Tunisia, iro zita rizere reRepublic of Tunisia, iri kuchamhembe kwekumaodzanyemba kweAfrica uye inopinda Algeria kumadokero. Inoganhura Libya kuenda kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva, iyo Mediterranean kuchamhembe nekumabvazuva, uye inotarisana neItari kuyambuka Tunis Strait. Nzvimbo yacho yakaoma. Iyo ine makomo kuchamhembe, nzvimbo dzakadzika uye materu ari pakati nepakati kumadokero matunhu; mahombekombe egungwa kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva nemarenje kumaodzanyemba. Iyo yepamusoro soro, Gomo Sheanabi, iri 1544 metres pamusoro pegungwa. Iyo system yemvura mundima haina kusimukira. Rwizi rukuru kwazvo, Majerda, ine nzvimbo yemadhiraini inosvika zviuru makumi maviri nezvina zvemakiromita. Chikamu chekuchamhembe chine nzvimbo inodziya yeMediterranean. Chikamu chepakati chine nzvimbo inodziya yemasango. Chikamu chekumaodzanyemba chine mamiriro ekunze ekunze erenje. Nyamavhuvhu ndiwo mwedzi unopisa, uine avhareji tembiricha yemazuva ese ye21 ° C -33 ° C; Ndira ndiwo mwedzi unotonhora kwazvo, neavhareji tembiricha yemazuva ese ye6 ° C -14 ° C. Nyika yakakamurwa kuva matunhu makumi maviri nemana nematunhu makumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemakumi mana nemakumi mana nemakumi mana.

Pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechi9 BC, vaFenikiya vakagadzira guta reCarthage pamhenderekedzo yeGulf yeTunis, uye gare gare rakava simba rehutapwa. Muna 146 BC, yakava chikamu chedunhu reAfrica muhushe hweRoma. Yakanga ichiteverwa kutora maVandals neByzantine muzana rechishanu kusvika rechitanhatu AD. Vakakundwa nevaMuslim vechiArab muna 703 AD, nyika dzechiArabia dzakatanga. Muzana ramakore regumi nematatu, imba yevaHafs yakasimbisa nyika ine simba yeTunisia. Muna 1574 yakava dunhu reTurkey Ottoman Humambo. Muna 1881 yakava nzvimbo yakadzivirirwa neFrance. Mutemo wa1955 wakamanikidzwa kubvuma kuzvitonga kwemukati. France yakaziva rusununguko rweTunisia munaKurume 20, 1956.

Mureza wenyika: Inoita rectangular ine chiyero chehurefu kusvika paupamhi hwe3: 2. Kumeso kwemureza kwakatsvuka, paine denderedzwa jena pakati.Dhipatimendi racho rinenge hafu yehupamhi hwemureza.Pane mwedzi mutsvuku mutsvuku uye nyeredzi tsvuku yakanangana nemashanu mudenderedzwa iri. Nhoroondo yemureza wenyika inogona kuteverwa kudzoka kuOttoman Humambo.Mwedzi wekresresi uye nyeredzi-yakatarwa shanu dzinobva muOttoman Humambo.Iye zvino mucherechedzo weRepublic of Tunisia uye mucherechedzo wenyika dzeIslam.

Huwandu hwevanhu i9,910,872 (pakupera kwaApril 2004). ChiArabic ndiyo mutauro wenyika uye chiFrench chinowanzo shandiswa. Islam ndiyo chitendero chehurumende, kunyanya chiSunni; vanhu vashoma vanotenda muchiKatorike uye muchiJuda.

Hupfumi hweTunisia hwakatungamirwa nevekurima, asi hahuzvigadzirire chikafu. Iyo indasitiri inotungamirwa nepeturu uye phosphate kuchera, kugadzira uye kugadzirisa maindasitiri. Tourism haina kugadzikana uye inotora chinzvimbo chakakosha muhupfumi hwenyika. Izvo zviwanikwa zvikuru ndeye phosphate, mafuta, gasi rechisikigo, iron, aluminium, zinc, nezvimwe. Matura anoratidzwa: mabhiriyoni maviri ematani ephosphate, matani mamirioni makumi manomwe emafuta, 61.5 bhiriyoni emamita emagetsi, gasi resimbi, mamirioni makumi maviri nemashanu esimbi. Maindasitiri nemaindasitiri emigodhi anonyanya kusanganisira indasitiri yemakemikari uye kubviswa kwepetroleum vachishandisa phosphate semidziyo. Iyo indasitiri yemachira inotanga kutanga muindasitiri akareruka, kuverenga chikamu chimwe muzvishanu chehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemaindasitiri. Nyika ine mahekita mamirioni mapfumbamwe evhu rinorimwa uye mahekita mamirioni mashanu evhu rakarimwa, ayo manomwe muzana ivhu remadiridziro. Tunisia inogadzira mafuta emuorivhi, inoverengera 4-9% yehuwandu hwenyika hwekugadzirwa kwemafuta emuorivhi, uye ndiyo inonyanya kugadzirwa kunze kwekurima chigadzirwa. Tourism ine chinzvimbo chakakosha muhupfumi hwenyika.Tunisia, Sousse, Monastir, Bengjiao uye Djerba inzvimbo dzinozivikanwa dzevashanyi, kunyanya guta rinozivikanwa rekare reCarthage, iro rinokwezva mazana evanhu gore rega rega. Zviuru zvevashanyi vekunze vanoita mari yekushanya iri nhamba yekutanga sosi yemari yekunze muTunisia.

Tunis Guta: Tunis, guta guru reTunisia (Tunis) iri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweTunisia, yakatarisana neGulf yeTunis kumahombekombe ekumaodzanyemba kweGungwa reMediterranean. Masabhabhu anofukidza nzvimbo inosvika chiuru nemazana mashanu emakiromita emakiromita ane huwandu hwemamiriyoni e2.08 (2001). Iyo yenyika yezvematongerwo enyika, zvehupfumi, tsika tsika uye chekufambisa hub.

Muna 1000 BC, vaFenikiya vakagadzira guta reCarthage pamhenderekedzo yeTunisia, ndokukudziridza kuva nhorondo yakave nembiri yeCarthage Empire.Paakabudirira, Tunisia yaive Carthage Musha wegungwa kumucheto kweguta. Guta reCarthage rakapiswa nevaRoma. Muna 698 AD, gavhuna weUmayyad Nomara akaraira kuputswa kwemadziro akasara nezvivakwa zveCarthage.Guta reMedina rakavakwa panzvimbo yanhasi Tunisia, pamwe nekuvakwa kwechiteshi chengarava nedoko, uye vagari vakatamira pano. Panguva iyoyo, rakava iro rechipiri kukura guta mushure meKairouan. Munguva yeHafs Dynasty ine simba (1230-1574), guta guru reTunis rakamiswa zviri pamutemo, uye kuvakwa kweBardo Palace kwakavakwa, chirongwa cheZaguwan-Carthage Canal chakawedzerwa, mvura yakaunzwa mumuzinda nenzvimbo dzekugara, uye musika weArabhu wakagadziridzwa. , Kugadzwa kwehurumende dunhu "Kasbah", uye inoenderana kukura kwetsika neunyanzvi. Tunisia yakava nzvimbo yemagariro mudunhu reMaghreb. Inotorwa neveFrance colonists muna 1937, iyo Republic of Tunisia yakavambwa seguta guru muna 1957.

Nharaunda yeguta reTunisia inoumbwa neguta rekare rekare reMedina uye neguta nyowani reEurope. Guta rekare reMedina richiri nekuchengetedza iro rekare reArabia yekumavara. Kunyangwe rusvingo rweguta rekare rusisipo, magedhi eguta anoda kusvika gumi achakachengetedzwa zvakanaka.Mamwe acho ndiHaimen, iyo inobatanidza maguta ekare nemitsva, neSukamen, iyo inobatanidza guta rekare nemasabhabhu. Dunhu re "Kasbah" ndiro chigaro cheHofisi yeMutungamiri wehurumende uye dzimbahwe rebato rebato riri kutonga. Guta idzva, iro rinozivikanwawo se "guta rakadzika", iri munzvimbo yakaderera inotungamira kugungwa kuMedina. Mushure ma1881, kuvaka kwakatanga panguva yekutonga kwechiFrance. Mugwagwa unobatikana uye une hupenyu mukati meguta iri Bourguiba Avenue, yakazadzwa nemiti, mabhuku emabhuku uye matanda emaruva ane iyo; kumabvazuva kumugwagwa muRepublic Square, uko kunomira chifananidzo chendarira cheMutungamiri Bourguiba; kumadokero kupera iIndendence Square, kune Chiumbwa chendarira chaKarl Dun, munyori wenhoroondo dzekare weTunisian. Kwete kure kumabvazuva kweguta riri chiteshi chechitima uye chiteshi chengarava; kuchamhembe, kune Belvedere Park, inzvimbo yakajeka muguta. Munharaunda yekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva, kune matongo enzvimbo inozivikanwa yenhoroondo yeCarthage, dhorobha reSidi Bou Said muchimiro chemagadzirirwo echinyakare, Marsa beach uye chiteshi cheGulet kuenda kugungwa. Iyo yakaisvonaka Presidential Palace iri pamucheto kweGungwa reMediterranean, padivi pematongo eKathage City. Makiromita matatu kubva kumahombekombe ekumadokero ndiyo imba yekare yeBardo, inova iko chigaro cheNational Assembly neBardo National Museum. Nzvimbo dzekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero ndiro yunivhesiti. Nzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba nekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero inzvimbo dzemabhizimusi. Mugero uye mugero wekare weRoma wakakurumbira waipfuura nemumaguta ekumadokero ekurima. Tunisia ine nzvimbo dzinoyevedza, inonaka mamiriro ekunze uye padhuze neEurope.Inowanzova muzinda wemisangano yepasi rose. Kubva 1979, dzimbahwe reArab League rakatamira pano.