumanzere ndi mtundu wofiira ndi woyera wa "mita" ya mbendera yaku Britain, ndipo pali nyenyezi zinayi zofiira zisanu zosongoka zokhala ndi malire oyera kumanja. New Zealand ndi membala wa Commonwealth of Nations. Mitundu yofiira ndi yoyera ya "mpunga" ikuwonetsa ubale wachikhalidwe ndi United Kingdom; nyenyezi zinayi zikuyimira Southern Cross, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti dzikolo lili kumwera kwa dziko lapansi, komanso likuyimira ufulu ndi chiyembekezo.

New Zealand ili ndi anthu 4.177 miliyoni (Marichi 2007). Mwa iwo, mbadwa za omwe adasamukira ku Europe anali 78.8%, Maori anali 14.5%, ndipo Asiya anali 6.7%. Anthu 75% amakhala ku North Island. Chiwerengero cha anthu mdera la Auckland ndi 30.7% ya anthu onse mdzikolo. Chiwerengero cha anthu okhala likulu la Wellington, chimakhala pafupifupi 11% ya anthu onse mdzikolo. Auckland ndiye mzinda wokhala ndi anthu ambiri mdzikolo; Christchurch ku South Island ndiye mzinda wachiwiri waukulu mdzikolo. Ziyankhulo zovomerezeka ndi Chingerezi ndi Chimaori. General English, Maori amalankhula Maori. Anthu 70% amakhulupirira Chiprotestanti ndi Chikatolika.

New Zealand ndi dziko lotukuka pachuma, ndipo kuweta ziweto ndiye maziko a chuma chake.Zogulitsa zaku New Zealand zogulitsa ndi kuweta ziweto zimawerengera 50% yazogulitsa zake zonse, komanso zogulitsa kunja kwa nyama zamkaka, mkaka komanso ubweya wowuma wa nambala 1 padziko lapansi. Chimodzi. New Zealand ndiyomwe imapanga komanso kugulitsa kunja kwa velvet padziko lonse lapansi, ndikupanga kwake kumawerengera 30% yazonse zapadziko lonse lapansi. Mchere womwe umayikidwa makamaka umaphatikizapo malasha, golide, miyala yachitsulo, gasi, komanso siliva, manganese, tungsten, phosphate, ndi mafuta, koma nkhokwezo sizazikulu. Malo osungira mafuta ndi matani 30 miliyoni ndipo nkhokwe zachilengedwe ndi ma cubic metres 170 biliyoni. Zida za nkhalango ndizochulukirapo, zokhala ndi nkhalango za mahekitala 8.1 miliyoni, zomwe zimawerengera 30% ya malo mdzikolo, pomwe mahekitala 6.3 miliyoni ndi nkhalango zachilengedwe ndipo mahekitala 1.8 miliyoni ndi nkhalango zongopangira.Zinthu zazikuluzikulu ndi mitengo, mitengo yozungulira, zamkati zamatabwa, mapepala ndi matabwa. Zochuluka za nsomba.

Makampani a New Zealand amatsogolera ntchito zaulimi, nkhalango ndi ziweto, makamaka mafakitale opepuka monga mkaka, zofunda, chakudya, vinyo, zikopa, fodya, mapepala ndi kukonza nkhuni, ndipo zotsalazo ndizogulitsa kunja. Ulimi umagwira ntchito kwambiri. Zokolola zazikulu ndi tirigu, balere, phala ndi zipatso. Chakudya sichingakhale chokwanira chokha ndipo chikuyenera kuchokera ku Australia. Makampani opanga ziweto ndi maziko a chuma cha New Zealand. Malo owetera ziweto ndi mahekitala 13.52 miliyoni, omwe amawerengera theka la dzikolo. Zakudya za mkaka ndi nyama ndizofunikira kwambiri zatsopano zogulitsa kunja. Kuchuluka kwa ubweya wamphesa koyamba kukhala woyamba padziko lapansi, kuwerengera 25% yazomwe zapangidwa padziko lonse lapansi. New Zealand ili ndi nsomba zambiri ndipo ndi gawo lachinayi padziko lonse lapansi lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi. New Zealand ili ndi malo abwino, nyengo yabwino, malo okongola, komanso zokopa alendo m'dziko lonselo. Ku New Zealand kuli kusintha kwakukulu: North Island ili ndi mapiri ambiri komanso akasupe otentha, ndipo chilumba cha South Island chili ndi madzi oundana ambiri komanso nyanja. Mwa zina, mawonekedwe apadera a Phiri la Ruapehu ku North Island ndi mapiri 14 ozungulira amapanga malo osowa kwambiri ophulika apadziko lapansi. Pali akasupe opitilira 1,000 otentha kwambiri omwe amafalitsidwa pano. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya akasupe otentha, fumaroles, mayiwe owira am'matope ndi ma geys amapatsa chidwi chodabwitsa ku New Zealand. Ndalama zapa alendo zokopa alendo zimawerengera pafupifupi 10% ya GDP yaku New Zealand, ndipo ndi bizinesi yachiwiri yayikulu kwambiri yopezera ndalama zakunja pambuyo pa mkaka.

Wellington: Likulu la New Zealand, Wellington (Wellington) lili kumapeto kwenikweni kwa North Island ku New Zealand, kutsamwa kukhosi kwa Cook Strait. Wazunguliridwa ndi zitunda zobiriwira mbali zitatu, moyang'anizana ndi nyanja mbali imodzi, ndikugwira Port Nicholson m'manja mwake. Mzinda wonse wadzaza ndi masamba obiriwira, mpweya wabwino, komanso nyengo zinayi zili ngati kasupe. Wellington ili mdera lamkati, kupatula malo athyathyathya pafupi ndi nyanja, mzinda wonse wamangidwa pamapiri. Chivomerezi chachikulu mu 1855 chinawononga doko. Wellington tsopano yamangidwanso pambuyo pa 1948. Chiwerengero cha anthu 424,000 (Disembala 2001).

M'zaka za zana la 10 AD, Apolinesiya adakhazikika pano. Britain itasainirana pangano ndi kholo lakale la Maori ku 1840, ambiri ochokera ku Britain adabwera kuno. Poyamba, aku Britain adatcha malowo "Britania", kutanthauza "malo ku UK". Pambuyo pake, tawuniyo idakulitsidwa pang'onopang'ono mpaka pano. Tawuniyi idapatsidwa dzina la Duke wa Wellington, nyenyezi yaku Britain yomwe idagonjetsa Napoleon ku 1815, ndipo idasankhidwa kukhala likulu ku 1865.

Wellington ndi likulu landale, mafakitale komanso zachuma ku New Zealand. Doko la Nicholson ku Wellington ndiye doko lachiwiri lalikulu mdzikolo pambuyo pa Auckland, ndipo limatha kukhala ndi zombo zokwana matani 10,000.

Wellington ndi malo okaona malo okaona malo ku Pacific Ocean. Nyumba zakale zomwe zidasungidwa mumzindawu zikuphatikiza nyumba yaboma yomwe idamangidwa mu 1876. Ndi amodzi mwa nyumba zokongola kwambiri zamatabwa ku South Pacific, nyumba yotchuka ya Paul Cathedral yomwe idamangidwa mu 1866, ndi holo yamzinda yomwe idamangidwa mu 1904. Chikumbutso chodziwika bwino chankhondo chidamangidwa mu 1932. Pali mabelu 49 pa carillon. Pali phiri lowoneka bwino la Victoria kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Wellington City, ndi Caingaro National Artificial Forest kumpoto kwa Victoria Mountain.Ili ndi malo okwana mahekitala 150,000 komanso otambalala makilomita opitilira 100. Ndi nkhalango yayikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Auckland: Mzinda waukulu kwambiri ku New Zealand ndi doko lalikulu kwambiri, Auckland (Auckland) lili pachilumba chopapatiza cha Auckland pakati pa Waitemata Bay ndi Manakao Port ku North Island ya New Zealand, ndipo ndi makilomita 26 okha. Mzindawu wonse wamangidwa ndi phulusa laphalaphala, ndipo pali mapiri komanso mapiri pafupifupi 50 omwe asowa m'derali. Ku Auckland kuli nyengo yabwino komanso kumagwa mvula yambiri. Mtsinje wa Waikato kumwera kwa mzindawu ndi amodzi mwa malo olemera kwambiri ku New Zealand.

Auckland ndiye malo opangira mafakitale ku New Zealand, kuphatikiza zovala, nsalu, chakudya, zida zamagetsi, mipando, chitsulo, ndi zina zambiri, komanso zomangira, kupanga makina, kupanga zombo, ndi mafakitale opanga shuga. Auckland ili ndi mayendedwe abwino ndipo ndi malo oyendetsera kayendedwe ka nyanja ndi ndege. Njanji ndi misewu ikuluikulu yolumikizidwa kumadera onse adzikoli. Doko ndi njira yolowera ndiyomwe ili yoyamba mdzikolo. Njira zopita ku South Pacific, East Asia, ndi mayiko kapena zigawo zambiri ku Europe ndi America. Pali eyapoti yayikulu kwambiri mdziko muno ku Mangele. Zikhalidwe zazikulu mumzinda zikuphatikizapo War Memorial Museum, Auckland City Art Gallery, Public Library, Auckland University, City Hall ndi Aphunzitsi Ophunzitsira. Pali magombe, malo ochitira gofu, mabwalo amasewera, mapaki ndi malo otetezedwa posambira ndi kusewera.

Auckland ndi mzinda wokongola wamaluwa wokhala ndi malo otsogola otsogola. Pali paki yayikulu kwambiri yamtchire ku South Pacific, Auckland Lion Park, malo osewerera kwambiri ku New Zealand, "Rainbow Wonderland", malo ogulitsira vinyo okhala ndi vinyo wonunkhira, komanso "dziko lapansi pansi pamadzi" lomwe limalumikiza nyama ndi nyama zam'madzi. Pali zowonetsa kuchokera kwa makolo aku Maori. Handicrafts History Museum of China ilinso ndi malo osungiramo zinthu zakale amakono omwe akuwonetsa zatsopano za mayendedwe ndi ukadaulo. Doko la Waitemata ndi Manakau Harbor, lomwe likuzungulira Auckland, ndi malo omwe anthu ambiri amapita kunyanja. Kumapeto kwa mlungu uliwonse, m'mbali mwa buluu, mumayenda mabwato okhala ndi zoyenda zokongola panyanja. Chifukwa chake, Auckland ili ndi mbiri yoti "mzinda wapanyanja".