Bangladesh covers an area of ​​147,600 square kilometers and is located on the delta formed by the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers in the northeast of the South Asian subcontinent. It borders India on three sides to the east, west and north, borders Myanmar to the southeast, and the Bay of Bengal to the south. The coastline is 550 kilometers long. 85% of the entire territory is plains, and the southeast and northeast are hilly areas. Most of the regions have a subtropical monsoon climate, humid, hot and rainy. Bangladesh is known as the "land of waters" and "country of river ponds", and it is one of the countries with the densest rivers in the world.

Overview

Bangladesh, known as the People’s Republic of Bangladesh, covers an area of ​​147,570 square kilometers. Located in the delta formed by the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers in the northeast of the South Asian subcontinent. It borders India on three sides to the east, west and north, borders Myanmar to the southeast and the Bay of Bengal to the south. The coastline is 550 kilometers long. 85% of the entire territory is plains, and the southeast and northeast are hilly areas. Most areas have a subtropical monsoon climate, humid, hot and rainy. The whole year is divided into winter (November to February), summer (March to June) and rainy season (July to October). The annual average temperature is 26.5°C. Winter is the most pleasant season of the year. The lowest temperature is 4°C, the highest temperature in summer reaches 45°C, and the average temperature in the rainy season is 30°C. Bangladesh is known as the "land of waters" and "country of river ponds", and it is one of the countries with the densest rivers in the world. There are more than 230 large and small rivers in the country, which are mainly divided into the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Megna rivers. The upper reaches of the Brahmaputra River is the Yarlung Zangbo River in our country. The total length of the inland waterway is about 6000 kilometers. Not only are rivers criss-crossed and dense as cobwebs, but there are also numerous ponds dotted around the country. There are about 500,000 to 600,000 ponds in the country, with an average of about 4 ponds per square kilometer, like a bright mirror inlaid on the ground. The beautiful Bangladeshi flower-water lily can be seen everywhere in the water net swamp.

The country is divided into six administrative districts: Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna, Rajshahi, Barisal, and Sillet, with 64 counties.

The Bengali ethnic group is one of the ancient ethnic groups in the South Asian subcontinent. The Bangladesh region has established an independent state several times, and its territory once included the states of West Bengal and Bihar in India. In the 16th century, Bangladesh has developed into the most densely populated, economically developed and culturally prosperous area on the subcontinent. In the mid-18th century, it became the center of British colonial rule over India. It became a province of British India in the second half of the 19th century. In 1947, India and Pakistan were divided. Bangladesh was divided into two parts: East and West. The west belonged to India and the east belonged to Pakistan. Dongba declared independence in March 1971, and the People's Republic of Bangladesh was formally established in January 1972.

The national flag: It is rectangular with a ratio of length to width of 5:3. The flag ground is dark green with a red round wheel in the center. The dark green symbolizes the vigorous and vigorous green earth of the motherland, and symbolizes youthful vigor and prosperity; the red wheel symbolizes the dawn after the dark night of bloody struggle. The entire flag is like a broad plain rising up a red sun, implying the bright prospects and infinite vitality of this young republic of Bangladesh.

Bangladesh has a population of 131 million (April 2005), making it the most densely populated country in the world. The Bengali ethnic group accounts for 98% and is one of the ancient ethnic groups in the South Asian subcontinent, with more than 20 ethnic minorities. Bengali is the national language and English is the official language. Those who believe in Islam (the state religion) account for 88.3%, and those who believe in Hinduism account for 10.5%.

About 85% of Bangladesh’s population lives in rural areas. Due to historical reasons and huge population pressure, it is currently one of the least developed countries in the world. The national economy mainly depends on agriculture. The main agricultural products are tea, rice, wheat, sugar cane and jute. Bangladesh has limited mineral resources. Natural resources are mainly natural gas. The announced natural gas reserves are 311.39 billion cubic meters and coal reserves are 750 million tons. The forest area is about 2 million hectares and the forest coverage rate is 13.4%. The industry is dominated by hemp, leather, clothing, cotton textiles and chemicals. Heavy industry is weak and manufacturing is underdeveloped. The employed population accounts for about 8% of the country's total labor force. The climate of Bangladesh is very suitable for the growth of jute. As early as the early 16th century, local farmers planted jute in large quantities. Its jute is not only high in yield, but also excellent in texture. The fiber is long, flexible and shiny. Especially the jute that has been immersed in the clear water of the Brahmaputra River has high yield, excellent texture, beautiful and soft color, and has "golden fiber". Called. The production of jute is the lifeblood of Bangladesh's economy. The export of jute takes the first place, and the average annual output accounts for about one-third of the world's output.

Main cities

Dhaka: Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, is located on the north bank of the Briganga River in the Ganges Delta. The climate here is warm and humid, with 2500 mm of rainfall during the rainy season. Banana trees, mango forests and various other trees are everywhere in the city and suburbs. Dhaka was built in 1608 by Subedah-Islam Khan, Governor of Bengal of the Mughal Empire, and fell to the hands of Britain in 1765. From 1905-1912, it was the capital of East Bengal and Assam Province. It became the capital of East Pakistan in 1947. It became the capital of Bangladesh in 1971.

There are many places of interest in the city, including the Bala-Katra Palace built in 1644, which is the son of the Mughal Emperor Shaj Khan Built by Sha Shujie, it was a square building surrounded by four sides, which was used to house the Eastern National Caravan. It is now abandoned. Sulawadi-Udeyan Park is the place where Bangladesh was declared officially independent on March 7, 1971. Laleba Fort is a three-story ancient fort. The fort was built in 1678. The south gate has some slender minarets. There are many hidden passages and a magnificent mosque in the fort, but the whole fort is not fully completed. The reception hall and bathroom of Nawab-Syaistakhan are exquisite in style. It is now a museum and displays artifacts from the Mughal period. The tomb of Bibi-Pali Mausoleum died in 1684. It was built with Rajputana marble, Central India grey sandstone and Bihar black basalt, modeled after the Indian Taj Mahal.

Dhaka is known as the "city of mosques". There are more than 800 mosques in the city, mainly including the Star Mosque and Bayt Ur-Mukalam Mosques, Sagambu Mosque, Qiding Mosque, etc. There is also the Dakswari Temple of Hinduism. Among them, the Bayt-Mukalam Mosque, which was founded in 1960, is the largest and can be used by tens of thousands of people to worship at the same time.