I-Bangladesh igubungela indawo ye-147,600 yeekhilomitha kwaye ibekwe kwi-delta eyenziwe yi-Ganges kunye ne-Brahmaputra Rivers kumantla mpuma e-South Asia subcontinent. Imida iIndiya kumacala amathathu ukuya empuma, entshona nasemantla, imida iMyanmar ukuya emzantsi mpuma, kunye neBay yaseBengal emazantsi.Umda wonxweme ziikhilomitha ezingama-550 ubude. I-85% yommandla wonke ungamathafa, kwaye umzantsi-mpuma kunye nomntla mpuma ziinduli.Iindawo ezininzi zinemozulu yemvula eshushu, efumileyo, eshushu nemvula. IBangladesh yaziwa njenge "mhlaba wamanzi" kunye "nelizwe lamachibi emilambo" kwaye lelinye lamazwe anemilambo eshinyeneyo emhlabeni.

Ugqaliselo

I-Bangladesh, eyaziwa njenge-People's Republic of Bangladesh, igubungela ummandla we-147,570 yeekhilomitha. Ifumaneka kwintlambo eyenziwe yimilambo yeGanges kunye neBrahmaputra kumantla mpuma eSouth Asia. Imida iIndiya kumacala amathathu ukuya empuma, entshona nasemantla, imida iMyanmar ukuya emzantsi mpuma kunye neBay of Bengal emazantsi. Unxweme luziikhilomitha ezingama-550 ubude. I-85% yommandla wonke ungamathafa, kwaye i-mpuma-mpuma kunye nomntla mpuma ziinduli. Iindawo ezininzi zinemozulu yemozulu efudumeleyo, efumileyo, eshushu nemvula. Unyaka wonke wohlulwe ngobusika (ngoNovemba ukuya kuFebruwari), ehlotyeni (ngoMatshi ukuya kuJuni) nexesha lemvula (ngoJulayi ukuya ku-Okthobha). Iqondo lobushushu lonyaka ngama-26.5 ° C. Ubusika lelona xesha lonyaka limnandi kwelona xesha, elona zinga lisezantsi ngu-4 ° C, elona hlobo lobushushu liphezulu ehlobo lifikelela kuma-45 ° C, kwaye iqondo lobushushu eliphakathi kumaxesha emvula ngama-30 ° C. IBangladesh yaziwa njenge "mhlaba wamanzi" kunye "nelizwe lamachibi emilambo", kwaye lelinye lamazwe anemilambo emide kakhulu emhlabeni. Kukho imilambo engaphezu kwama-230 emikhulu nemincinci kweli lizwe, yona yahlulwe yangamanzi amathathu: iGanges, iBrahmaputra neMegna. Ukufikelela okuphezulu koMlambo iBrahmaputra nguMlambo iYarlung Zangbo kwilizwe lethu. Ubude bebonke bendlela engaphakathi elizweni imalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-6000. Ayipheleli nje ekuwelweni yimilambo kwaye ixinene njengee-cobwebs, kodwa kukwakho namachibi amaninzi achaphazelwe kwilizwe liphela.Kukho malunga namachibi angama-500,000 ukuya kuma-600,000 elizweni, ngomndilili wamachibi amalunga ne-4 ngekhilomitha nganye, njengesipili esiqaqambileyo esibekwe emhlabeni. Intyatyambo entle yaseBangladeshi yeentyatyambo inokubonwa kuyo yonke indawo kumgxobhozo wamanzi.

Ilizwe lahlulwe langamacandelo amathandathu olawulo: iDhaka, Chittagong, Khulna, Rajshahi, Barisal, kunye neSillet, ezinamakhaya angama-64.

Iqela lesizwe laseBengali lelinye lamaqela amandulo kwiZwekazi laseAsia. Umda we-Bangladesh umisele ilizwe elizimeleyo amatyeli aliqela, kwaye ummandla wayo wawukhe waquka amazwe ase West Bengal kunye neBihar e-India. Kwinkulungwane ye-16th, iBangladesh iphucukile yayindawo enabemi abaninzi, ephucukileyo kwezoqoqosho kunye nenkcubeko yenkcubeko kweli lizwekazi. Phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-18, yaba liziko lolawulo lobukoloniyali baseBritane eIndiya. Yaba liphondo lase-Bhritane i-India kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane ye-19. Ngo-1947 i-Indiya nePakistan zahlulwa, iBangladesh yahlulwahlulwahlulwahlulwahlulwahlulwa kubini: iMpuma neNtshona, Intshona yeIndiya, iMpuma yayiyePakistan. UDongba wabhengeza inkululeko ngo-Matshi 1971, kwaye i-People's Republic of Bangladesh yasekwa ngokusesikweni ngoJanuwari 1972.

IBangladesh inabemi abazizigidi ezili-131 (ngo-Epreli 2005), iyenza ukuba ibe lelona lizwe linabantu abaninzi ehlabathini. Iqela leBangali lenza i-98% kwaye lelinye lamaqela amandulo eSouth Asia subcontinent, elinabantu abangaphezulu kwama-20. IsiBengali lulwimi lwesizwe kwaye isiNgesi lulwimi olusemthethweni. Abo bakholelwa kwi-Islam (inkolo yaseburhulumenteni) benza i-88.3%, kwaye abo bakholelwa kubuHindu benza i-10.5%.

Malunga ne-85% yabemi base-Bangladesh bahlala ezilalini.Ngenxa yezizathu zembali noxinzelelo olukhulu lwabemi, okwangoku lelinye lawona mazwe aphucukileyo kwihlabathi. Uqoqosho lwesizwe ikakhulu luxhomekeke kwezolimo. Ezona mveliso ziphambili zezolimo yiti, irayisi, ingqolowa, iswekile kunye nejute. I-Bangladesh inemithombo encinci yezimbiwa.Izixhobo zendalo ikakhulu yigesi yendalo.Umthombo wegesi yendalo obhengeziweyo yi-311.39 yezigidigidi zeekyubhi kwaye oovimba bamalahle ziitoni ezingama-750 ezigidi. Indawo yehlathi imalunga nezigidi ezi-2 zehektare, kwaye inqanaba lamahlathi li-13.4%. Umzi mveliso ulawulwa yi-hemp, ulusu, impahla, amalaphu ekotoni kunye neekhemikhali.Umzi mveliso onzima ubuthathaka kwaye ushishino lokuvelisa aluphuhlanga. Imozulu yaseBangladesh ilunge kakhulu ekukhuleni kwejute. Kwasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-16, amafama endawo atyala i-jute ngesixa esikhulu. Ijute yayo ayiphelelanga kwisivuno sodwa, kodwa ikwagqwesa ekwakhiweni. Ifayibha inde, iyabhetyebhetye kwaye iyakhazimla. Ingakumbi ijute ethe yatshona emanzini acacileyo oMlambo i-Brahmaputra inesivuno esikhulu, ubume obugqwesileyo, umbala omhle kwaye uthambile, kwaye ine "fiber yegolide". Ebizwa. Imveliso yejute ligazi lobomi kuqoqosho lweBangladesh.Ukuthunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe kwejute kuthatha indawo yokuqala.Umndilili wemveliso yonyaka ubala malunga ne-1/3 yeziphumo zehlabathi.

Iidolophu eziphambili

IDhaka: IDhaka, idolophu elikomkhulu laseBangladesh, ibekwe kunxweme olusemantla loMlambo iBriganga kwiGanges Delta. Imozulu yalapha ifudumele kwaye ifumile, ine-2500 mm yemvula ngexesha leemvula. Imithi yeebhanana, imiango yeemango, kunye neminye imithi eyahlukeneyo ikho kuyo yonke indawo esixekweni. IDhaka yakhiwa ngo-1608 ngu-Subedah-Islam Khan, iRhuluneli yaseBengal yoBukhosi bukaMughal, yaza yawela ezandleni ze-Bhritane ngo-1765. Ukusuka kwi-1905-1912, yayilikomkhulu le-East Bengal kunye nePhondo lase-Assam. Yaba likomkhulu leMpuma Pakistan ngo-1947. Yaba likomkhulu laseBangladesh ngo-1971.

Zininzi iindawo ezinomdla esixekweni, kubandakanya neBhala-Katra Palace eyakhiwe ngo-1644, engunyana ka-Mughal Emperor Shajhan Eyakhelwe nguSha Shujie, yayisisakhiwo esisisikwere esirhangqwe ngamacala amane, esasisetyenziselwa ukugcina iQela leSizwe laseMpuma. IPaki yeSulawadi-Udeyan yindawo apho iBangladesh yabhengezwa ukuba yazimela ngokusesikweni ngoMatshi 7, 1971. I-Fort Laleba yinqaba yamandulo enemigangatho emithathu.I-fort yakhiwa ngo-1678. Isango lasemazantsi linee-minaret ezincinci. Iholo lokwamkela kunye negumbi lokuhlambela likaNawab-Sya Ista Khan zintle ngesimbo. Ngoku iyimyuziyam kwaye ibonisa izinto zakudala ezivela kwixesha likaMughal. Ingcwaba likaBibi-Pali Mausoleum lasweleka ngo-1684. Yakhiwa ngeRabputana marble, Central India grey sandstone and Bihar black basalt, modeled after the Indian Taj Mahal.

IDhaka yaziwa njenge "sixeko semosque" .Zingaphezulu kwe-800 mosque esixekweni, ikakhulu kubandakanya i-Star Mosque kunye ne-Bayt Ur-Mukalam IiMosque, iSagambu Mosque, iQiding Mosque, njl. Kukho iTempile yaseDakswari yamaHindu. Phakathi kwazo, iBasque-Mukalam Mosque, eyasekwa ngonyaka we-1960, yeyona inkulu kwaye inokusetyenziswa ngamashumi amawaka abantu ukunqula ngaxeshanye.