ICambodia, igama eligcwele lombuso waseCambodia, lihlanganisa indawo engaphezu kwamakhilomitha-skwele ayi-180,000. Itholakala eningizimu yeNhlonhlo yase-Indochina eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, neLaos isenyakatho, iThailand isenyakatho-ntshonalanga, iVietnam empumalanga naseningizimu-mpumalanga, kanye neGulf of Thailand ngaseningizimu-ntshonalanga. Ugu lungamakhilomitha angama-460 ubude. Izingxenye ezimaphakathi neziseningizimu ngamathafa, empumalanga, enyakatho nasentshonalanga zizungezwe izintaba namathafa, kanti izindawo eziningi zimbozwe ngamahlathi. Intaba i-Aola engxenyeni esempumalanga yeCardamom Range ingamamitha ayi-1813 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle futhi iyisiqongo esiphakeme kunazo zonke kuleyo ndawo. UMfula iMekong ungamakhilomitha angaba ngu-500 kule nsimu futhi ugelezela empumalanga. IChibi iTonle Sap yichibi elikhulu kunawo wonke e-Indo-China Peninsula, elinendawo engaphezu kwamakhilomitha-skwele angama-2500 ezingeni lamanzi aphansi namakhilomitha-skwele ayi-10 000 ngenkathi yemvula. Kuneziqhingi eziningi ngasogwini, ikakhulukazi isiKoh Kong Island neLong Island. Inesimo sezulu sezulu esishisayo, esinamazinga okushisa aphakathi nonyaka angama-29-30 ° C, inkathi yemvula kusuka ngoMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba, kanye nenkathi eyomile kusuka ngoNovemba kuya ku-Ephreli wonyaka olandelayo. Cishe i-1000 mm empumalanga. Izwe lihlukaniswe izifundazwe ezingama-20 kanye nomasipala abane.

Umbuso waseFunan wasungulwa ngekhulu lokuqala AD, futhi waba yizwe elinamandla elabusa ingxenye eseningizimu ye-Indochina Peninsula ngekhulu lesi-3. Kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu lesi-5 kuya ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-6, uFunan waqala ukwehla ngenxa yezingxabano zangaphakathi phakathi kwababusi.Kwakuqala kwekhulu lesi-7, kwahlanganiswa uZhenla owavela enyakatho. Umbuso waseZhenla ubusuneminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye ubukhosi bakwa-Angkor kusukela ngekhulu lesi-9 kuya ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-15 kwakuwusuku lomlando kaZhenla futhi lwakha impucuko yase-Angkor edume umhlaba wonke. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-16, iKhenla yaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi iCambodia. Kusukela lapho kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, iCambodia yayisesikhathini sokwehla okuphelele futhi yaba yisizwe esiphansi somakhelwane abaqinile baseSiam naseVietnam. ICambodia yaba yisivikelo saseFrance ngo-1863 futhi yahlanganiswa neFrance Indochina Federation ngo-1887. Iphethwe yiJapan ngo-1940. Ngemuva kokuba iJapan izinikele ngo-1945, yahlaselwa yiFrance. NgoNovemba 9, 1953, uMbuso WaseCambodia wamemezela inkululeko yawo.

Ifulegi likazwelonke: Lingunxande elinesilinganiso sobude nobubanzi obungu-3: 2. Siqukethe onxande abathathu abavundlile abaxhunywe ndawonye, ​​nobuso obomvu obubanzi phakathi, nemichilo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka phezulu nangaphansi. Okubomvu kufanekisela inhlanhla nokujabula, kanti okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kufanekisela ukukhanya nenkululeko. Maphakathi kobuso obubomvu obubanzi, kunethempeli elimhlophe i-Angkor elinomphetho wegolide.Leli ibhilidi elidumile lamaBuddha elifanekisela umlando omude waseCambodia namasiko asendulo.

ICambodia inabantu abayizigidi eziyi-13.4, okuyi-84.3% yabo basemakhaya kuthi i-15.7% ibe yasemadolobheni. Kunezinhlanga ezingaphezu kwama-20, lapho abantu baseKhmer babala i-80% yabantu, futhi kukhona nezinhlanga ezincane ezinjengeCham, iPunong, iLao, iThai neSting. I-Khmer ulimi oluvamile, futhi isiNgisi nesiFulentshi zombili izilimi ezisemthethweni. Inkolo yezwe ubuBuddha. Abantu abangaphezu kwama-80% ezweni bakholelwa kubuBuddha.Abantu abaningi baseCham bakholelwa kubuSulumane, kanti izakhamizi ezimbalwa zasemadolobheni zikholelwa kubuKhatholika.

ICambodia yizwe lendabuko lezolimo elinesisekelo sezimboni esintekenteke. Lingelinye lamazwe athuthukile kakhulu emhlabeni. Abantu abahlala ngaphansi komugqa wobuphofu babalwa ngama-28% enani labantu. Ukufakwa kwamaminerali ikakhulu kufaka phakathi igolide, i-phosphate, amagugu ne-petroleum, kanye nenani elincane lensimbi, amalahle, ukuhola, imanganese, i-limestone, isiliva, i-tungsten, ithusi, i-zinc nethini. Ezamahlathi, ezokudoba kanye nezokufuya zicebile ngezinsizakusebenza. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingama-200 zezinkuni, kanti ingqikithi yesitoreji ilinganiselwa ku-1.136 billion cubic metres. Inothile ezihlahleni ezishisayo ezifana ne-teak, ironwood, red sandalwood, nezinhlobo eziningi zoqalo. Ngenxa yempi nokugawulwa kwamahlathi, imithombo yehlathi ilinyazwe kakhulu Izinga lokutholakala kwehlathi lehle lisuka kuma-70% engqikithi yezwe laya ku-35%, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisezintabeni empumalanga, enyakatho nasentshonalanga. ICambodia icebile ngezinsizakusebenza zasemanzini.I-Tonle Sap Lake iyindawo edumile yokudoba amanzi angenasawoti emhlabeni futhi iyindawo enkulu yokudoba eSouth-Asia. Laziwa njenge "fish lake". Ugu oluseningizimu-ntshonalanga futhi luyindawo ebalulekile yokudoba, ekhiqiza izinhlanzi nezimfanzi. Ezolimo zisendaweni enkulu emnothweni wezwe. Abantu bezolimo balinganiselwa ku-71% wabantu bonke kanye nama-78% esamba sabasebenzi. Indawo yomhlaba olimekayo ingamahektha ayizigidi ezingama-6.7, lapho indawo eniselwayo ingamahektha angama-374,000, ebalelwa ku-18%. Imikhiqizo emikhulu yezolimo ilayisi, ummbila, amazambane, amakinati nobhontshisi.Umfula iMekong River kanye nogu lweTonle Sap Lake yizindawo ezidume ngokukhiqiza irayisi, kanti iSifundazwe saseBattambang saziwa njenge "granary". Izitshalo zezomnotho zifaka iraba, upelepele, ukotini, ugwayi, isundu, umoba, ikhofi nokhokhonathi. Kunamahektha ayi-100 000 amasimu enjoloba ezweni, futhi okukhipha injoloba ngeyunithi ngayinye kuphakeme kakhulu, ngokukhishwa kwamathani werabha wamathani ayizi-50 000, ikakhulu okusatshalaliswa esifundazweni esisempumalanga yeKampong Cham. Isizinda sezimboni saseCambodian sibuthakathaka, kufaka phakathi ukucutshungulwa kokudla kanye nemboni elula. Izindawo ezinkulu zabavakashi yizikhumbuzo ze-Angkor ezidume umhlaba wonke, iPhnom Penh neSihanoukville Port.

I-Phnom Penh : IPhnom Penh, inhlokodolobha yaseCambodia, idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke ezweni elinabantu abalinganiselwa ezigidini ezi-1.1 (1998).

"I-Phnom Penh" ekuqaleni yayingu "Hundred Nang Ben" ngesiCambodia Khmer. "Amakhulu-Nang" kusho "intaba", futhi "uBen" yisibongo somuntu. Ndawonye, ​​"Hai-Nang" no "Ben" babizwa ngokuthi "Madame Benshan". Ngokwemibhalo egciniwe yomlando, kwenzeka isikhukhula esikhulu eCambodia ngonyaka we-1372 AD. Egqumeni osebeni lwenhlokodolobha yaseCambodia, inkosikazi egama layo linguBen ihlala. Ngelinye ilanga ekuseni, ngenkathi eya emfuleni eyophakamisa amanzi, wathola isihlahla esikhulu sintanta emfuleni ogelezayo, kwavela umfanekiso kaBuddha wegolide emgodini wesihlahla. Ngokushesha wabiza abesifazane abambalwa ukuba batakule isihlahla emfuleni futhi wathola ukuthi kunezithombe ze-4 zethusi nesithombe se-Buddha esingu-1 emhumeni wesihlahla. UNkk Ben ungumBuddha ozinikele futhi ucabanga ukuthi kuyisipho esivela ezulwini, ngakho-ke yena nabanye besifazane bageza lezi zithombe zikaBuddha futhi bazamukela ngomkhosi ekhaya futhi bazifaka. Kamuva, yena nomakhelwane bakhe banqwabelanisa igquma ngaphambi kwendlu yakhe futhi bakha ithempeli lamaBuddha esiqongweni segquma ukufaka izithombe zeBuddha ezinhlanu ngaphakathi. Ukukhumbula lo Madame Ben, izizukulwane ezalandela zaqamba le ntaba ngokuthi "Hundred Nang Ben", okusho intaba kaMadame Ben. Ngaleso sikhathi, amaShayina aphesheya kwezilwandle abizwa nge- "Jin Ben". NgesiCantonese, ukubizwa kwe- "Ben" ne- "Bian" kusondele kakhulu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uJin Ben uguquke waba yi- "Phnom Penh" ngesiShayina futhi usasetshenziswa nanamuhla.

I-Phnom Penh iyinhloko-dolobha yasendulo. Ngo-1431, uSiam wahlasela iKhmer. Ngenxa yokuhlasela okungabekezeleleki, uKhmer King Ponlia-Yat wasusa inhlokodolobha esuka e-Angkor wayisa ePhnom Penh ngo-1434. Ngemuva kokumisa inhlokodolobha yasePhnom Penh, wakha isigodlo sasebukhosini, wakha amathempeli amaBuddha ayi-6, wakhulisa intaba yombhoshongo, wagcwalisa izindawo zokudonsela phansi, wagubha imisele, wenza nedolobha lasePhnom Penh lakhiwa. Ngo-1497, ngenxa yokwehlukaniswa komndeni wasebukhosini, inkosi ngaleso sikhathi yaphuma ePhnom Penh. Ngo-1867, iNkosi uNorodom yathuthela ePhnom Penh futhi.

Ingxenye esentshonalanga yePhnom Penh yisifunda esisha, esinezakhiwo zesimanje, ama-boulevards abanzi namapaki amaningi, utshani, njll. Ipaki linezimbali eziluhlaza nezitshalo nomoya omusha, okwenza kube yindawo enhle yabantu yokuphumula.