Peru Cov Ntaub Ntawv Sau Yooj Yim
Sijhawm hauv zos | Koj lub sijhawm |
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Zos cheeb tsam | Sij hawm cheeb tsam sib txawv |
UTC/GMT -5 teev |
latitude / ntev ntev |
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9°10'52"S / 75°0'8"W |
iso encoding |
PE / PER |
txiaj |
Sol (PEN) |
Lus |
Spanish (official) 84.1% Quechua (official) 13% Aymara (official) 1.7% Ashaninka 0.3% other native languages (includes a large number of minor Amazonian languages) 0.7% other (includes foreign languages and sign language) 0.2% (2007 est.) |
hluav taws xob |
Ib hom North America-Nyijpooj 2 koob Hom b US 3-nawj Ntaus c European 2-nawj |
chij teb chaws |
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peev |
Lima |
cov npe hauv txhab cia nyiaj |
Peru cov npe hauv txhab cia nyiaj |
pejxeem |
29,907,003 |
thaj chaw |
1,285,220 KM2 |
GDP (USD) |
210,300,000,000 |
xov tooj |
3,420,000 |
Xov tooj ntawm tes |
29,400,000 |
Tus naj npawb ntawm Is Taws Nem |
234,102 |
Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg siv Is Taws Nem |
9,158,000 |
Peru taw qhia
Peru npog thaj tsam ntawm 1,285,216 square kilometers thiab nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm South America. Nws muaj ciam teb rau Ecuador thiab Colombia nyob rau sab qaum teb, Brazil mus rau sab hnub tuaj, Chile sab qab teb, Chile sab qab teb, Bolivia mus rau sab qab teb, thiab hiav txwv Atlantic nyob rau sab hnub poob. Lub Andes khiav txij sab qaum teb mus rau sab qab teb, thiab cov roob muaj txog 1/3 ntawm thaj chaw hauv lub teb chaws. Ib cheeb tsam tag nrho tau faib ua peb cheeb tsam txij li hnub poob txog rau sab hnub tuaj: thaj chaw ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv sab hnub poob yog thaj chaw ntev thiab nqaim heev uas muaj cov tiaj tiaj sib faib; , Lub chaw yug menyuam ntawm Tus Dej Amazon; sab hnub tuaj yog thaj chaw Amazon hav zoov. [Cov Lus Qhia Hauv Lub Tebchaws] Tebchaws Peru, lub npe tag nrho ntawm cov koom pheej ntawm Peru, muaj thaj tsam ntawm 1,285,200 square km. Nyob hauv thaj av sab hnub poob hauv South America, muaj ciam teb nrog Ecuador thiab Colombia mus rau sab qaum teb, Brazil mus rau sab hnub tuaj, Chile sab qab teb, Bolivia mus rau sab qab teb, thiab hiav txwv Atlantic nyob rau sab hnub poob. Lub ntug hiav txwv yog 2254 mais ntev. Lub Andes khiav txij sab qaum teb mus rau sab qab teb, thiab lub roob muaj 1/3 ntawm lub teb chaws thaj chaw. Thaj chaw tag nrho faib ua peb thaj tsam txij li hnub poob mus rau sab hnub tuaj: thaj chaw hauv thaj chaw sab hnub poob yog thaj chaw nqaim thiab qhov chaw tiaj tiaj sib faib; thaj av hauv toj siab feem ntau yog nruab nrab ntawm lub roob Andes, nrog qhov nruab nrab nce siab txog thaj tsam li 4,300 metres, qhov chaw ntawm Amazon River; sab hnub tuaj yog Amazon Hav zoov thaj chaw. Ob leeg ntawm Coropuna Peak thiab Sarcan Toj siab yog qhov siab dua 6000 meters siab tshaj li ntawm hiav txwv, thiab Huascaran Roob yog 6,768 meters siab tshaj li hiav txwv, uas yog qhov chaw siab tshaj hauv Peru. Cov dej ntws loj yog Ukayali thiab Putumayo. Thaj chaw sab hnub poob ntawm Peru muaj huab cua sov thiab tiaj nyom tiaj nyom, huab cua qhuav thiab me, nrog rau qhov nruab nrab kub txhua xyoo ntawm 12-32 ℃; qhov nruab nrab muaj qhov kub hloov pauv, nrog rau qhov nruab nrab kub txhua xyoo ntawm 1-14 ℃; sab hnub tuaj muaj huab cua kub hav zoov hav zoov nrog qhov nruab nrab kub txhua xyoo ntawm 24-35 ℃. Qhov nruab nrab ntawm kub hauv qhov peev yog 15-25 ℃. Qhov nruab nrab dej nag txhua xyoo yog qis dua 50 hli hauv sab hnub poob, tsawg dua 250 hli hauv nruab nrab, thiab ntau dua 2000 hli hauv sab hnub tuaj. Lub teb chaws tau muab faib ua 24 lub xeev thiab 1 thaj tsam ncaj qha hauv nroog (Callao District). Cov npe ntawm cov xeev yog raws li nram no: Amazon, Ancash, Apurímac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavilica, Vanu Xeev ntawm Córdoba, Ica, Junin, La Libertad, Lambayeque, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Moquegua, Pasco, Xeev ntawm Piura, Puno, San Martin, Tacna, Tumbes, Ucayali. Cov Neeg Qhab nyob hauv tebchaws Peru thaum ub. Hauv xyoo pua 11 AD, cov neeg Isdias Asmesliskas tau tsim "Inca faj tim teb chaws" nyob rau hauv toj siab nrog Cusco City ua lawv lub peev. Ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej thaum ub uas tsim lub teb chaws Asmeskas nyob rau thaum ntxov 15-16 pua-tus Inca civilisation. Nws tau los ua haiv neeg Spanish nyob rau hauv 1533. Lub nroog Lima tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1535, thiab Tsoom Fwv Tebchaws ntawm Tsoom Fwv Tebchaws Peru tau tsim tsa thaum xyoo 1544, dhau los ua qhov chaw ntawm txoj cai lij choj hauv haiv neeg Spanish hauv South America. Kev ywj pheej tau tshaj tawm thaum Lub Xya Hli 28, 1821 thiab Republic Republic Peru tau tsim. Xyoo 1835, Bolivia thiab Peru sib koom ua ke los tsim daim Peru-Bolivia Confederation. Lub Confederacy vau hlo thaum xyoo 1839. Kev ua cev qhev tau tshem tawm xyoo 1854. Cov pej xeem ntawm Peru yog 27.22 lab (2005). Ntawm lawv, Isdias Asmesliskas suav txog 41%, Indo-European sib xyaw yog 36%, cov neeg dawb tau 19%, thiab lwm haiv neeg muaj txog 4%. Cov lus Spanish yog hom lus hauv lub xeev. Quechua, Aimara thiab ntau dua 30 lwm cov lus ntawm Indian yog siv nyob rau qee qhov chaw. 96% ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv tsev ntseeg Catholicism. Peru yog lub teb chaws ua liaj ua teb ib txwm muaj thiab tsuas muaj kev lag luam nruab nrab hauv Latin America. "Peru" txhais tau tias "Khw pob kws" hauv Indian. Muaj nplua nuj nyob hauv cov zaub mov thiab ntau dua li nws tus kheej hauv cov roj. Cov kev zais cia yog nplua nuj nyob hauv cov peev txheej thiab yog ib qho ntawm 12 lub ntiaj teb cov mining loj tshaj plaws. Feem ntau suav nrog tooj liab, txhuas, zinc, nyiaj, hlau thiab roj av. Cov peev txheej ntawm bismuth thiab vanadium qeb thib ib hauv ntiaj teb, tooj liab yog qeb thib peb, thiab nyiaj thiab zinc qib plaub. Cov khoom pov thawj tam sim no ntawm cov roj yog 400 lab tej kas tham thiab cov nkev yog 710 billion cubic feet. Tus txheej txheem them cov hav zoov yog 58%, npog thaj tsam ntawm 77.1 lab hectares, thib ob tsuas yog Brazil hauv South America. Khoom siv dej thiab dej hiav txwv muaj kev nplua nuj heev. Txoj kev lag luam zais cia yog feem ntau ua thiab kev lag luam sib sau ua ke. Kev zais cia tseem yog neeg ntiaj teb cov tseem ceeb tsim ntses ntses thiab roj ntses. Peru yog qhov chaw yug ntawm Inca kab lis kev cai thiab muaj kev nplua nuj nyob rau hauv kev ncig xyuas peev. Cov kev ncig xyuas tseem ceeb yog Lima Plaza, Torre Tagle Palace, Tsev khaws puav pheej kub, Cusco City, Machu-Pichu Ruins, thiab lwm yam. [Lub Nroog Tseem Ceeb] Lima: Lima, lub nroog ntawm koom pheej ntawm Peru thiab peev ntawm Lima Province, hla thoob plaws sab qab teb thiab sab qaum teb ntawm tus ntug dej Lima. Lima lub npe yog los ntawm Lima Dej ntws. Muaj San Cristobal Mountain rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj thiab Callao, yog lub nroog chaw nres nkoj ntawm Pacific ntug dej hiav txwv mus rau sab hnub poob. Lima tau tsim tsa hauv 1535 thiab nws yog lub sijhawm ntev tshaj plaws ntawm Spain hauv tebchaws Asmeskas. Xyoo 1821, Peru ua ywj siab raws li nws lub peev. Cov pej xeem yog 7.8167 lab (2005). Lima yog lub ntiaj teb nto moo "tsis muaj nag nroog". Tsis muaj los nag hauv txhua lub caij. Tsuas yog nruab nrab ntawm Lub Kaum Ob Hlis thiab Lub Ib Hlis ntawm lub xyoo, muaj ntau cov huab khov hnyav tsim los ntawm cov huab thiab tuab thiab huab, thiab txhua xyoo nag lossis daus tsuas yog 10-50 hli. Cov huab cua nyob ntawm no zoo li lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav txhua xyoo, nrog qhov nruab nrab txhua hli kub ntawm 16 degrees Celsius thaum lub sijhawm txias tshaj plaws thiab 23.5 degrees Celsius nyob rau lub sijhawm sov tshaj. Lub nroog Lima tau faib ua ob ntu, qub thiab tshiab. Lub nroog qub nyob rau sab qaum teb, ze rau ntawm Rímak River, thiab tau tsim tsa thaum lub sijhawm colonial. Muaj ntau ntau lub xwm fab hauv lub nroog qub, thiab nws qhov chaw yog "Armed Plaza". Los ntawm cov square, txoj kev pua nrog pob zeb loj pob zeb tawg rau txhua lub ces kaum ntawm lub nroog. Muaj qee cov tuam tsev siab nyob ib puag ncig square, xws li tsoomfwv lub tsev tsim ua ib feem ntawm Pizarro Palace xyoo 1938, Lima Kev Tsim Lub Tsev Nruab Nrab tsim nyob rau xyoo 1945 thiab ntau lub khw muag khoom. Los ntawm lub xwmfab mus rau sab qab teb sab hnub poob, dhau los ntawm cov chaw lag luam uas vam meej tshaj plaws Avenue Uniang (Kev Koom Kev Koom Tes), mus txog ntawm San Martin Square, uas yog qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov peev. Nyob rau ntawm cov square sawv kev caij nees ntawm tus pej thuam General Martin, tus neeg ua yeeb yam hauv lub tebchaws uas tsim txoj haujlwm zoo hauv Asmeskas Kev Tawm Tsam Rov Qab Los, thiab muaj txoj kev dav nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov square, Via Nicolas de Pierola. Nyob rau sab hnub poob kawg ntawm txoj kev yog "May 2 Square". Tsis deb ntawm lub xwmfab yog University of San Marcos, yog ib lub tsev kawm qib siab tshaj plaws hauv Latin America. Mus rau sab qab teb ntawm thaj tsam mus rau Bolognese Square. Txoj kev dav ntawm ob lub xwm fab yog thaj chaw lag luam ntawm lub nroog tshiab. Muaj ntau lub tsev khaws puav pheej ncig Bolivar Square hauv Nroog Tshiab. Kuj tseem muaj lub npe nrov Peruvian "Kub Tsev khaws puav pheej" nyob sab nrauv ntawm Lima. |