Cameroon Cov Ntaub Ntawv Sau Yooj Yim
Sijhawm hauv zos | Koj lub sijhawm |
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Zos cheeb tsam | Sij hawm cheeb tsam sib txawv |
UTC/GMT +1 teev |
latitude / ntev ntev |
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7°21'55"N / 12°20'36"E |
iso encoding |
CM / CMR |
txiaj |
Franc (XAF) |
Lus |
24 major African language groups English (official) French (official) |
hluav taws xob |
Ntaus c European 2-nawj |
chij teb chaws |
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peev |
Yaounde |
cov npe hauv txhab cia nyiaj |
Cameroon cov npe hauv txhab cia nyiaj |
pejxeem |
19,294,149 |
thaj chaw |
475,440 KM2 |
GDP (USD) |
27,880,000,000 |
xov tooj |
737,400 |
Xov tooj ntawm tes |
13,100,000 |
Tus naj npawb ntawm Is Taws Nem |
10,207 |
Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg siv Is Taws Nem |
749,600 |
Cameroon taw qhia
Cameroon npog thaj tsam thaj tsam li 476,000 square km. Nws nyob hauv central thiab sab hnub poob teb chaws Africa, uas nyob sib nrug rau Gulf of Guinea nyob rau sab qab teb hnub poob, kab nruab nrab nyob rau sab qab teb, thiab qab teb kawg nkaus ntawm lub suab puam Sahara nyob rau sab qaum teb. Feem ntau thaj chaw hauv thaj chaw yog toj siab, thiab thaj av tsuas yog 12% ntawm lub tebchaws. Txhua xyoo dej nag nyob rau sab hnub poob ko taw ntawm lub roob hluav taws Cameroon yog 10,000 millimeters, uas yog ib thaj chaw los nag tshaj plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb. Ntawm no tsis tsuas yog thaj chaw zoo nkauj, muaj kev nplua nuj mus ncig ua si, tab sis kuj muaj ntau pab pawg neeg thiab thaj chaw neeg nyiam ntxim nyiam. Nws zam tau ntau yam av, huab cua hom thiab kab lis kev cai ntawm haiv neeg Africa. Nws paub tias "mini-Africa". Yuav luag txhua thaj chaw hauv thaj chaw yog toj siab, thiab tiaj tiaj tsuas yog 12% ntawm lub tebchaws. Lub ntug dej hiav txwv sab qab teb yog qhov tiaj, ntev los ntawm sab qaum teb mus rau sab qab teb; sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj yog Cameroon qhov chaw qis qis nrog cov hav dej loj thiab thaj chaw ntub dej; sab qaum teb Benue River-Chad tiaj nrog qhov nruab nrab nce txog 300-500 metres; nruab nrab Adamawa Plateau yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Central African Plateau Ib feem, qhov siab nruab nrab yog kwv yees li 1,000 metres; lub roob hluav taws kub nruab nrab thiab sab hnub poob Cameroon yog lub cev ntau lub zeb hluav taws, feem ntau ntawm qhov siab txog 2,000 meters. Lub roob hluav taws Cameroon ze ntawm lub hiav txwv yog 4,070 metres siab dua hiav txwv, uas yog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub teb chaws thiab hauv Africa sab hnub poob. Tus dej Sana yog tus dej loj tshaj plaws, ntxiv rau Niang River, Logon River, Benue River thiab lwm yam. Sab hnub poob ntug dej hiav txwv thiab sab qab teb thaj chaw muaj kev nyab xeeb huab cua nag nrog huab cua, uas yog qhov kub thiab vau thoob plaws ib xyoos, thiab hloov mus rau thaj chaw huab cua ntawm thaj chaw huab cua rau sab qaum teb. Txhua xyoo dej nag nyob rau sab hnub poob ko taw ntawm lub roob hluav taws Cameroon yog 10,000 millimeters, uas yog ib thaj chaw los nag tshaj plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb. Cameroon tsis tsuas yog thaj chaw zoo nkauj thiab kev nplua nuj hauv kev ncig mus ncig, tab sis tseem muaj ntau pawg neeg thiab thaj chaw zoo nkauj neeg. Nws pom zoo rau ntau thaj av, huab cua hom thiab cov kab lis kev cai ntawm haiv neeg Asmeskas, thiab paub tias "mini-Africa". Lub chaw ntug hiav txwv ntev 360 km. Sab hnub poob ntug dej hiav txwv thiab sab qab teb muaj thaj tsam huab cua nruab nrab ntawm cov huab cua, thiab sab qaum teb muaj huab cua toj roob hauv pes. Qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo kub yog 24-28 ℃. Lub teb chaws tau muab faib ua 10 lub xeev (Northern Xeev, Xeev Sab Qaum Teb, Xeev Adamawa, Xeev Sab Hnub Tuaj, Xeev Central, Xeev Yav Qab Teb, Xeev Xeev Xeev, Xeev Xeev, Xeev Sab Hnub Poob, Xeev Northwest), 58 Xeev, 268 lub nroog, 54 lub nroog. Txij xyoo 5 xyoo AD, qee lub nceeg vaj thiab cov teb chaws pawg neeg pawg tau tsim muaj nyob hauv thaj chaw. Cov Portuguese nkag hauv 1472, thiab hauv 16th caug xyoo, Dutch, Askiv, Fabkis, German thiab lwm tus neeg sab nrauv tuaj yeem ua tiav. Xyoo 1884, Lub Teb Chaws Yelemees yuam King Douala nyob rau sab hnub poob ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Cameroon kos npe rau "Daim Ntawv Cog Lus Tiv Thaiv." Cov cheeb tsam tau dhau los ua German "tus tiv thaiv lub teb chaws", thiab xyoo 1902 nws txuas rau tag nrho thaj chaw hauv Cameroon. Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ib, cov tub rog Askiv thiab Fab Kis tuaj nyob hauv Cameroon nyias nyob nyias. Xyoo 1919, Cameroon tau muab faib ua ob thaj chaw, thaj av sab hnub tuaj raug Fabkis kav, thiab thaj av sab hnub poob tau kav Askiv. Xyoo 1922, Pab Koomtes Pab Koomtes tau muab Tebchaws East Cameroon thiab West Cameroon xa mus rau Tebchaws Askiv thiab Fabkis rau "txoj cai tswjfwm." Xyoo 1946, United Nations General Assembly tau txiav txim siab tso Eastern thiab Western Kasas ua tus thawj saib xyuas tebchaws Aas Kiv thiab Fab Kis. Lub Ib Hlis 1, 1960, East Cameroon (Fab Kis Cov Chaw Ntseeg) tau tshaj tawm tias nws muaj kev ywj pheej thiab lub teb chaws tau muab lub npe hu ua Republic of Cameroon. Ahijo los ua tus thawj tswj hwm. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1961, kev xaiv tsa tau nyob rau sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb ntawm Cameroon Trust Zone. Lub qaum teb tau koom ua ke rau hauv Nigeria thaum lub Rau Hli 1, thiab sab qab teb tau koom ua ke nrog Republic of Cameroon thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1 kom tsim Tsoom Fwv Tebchaws Koom pheej ntawm Cameroon. Thaum lub Tsib Hlis 1972, tseem hwv txoj cai ntawm tsoomfwv tau tshem tawm thiab Tsoomfwv Tebchaws Thaj Chaw hauv Tebchaws Cameroon tau tsim los pab. Hauv xyoo 1984 nws tau hloov mus rau Republic of Cameroon. Ahiqiao tso tseg thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1982. Paul Biya ua tus thawj coj loj. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 1984, lub teb chaws tau hloov npe hu ua Republic of Cameroon. Koom tes nrog Tsoomfwv Tebchaws lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1, 1995. Lub teb chaws chij: Nws yog plaub nrog cov lus piv ntawm qhov ntev kom dav ntawm 3: 2. Txij sab laug rau sab xis, nws muaj li ntawm peb cov kab sib law liag thiab sib npaug, ntsuab, liab, thiab daj, muaj lub hnub qub tsib-taw nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov liab. Ntsuab piv txog cov nroj tsuag xyoob ntoo ntoo nyob rau yav qab teb qhov sib npaug ntawm roob hav zoov, thiab tseem ua rau cov neeg muaj kev cia siab rau lub neej tom ntej zoo siab; daj lub cim rau sab qaum teb tiaj nyom thiab cov av muaj pob zeb, thiab tseem cim rau lub hnub ci ci uas coj kev zoo siab rau tib neeg; Lub hnub qub tsib taw qhia txog kev sib koom ua ke hauv lub tebchaws. Tag nrho cov pej xeem hauv Cameroon yog 16.32 lab (2005). Muaj ntau tshaj 200 haiv neeg pawg xws li Fulbe, Bamilek, Equator Bantu, Pygmies, Northwest Bantu thiab hais txog. Correspondingly, muaj ntau dua 200 haiv lus nyob hauv lub teb chaws, tsis muaj leej twg sau cov cim. Fab Kis thiab lus Askiv yog lus yam lus. Cov lus tseem ceeb hauv tebchaws yog Fulani, Yaoundé, Douala thiab Bamelek, txhua tus ntawm tsis muaj kev sau ntawv. Cov Fulbe thiab qee pab pawg nyob rau sab hnub poob ntseeg Islam (kwv yees li 20% ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm lub teb chaws); cov chaw nyob sab qab teb thiab chaw hiav txwv ntseeg Catholicism thiab Protestantism (35%); cov dej hauv nroog thiab chaw nyob deb tseem ntseeg fetishism (45%). Cameroon muaj thaj chaw zoo dua thaj chaw thiab cov xwm txheej ntuj, thiab cov peev txheej muaj ntau. Vim tias nws zuaj ob qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov kab ntsig hauv dej nag nruab nrab hauv hav zoov thiab chaw kub thiab muaj xyoob ntoo, qhov kub thiab dej nag yog qhov haum rau txoj kev txhim kho kev ua liaj ua teb, thiab nws yog qhov ntau dua li tus kheej tau noj zaub mov. Vim li no, Cameroon paub tias "Central African granary." thaj chaw hauv hav zoov Cameroon muaj thaj tsam ntau dua 22 lab hectares, uas yog thaj tsam li 42% ntawm thaj tsam thaj tsam ntawm lub teb chaws. Cav Ntoo yog Cameroon qhov thib ob loj tshaj plaws rau kev sib pauv khoom txawv teb chaws. Cameroon muaj kev nplua nuj nyob hauv cov khoom siv hydraulic, thiab cov chaw muaj txiaj ntsig hydraulic muaj txog 3% ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov kev pab cuam hydraulic. Tseem muaj ntau cov kev pab cuam cov ntxhia hauv no. Muaj ntau dua 30 hom pov thawj cov ntxhia hauv av, tsuas yog bauxite, rutile, cobalt thiab nickel. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj kub, pob zeb diamond, marble, limestone, mica, thiab lwm yam. Cameroon tau txais koob hmoov nrog cov txiaj ntsig kev ncig ua lag luam, suav nrog ntug hiav txwv ntxim nyiam, hav zoov nkauj xwb thiab lub pas dej ntshiab thiab dej ntws. Muaj 381 chaw ncig xyuas tebchaws thiab 45 chaw tiv thaiv ntawm ntau hom thoob plaws hauv tebchaws. Cov chaw ncig xyuas tseem ceeb muaj xws li thaj chaw ntuj xws li Benue, Waza thiab Bubaengida. Xyoo tsis ntev los no, ntau pua txhiab tus neeg tuaj txawv tebchaws tuaj ncig hauv Cameroon txhua xyoo. Kev ua liaj ua teb thiab kev tu tsiaj yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus hauv Cameroon txoj kev lag luam hauv lub tebchaws. Kev lag luam kuj muaj qee lub hauv paus thiab teev thiab qib, thiab nws qib ntawm kev lag luam kev ua haujlwm yog qib siab tshaj plaws hauv sub-Saharan Africa. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los, Cameroon kev lag luam tau loj hlob tsis tu ncua. Nyob rau xyoo 2005, qhov capita GDP nce txog 952.3 Asmeskas las. Lub Tsev Keeb Kwm Kev Cai Pab Tau Los Ntawm Tuam Tshoj yog ib qho ntawm cov tuam tsev loj heev nyob hauv nroog. Lub Tsev khaws keeb kwm ntawm kab lis kev cai sawv saum toj ntawm Chinga Roob thiab yog lub npe hu ua "Paj ntawm Kev Phooj Ywg". Nyob rau lwm lub toj nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm lub Tsev Keeb Kwm Kev Ncaj Ncees, muaj tus thawj tswj hwm tshiab lub tsev. Ob lub tsev sib fim sib nrug thiab ua lub npe zoo. Qhov "poj niam lag luam" hauv nroog yog lub tsev muaj tsib lub tsev. Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg muag khoom ntawm no tau muab npe tom qab poj niam. Nws npog thaj tsam ntawm 12,000 square metres. Muaj 390 lub khw muag khoom ua haujlwm hauv lub tsev, txij sawv ntxov mus txog tsaus ntuj. Txom Nyem. Nws tau tsim dua tshiab los ntawm kev ua lag luam uas muaj kev ntxhov siab. Nws yog qhov chaw yuav tsum tau mus xyuas ntawm tus niam tsev thiab qhov chaw tseem ceeb rau cov neeg tuaj ncig. |