Cambodia, the full name of the Kingdom of Cambodia, covers an area of ​​more than 180,000 square kilometers. It is located in the south of Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia, with Laos to the north, Thailand to the northwest, Vietnam to the east and southeast, and the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest. The coastline is 460 kilometers long. The central and southern parts are plains, the east, north and west are surrounded by mountains and plateaus, and most of the areas are covered by forests. The Aola Mountain in the eastern section of the Cardamom Range is 1813 meters above sea level and is the highest peak in the territory. The Mekong River is about 500 kilometers long in the territory and flows through the east. Tonle Sap Lake is the largest lake in the Indo-China Peninsula, with an area of ​​more than 2500 square kilometers at low water level and 10,000 square kilometers in the rainy season. There are many islands along the coast, mainly Koh Kong Island and Long Island. It has a tropical monsoon climate, with an average annual temperature of 29-30°C, the rainy season from May to October, and the dry season from November to April of the following year. Affected by the terrain and monsoon, the precipitation varies greatly from place to place. The southern tip of Xiangshan Mountain can reach 5400 mm, Phnom Penh About 1000 mm to the east. The country is divided into 20 provinces and 4 municipalities.

The Funan Kingdom was established in the 1st century AD, and in the 3rd century it became a powerful country that ruled the southern part of the Indochina Peninsula. From the end of the 5th century to the beginning of the 6th century, Funan began to decline due to internal disputes among the rulers. At the beginning of the 7th century, it was annexed by Zhenla that rose from the north. The Kingdom of Zhenla has existed for more than 9 centuries. The Angkor Dynasty from the 9th century to the beginning of the 15th century was the heyday of Zhenla's history and created the world-famous Angkor civilization. At the end of the 16th century, Chenla was renamed Cambodia. From then to the mid-nineteenth century, Cambodia was in a period of complete decline and became a vassal state of strong neighbors to Siam and Vietnam. Cambodia became a French protectorate in 1863 and merged into the French Indochina Federation in 1887. Occupied by Japan in 1940. After Japan surrendered in 1945, it was occupied by France. On November 9, 1953, the Kingdom of Cambodia declared its independence.

National flag: It is rectangular with a ratio of length to width of 3:2. It consists of three parallel horizontal rectangles connected together, with a wide red face in the middle, and blue strips on the top and bottom. Red symbolizes good luck and joy, and blue symbolizes light and freedom. In the middle of the red wide face, there is a white Angkor temple with a gold rim. This is a famous Buddhist building that symbolizes Cambodia's long history and ancient culture.

Cambodia has a population of 13.4 million, of which 84.3% are rural and 15.7% are urban. There are more than 20 ethnic groups, of which Khmer people account for 80% of the population, and there are also ethnic minorities such as Cham, Punong, Lao, Thai and Sting. Khmer is a common language, and both English and French are official languages. The state religion is Buddhism. More than 80% of the people in the country believe in Buddhism. Most Cham people believe in Islam, and a few urban residents believe in Catholicism.

Cambodia is a traditional agricultural country with a weak industrial foundation. It is one of the least developed countries in the world. The population living below the poverty line accounts for 28% of the total population. The mineral deposits mainly include gold, phosphate, gems and petroleum, as well as a small amount of iron, coal, lead, manganese, limestone, silver, tungsten, copper, zinc, and tin. Forestry, fishery and animal husbandry are rich in resources. There are more than 200 types of wood, and the total storage volume is about 1.136 billion cubic meters. It is rich in tropical trees such as teak, ironwood, red sandalwood, and many kinds of bamboo. Due to war and deforestation, forest resources have been severely damaged. The forest coverage rate has dropped from 70% of the country's total area to 35%, mainly in the mountainous areas of the east, north and west. Cambodia is rich in aquatic resources. Tonle Sap Lake is a famous natural freshwater fishing ground in the world and the largest fishing ground in Southeast Asia. It is known as the "fish lake". The southwest coast is also an important fishing ground, producing fish and shrimp. Agriculture occupies a major position in the national economy. The agricultural population accounts for approximately 71% of the total population and 78% of the total labor population. The arable land area is 6.7 million hectares, of which the irrigable area is 374,000 hectares, accounting for 18%. The main agricultural products include rice, corn, potatoes, peanuts, and beans. The Mekong River and the shores of Tonle Sap Lake are well-known rice-producing areas. Battambang Province is known as the "granary". Economic crops include rubber, pepper, cotton, tobacco, sugar palm, sugar cane, coffee, and coconut. There are 100,000 hectares of rubber plantations in the country, and the output of rubber per unit area is relatively high, with an annual output of 50,000 tons of rubber, mainly distributed in the eastern province of Kampong Cham. The Cambodian industrial base is weak, mainly including food processing and light industry. The main tourist spots are the world-famous Angkor monuments, Phnom Penh and Sihanoukville Port.

Phnom Penh: Phnom Penh, the capital of Cambodia, is the largest city in the country with a population of approximately 1.1 million (1998).

"Phnom Penh" was originally "Hundred Nang Ben" in Cambodian Khmer. "Hundred-Nang" means "mountain", and "Ben" is the last name of a person. Together, "Hai-Nang" and "Ben" are called "Madame Benshan". According to historical records, a major flood occurred in Cambodia in 1372 AD. On a hill on the banks of the Cambodian capital, a wife named Ben lives. One morning, when she went to the river to lift water, she found a big tree floating in the billowing river, and a golden Buddha statue appeared in the tree hole. She immediately called a few women to salvage the tree from the river and found that there were 4 bronze statues and 1 stone Buddha statue in the tree cave. Madame Ben is a devout Buddhist. She thinks it is a godsend, so she and other women washed the Buddha statues and ceremoniously welcomed them back home and enshrined them. Later, she and her neighbors piled up a hill in front of her house and built a Buddhist temple on the top of the hill to enshrine the five Buddha statues inside. To commemorate this Madame Ben, later generations named this mountain "Hundred Nang Ben", which means Madame Ben’s mountain. At that time, overseas Chinese called "Jin Ben". In Cantonese, the pronunciation of "Ben" and "Bian" are very close. Over time, Jin Ben has evolved into "Phnom Penh" in Chinese and is still used today.

Phnom Penh is an ancient capital. In 1431, Siam invaded Khmer. Due to the unbearable invasion, Khmer King Ponlia-Yat moved the capital from Angkor to Phnom Penh in 1434. After establishing the capital of Phnom Penh, he built the royal palace, built 6 Buddhist temples, raised the tower mountain, filled in depressions, excavated canals, and made the city of Phnom Penh take shape. In 1497, due to the division of the royal family, the then king moved out of Phnom Penh. In 1867, King Norodom moved to Phnom Penh again.

The western part of Phnom Penh is a new district, with modern buildings, wide boulevards and numerous parks, lawns, etc. The park has lush flowers and plants and fresh air, making it a good place for people to relax.