ʻIrana ʻIke kumu
| Manawa kūloko | Kou manawa |
|---|---|
|
|
|
| Kahi wā kūloko | ʻOkoʻa ʻāpana manawa |
| UTC/GMT +3 hola |
| latitu / longitude |
|---|
| 32°25'14"N / 53°40'56"E |
| iso hoʻopāʻālua |
| IR / IRN |
| kālā |
| Rial (IRR) |
| ʻLelo |
| Persian (official) 53% Azeri Turkic and Turkic dialects 18% Kurdish 10% Gilaki and Mazandarani 7% Luri 6% Balochi 2% Arabic 2% other 2% |
| uila |
 ʻAno c European 2-pin |
| hae aupuni |
|---|
 |
| kapikala |
| ʻO Tehran |
| papa inoa panakō |
| ʻIrana papa inoa panakō |
| heluna kanaka |
| 76,923,300 |
| ʻāpana |
| 1,648,000 KM2 |
| GDP (USD) |
| 411,900,000,000 |
| kelepona |
| 28,760,000 |
| Kelepono paʻa lima |
| 58,160,000 |
| Ka helu o nā pūnaewele Pūnaewele |
| 197,804 |
| Ka helu o nā mea hoʻohana Pūnaewele |
| 8,214,000 |
ʻIrana hoʻolauna
|
He ʻāina papaha ʻo ʻIrana me kahi ʻāpana o 1.645 miliona mau kilomika kilomika. Aia ia ma ke komohana hema o ʻAsia. Aia ka palena o Armenia, Azerbaijan a me Turkmenistan i ke kūkulu ʻākau, Turkey a me ʻIraka ma ke komohana, Pakistan a me Afghanistan ma ka hikina, a me ke awāwa ʻo Persian a me ke awāwa ʻo Oman ma ka hema. Aia nā kuahiwi ʻo Erbz ma ka ʻākau, ʻo nā mauna Zagros ma ke komohana a me ke komohana hema, a me ke kahawai maloʻo ma ka hikina, e hana ana i nā wao akua he nui. ʻO ke kai Caspian ma ka ʻākau, ke awāwa ʻo Persian a me ke awāwa ʻo Oman ma ka hema he mau kahawai kahe. ʻO nā wahi hikina a i uka o ʻIrani kahi mauʻu mauu subtropical a me nā wahi wao nahele, a ʻo nā wahi mauna komohana ka hapa nui o nā wahi o ke Kaiwaenahonua. <► ʻIrana, ka inoa piha o ka Islamic Republic of Iran, nona ka ʻāina he 1.645 miliona mau kilomika kilomika. Aia ma ke komohana hema o ʻAsia, ka palena o Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan i ka ʻākau, Turkey a me ʻIraka ma ke komohana, Pakistan a me Afghanistan ma ka hikina, a me ke awāwa ʻo Persian a me ke awāwa ʻo Oman ma ka hema. He ʻāina palahalaha ia, a ma waena o 900 a me 1500 mau mika ka kiʻekiʻe. Aia nā mauna ʻo Erbz ma ka ʻākau, a ʻo ka Piko ʻo Demawande he 5670 mau mika ma luna o ke kai, ʻo ia ka piko kiʻekiʻe ma ʻIraka. Aia nā mauna ʻo Zagros ma ke komohana a me ke komohana hema, a me nā ipu ʻauʻau ma ka hikina, e hana ana i nā wao akua he nui. ʻO nā wahi kahakai o ke kai Caspian ma ka ʻākau, ke awāwa ʻo Persian ma ka hema a me ke kahawai ʻo Oman he mau kahawai. ʻO Kalurun a me Sefid nā kahawai nui. ʻO ke kai Caspian kahi moana wai paʻakai nui loa o ka honua, a ʻo ʻIlekani ke kapa hema. No nā ʻaoʻao hikina a uka o ʻIrana no nā wahi mauu subtropical a me nā wahi nahele o ka wao nahele, kahi maloʻo a emi iki ka ua, me nā loli nui o ke anuanu a me ka wela. ʻO nā wahi mauna komohana ka hapa nui i ke aniau Mediterranean. ʻO ke kahakai o ke kai Caspian he akahai a ʻūlū, me ka awelika o ka ua ma mua o ka 1000 mm. ʻO ka avera awelika makahiki ma ka Central Plateau ma lalo o 100 mm. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻāina i 27 panalāʻau, 195 kalana, 500 ʻāpana, a me 1581 nā kaona. He ʻāina kahiko ʻo ʻIrani me ka mōʻaukala ʻehā a ʻelima kaukani mau makahiki. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Peresia i ka mōʻaukala. Ua hoʻomaka ka moʻolelo a me ka moʻomeheu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka makahiki 2700 BC. Ua kapa ʻia ka moʻolelo o Kina ka hoʻomaha me ka maluhia. Ua ʻike ʻia nā Iranians o Indo-European ma hope o 2000 BC. I ka kenekulia 6 BC, ua waiwai nui ka moʻokūʻauhau Achaemenid o ke aupuni Persian kahiko. I ke au o Darius I, ke aliʻi ʻekolu o ka moʻokūʻauhau (521-485 BC), ʻo ka palena o ka emepaea mai nā kapa o ka Amu Darya a me ka Indus ma ka hikina, ke kiko waena a me lalo o ka Nile ma ke komohana, ke Kai ʻEleʻele a me ke kai Caspian ma ka ʻākau, a me ke awāwa ʻo Persian ma ka hema. I ka makahiki 330 BC ua luku ʻia ke aupuni ʻEnelani kahiko e Macedonian-Alexander. Ma hope ua hoʻokumu i ke koena aliʻi, Sassanid aliʻi aliʻi. Mai ka makahiki ʻumikūmāhiku a i ke kenekulia 18, ua hoʻouka kūʻē aku ko ʻArabia, ko Tureke a me ko Mongol I ka hopena o ke kenekulia 18, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Kaijia Dynasty. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 19, lilo ia i kolone kolone o Beritania a me Lūkia. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka moʻokūʻauhau Pahlavi ma 1925. Ua kapa inoa ʻia ka ʻāina iā ʻIrana ma 1935. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Islamic Republic of Iran ma 1978. <ʻO ka nahele ka lua o nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe o ʻIrana ma hope o ka aila, e uhi ana i kahi o 12.7 miliona maueka. Nui ka waiwai o ʻIrana i nā huahana wai a kaulana ka caviar i ka honua. Nui ka waiwai o ʻIrana i nā huaʻai a me nā hua maloʻo. ʻO Pistachios, nā ʻāpala, nā hua waina, nā lā, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e kūʻai ʻia aku ana ma ka home a me kahi ʻē. ʻO ka nui o nā huahana i loaʻa i nā pistachios Iran i ka makahiki 2001 he 170,000 tona, a ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻolilo ma kahi o 93,000 mau tona, a ua loaʻa nā kālā kūwaho i $ 288 miliona. ʻO ka mea lawe aku nui o pistachios. ʻO ka ulana kapeta Peresia me ka moʻaukala ma mua o 5,000 mau makahiki ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia a puni ka honua, a me kāna hana lima nani, nā lauana nani, a me nā waihoʻoluʻu kūlike i hoʻolei ʻia i ka literati he nui. I kēia lā, ua lilo nā kapeti Peresia i nā huahana hoʻolilo kuʻuna nui kaulana o Iran. ʻO nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe e laʻa me nā lole, nā meaʻai, nā pono hale, nā kapeta, nā papermaking, ka uila uila, nā kemika, nā kaʻa, nā metallurgy, nā mea hana kila a me nā mīkini. He hoʻi hope ka mahiʻai a haʻahaʻa ka degere o ka mīkini ʻana. <ʻO ʻIrani kekahi o nā lāhui kahiko kaulana. No nā makahiki he mau kaukani, ua hana ʻia kahi moʻomeheu maikaʻi a nani hoʻi. ʻO ka "Code Medical" i kākau ʻia e ka ʻepekema ʻepekema nui ʻo Avicenna i ke kenekulia 11 he hopena koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻomohala olakino o nā ʻāina ʻAsia a me ʻEulopa. Ua kūkulu ka poʻe ʻInikia i ka hale kiaʻi astronomical mua o ka honua a hana i kahi disk sundial e ʻano like me ka uaki maʻamau o kēia lā. ʻO ka moʻolelo epic "The Book of Kings" na ka haku mele ʻo Ferdósi lāua ʻo Sadie "The Rose Garden" ʻaʻole wale ia he waiwai o ka moʻokalaleo Persian, akā he waiwai pū kekahi o ka honua palapala honua. Ma ke kapikala o kahi ʻāina kahiko, he nui nā hale hōʻikeʻike ʻo Tehran. He hanohano ka puke hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Freedom Tower a he puke nō ia i kaila. ʻO ia ka ʻīpuka i Tehran. ʻO ka hale granite hou, ka hale aliʻi kauwela o ka mōʻī Pahlavi mua, ua hoʻololi ʻia i ka "People's Palace Museum" ma hope o ka hoʻokahuli ʻia ʻana o ka moʻokūʻauhau a wehe ʻia i ka lehulehu. ʻO nā hale hōʻikeʻike kākela kākela kākela kaulana hou hou aʻe ma mua o 5,000 kapeta makamae mai ka 16th a hiki i ka 20 kenekulia i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai nā wahi āpau o Iran. Ke mālama nei ka lumi i kahi mahana mau o 20 kekelē a me ke kaulike kaulike, ke aniani a me ka hinuhinu o ke kala o nā ʻōpala kapena. ʻO ka moena kahiko loa he moʻolelo kona o 450 mau makahiki. Ma Tehran, aia kekahi mau hale hoʻoilina moʻomeheu moʻomeheu, Lalle Park a me ka "Bazaar" nui loa (mākeke) ma ke kapitala, nā mea āpau e hōʻike ana i nā tausani mau makahiki o ka moʻomeheu Peresia hanohano. ʻOi aku ka nani a me ka hanohano o ka Khomeini Mausoleum hou kūkulu. Ma ke ʻano he kapikala o kahi ʻāina Islam, ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi kaukani mosque i Tehran. I kēlā me kēia manawa ke loaʻa ka manawa pule, pane nā leo o nā mosque ʻē aʻe i kekahi i kekahi. |