Albania, the full name of the Republic of Albania, covers an area of ​​28,748 square kilometers. Located on the west coast of the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is bordered by Serbia and Montenegro (Yugoslavia) in the north, Macedonia in the northeast, Greece in the southeast, the Adriatic and Ionian Seas in the west, and Italy across the Otranto Strait. The coastline is 472 kilometers long. Mountains and hills account for 3/4 of the country's area, and the western coast is plain. It has a subtropical Mediterranean climate.

　　 Albanians are descendants of the ancient residents of the Balkans, the Ilyans. After the 9th century AD, they were ruled by the Byzantine Empire, the Kingdom of Bulgaria, the Kingdom of Serbia, and the Republic of Venice. An independent feudal duchy was established in 1190. It was invaded by Turkey in 1415 and was ruled by Turkey for nearly 500 years. Independence was declared on November 28, 1912. During the First World War, it was occupied by the armies of Austria-Hungary, Italy, France and other countries. In 1920, Afghanistan again declared its independence. The bourgeois government was established in 1924, the republic was established in 1925, and the monarchy was changed to the monarchy in 1928. Sogu was king until the Italian invasion in April 1939. During World War II, it was successively occupied by Italian and German fascists (invaded by German fascists in 1943). On November 29, 1944, the people of Azerbaijan under the leadership of the Communist Party fought an anti-fascist national liberation war to seize power and liberate the country. On January 11, 1946, the People's Republic of Albania was established. In 1976, the Constitution was amended and the name was changed to the Socialist People's Republic of Albania. In April 1991, a constitutional amendment was passed and the country was renamed the Republic of Albania.

　　 National flag: It is rectangular with a ratio of length to width of 7:5. The flag ground is dark red with a black two-headed eagle painted in the center. Albania is known as the "country of mountain eagles", and the eagle is considered a symbol of the national hero Skanderbeg.

　　 The population of Albania is 3.134 million (2005), of which Albanians account for 98%. The ethnic minorities are mainly Greek, Macedonian, Serbian, Croatian, etc. The official language is Albanian. 70% of residents believe in Islam, 20% believe in Orthodox Church, and 10% believe in Catholicism.

　　Albania is the poorest country in Europe. Half of the country’s population is still engaged in farming, and one-fifth of the population works abroad. The country’s serious economic problems include high unemployment, corruption among senior government officials, and organized crime. Albania receives economic aid from foreign countries, mainly Greece and Italy. Exports are small, and imports are mainly from Greece and Italy. Funds for imported goods mainly come from financial aid and income from refugees working abroad.

　　 Tirana: Tirana, the capital of Albania, is the political, economic, cultural and transportation center of Albania and the capital of Tirana. It is located in the basin on the west side of the Kruya Mountain in the central part of the Issem River, surrounded by mountains to the east, south and north, 27 kilometers west of the Adriatic coastline, and at the end of the fertile central Albania plain. The highest average temperature is 23.5℃ and the lowest is 6.8℃. Most of the residents are Muslims.

　　 Tirana was first built by a Turkish general in the early 17th century. In order to attract immigrants, he established a mosque, a pastry shop and a bath. With the development of transportation and the increase of caravans, Tirana gradually became a commercial center. In 1920, the Lushne Conference decided to make Tirana the capital of Albania. During the reign of King Zog I from 1928 to 1939, Italian architects were hired to re-plan the city of Tirana. After the German and Italian occupation of Albania from 1939 to 1944 ended, the People's Republic of Albania was established in Tirana on January 11, 1946.

　　 After the Second World War, Tirana underwent a large-scale expansion with the assistance of the Soviet Union and China. In 1951, hydropower and thermal power plants were built. Now Tirana has become the country's largest city and main industrial center, with metallurgy, tractor repair, food processing, textile, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, dyes, glass, porcelain and other industries. There is a coal mine near Tirana. There are railway connections to Durres and other places, and there is an international airport.

　　The city is shaded by trees, there are more than 200 parks and street gardens, and several tree-lined avenues radiate from the Skanderbeg Square in the city center. In 1969, on the 23rd anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of Albania, a bronze statue for the Albanian national hero Skanderbeg was completed in Skanderbeg Square. Near the square are the mosque (built in 1819), the royal palace of the Sogu dynasty, the National Liberation War Museum, the Palace of Russian Architecture and Culture, and the National Tirana University. The main part of the east and north of the city is the old town, where most of them are old-fashioned buildings with traditional characteristics. There are theaters, museums and concert halls in the city. Daeti Mountain in the eastern suburbs of the city, 1612 meters high, has a 3,500 hectares of Daeti National Park, surrounded by artificial lakes, open-air theaters and rest homes.