The Congo (Brazzaville) covers an area of ​​342,000 square kilometers. It is located in central and western Africa. It is adjacent to Congo (DRC) and Angola in the east and south, Central Africa and Cameroon in the north, Gabon in the west, and the Atlantic Ocean in the southwest. The coastline is more than 150 kilometers long. The northeast is a plain 300 meters above sea level, which is part of the Congo Basin, the south and northwest are highlands, the southwest is the coastal lowlands, and the Mayongbe Mountains between the highlands and the coastal lowlands. The southern part has a tropical grassland climate, and the central and northern parts have a tropical rain forest climate with high temperature and high humidity.

Overview

Congo, the full name of the Republic of Congo, covers an area of ​​342,000 square kilometers. It is located in central and western Africa, with Congo (Kinshasa) and Angola in the east and south, Central Africa and Cameroon in the north, Gabon in the west, and the Atlantic Ocean in the southwest. The coastline is more than 150 kilometers long. The northeast is a plain with an altitude of 300 meters, which is part of the Congo Basin; the south and northwest are plateaus with a height of 500-1000 meters; the southwest is a coastal lowland; between the plateau and the coastal lowland is the Mayongbe Mountain. Part of the Congo River (Zaire River) and its tributary Ubangi River is the border river with the Democratic Republic of Congo. The tributaries of the Congo River in the territory include the Sanga River and the Likuala River, and the Kuylu River enters the sea alone. The southern part has a tropical grassland climate, and the central and northern parts have a tropical rain forest climate with high temperature and high humidity.

The total population of the Congo is 4 million (2004). Congo is a multi-ethnic country, with 56 nationalities of various sizes. The largest ethnic group is the Congo in the south, accounting for about 45% of the total population; the Mbohi in the north accounted for 16%; the Taikai in the central area accounted for 20%; and a small number of pygmies lived in the virgin forests of the north. The official language is French. The national language is Congo, Monukutuba in the south, and Lingala in the north. More than half of the residents of the country believe in primitive religions, 26% believe in Catholicism, 10% believe in Christianity, and 3% believe in Islam.

The Congo is divided into 10 provinces, 6 municipalities and 83 counties.

At the end of the 13th century and the beginning of the 14th century, the Bantu people established the Kingdom of Congo in the lower reaches of the Congo River. Since the 15th century, Portuguese, British, and French colonists have invaded one after another. In 1884, the Berlin Conference designated the area east of the Congo River as a Belgian colony, which is now Zaire, and the area to the west as a French colony, which is now the Congo. In 1910, France occupied the Congo. It became an autonomous republic in November 1958, but it remained in the "French Community". On August 15, 1960, Congo gained complete independence and was named the Republic of Congo. On June 31, 1968, the country was renamed the People’s Republic of the Congo. In 1991, it was decided to change the name of the country, the People’s Republic of the Congo, to the Republic of the Congo, while resuming the use of the flag and national anthem of the independence.

National flag: It is rectangular with a ratio of length to width of 3:2. The flag surface is composed of three colors of green, yellow and red. The upper left is green, and the lower right is red. A yellow ribbon runs diagonally from the lower left corner to the upper right corner. Green symbolizes forest resources and hope for the future, yellow represents honesty, tolerance and self-esteem, and red represents passion.

The Republic of Congo is very rich in natural resources. In addition to oil and wood, it also has a large number of undeveloped underlying minerals, such as iron (proved iron ore reserves 1 billion tons), potassium, phosphorus, zinc, lead, copper, manganese, gold, uranium and diamonds. The natural gas reserves are 1 trillion cubic meters. There is almost no national industry in Congo, agriculture is backward, food is not self-sufficient, and the economy is generally backward. But in terms of regions, the South is better than the North. Because the Ocean Railway from Pointe Noire to Brazzaville traverses southern Congo, the relatively convenient transportation has promoted the economic development of the areas along the route. Congo’s processing and manufacturing industries are mainly concentrated in the three southern cities of Pointe-Noire, Brazzaville and Enkay.

The Congo River Basin is the second largest tropical rain forest area in the world after the Amazon rainforest. The Congo River is also the second largest river in Africa after the Nile River. The Congo River "corridor" is an important tourist attraction in Central Africa. It depicts the natural and cultural landscapes of the Congo River Basin into a colorful picture. Taking a boat from Brazzaville, the first thing you see is Mbamu Island. This is a sandbar formed by the perennial impact of the Congo River. It is shaded by green trees, blue waves and fine waves, and picturesque, attracting a large number of poets, Painters and foreign tourists. When the ship sails past Maruku-Tresio, it enters the famous "corridor" of the Congo River.