ICameroon, igama elipheleleyo leRiphabhlikhi yaseCameroon, ligubungela ummandla omalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-476,000. Ifumaneka kumbindi nasentshona Afrika, imida iGulf of Guinea kumazantsi mpuma, i-ikhweyitha esemazantsi, kunye nomda osemazantsi entlango ye-Sahara entlango. Imida iNigeria emantla, iGabon, iCongo (iBrazzaville) kunye ne-Equatorial Guinea emazantsi, kunye neChad kunye ne-Central Africa entshona. Kweli lizwe kukho malunga neentlanga ezingama-200 kunye neenkolo ezintathu eziphambili.Iilwimi ezisemthethweni sisiFrentshi nesiNgesi. IYaounde, ikomkhulu lezopolitiko, inabemi abazizigidi eziyi-1.1; ikomkhulu lezoqoqosho iDouala lelona lizwe likhulu izibuko kunye neziko lezorhwebo elinabantu abangaphezulu kwezigidi ezi-2.

Uninzi lweendawo ezikulo mmandla ngamathafa, kwaye amathafa ahlala kuphela kwi-12% yelizwe. Unxweme olusemazantsi-ntshona lithafa, lide ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi; empuma mpuma yithafa eliphantsi laseCameroon elinemigxobhozo emikhulu kunye nemigxobhozo; ithafa elisemantla leBenue -Chad elinobude obuphakathi kweemitha ezingama-300-500; umbindi weAdamawa Plateau sisiseko seCentral African Plateau Icandelo, ukuphakama okuphakathi kumalunga neemitha ezili-1 000; intaba esembindini nasentshona yeCameroon yimizimba yeentaba-mlilo ezininzi, ngokubanzi iphakame kangangeemitha ezingama-2 000. Intaba-mlilo yaseCameroon kufutshane nolwandle ziimitha ezingama-4,070 ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle kwaye yeyona ndawo iphakamileyo kwilizwe naseNtshona Afrika. UMlambo iSana ngowona mlambo mkhulu, ukongeza kuMlambo iNiang, uMlambo iLogon, iBenue River njalo njalo. Imimandla eselunxwemeni yasentshona kunye nemimandla esemazantsi inemozulu yesiqhelo yehlathi elinamanzi e-ikhweyitha, eshushu kwaye efumileyo unyaka wonke, notshintsho kwisimo sezulu esineenjiko somntla. Imvula yaminyaka le kwintshona ye-volcano yaseCameroon ziimilimitha eziyi-10 000, eyenye yezona ndawo zinemvula ehlabathini. ICameroon ayisiyontle kuphela kwaye ityebile kwizixhobo zokhenketho, kodwa ikwanenani elikhulu lamaqela obuhlanga kunye nembonakalo yomntu enomtsalane.Iyanyanzela ukumila komhlaba, iintlobo zemozulu kunye neempawu zenkcubeko kwilizwekazi laseAfrika, kwaye yaziwa njenge "mini-Afrika".

Unxweme luziikhilomitha ezingama-360 ubude. Imimandla eselunxwemeni kunye nemimandla esemazantsi inemozulu yamahlathi emvula, kwaye indawo esemantla inemozulu enengca yetropiki. Iqondo lobushushu lonyaka elingu-24-28 ℃.

Ilizwe lahlulwe langamaphondo ali-10 (iPhondo loMntla, iPhondo loMntla, iPhondo laseAdamawa, iPhondo laseMpuma, iPhondo eliPhakathi, iPhondo laseMazantsi, iPhondo laseNxweme, iPhondo leNtshona, iPhondo loMzantsi-Ntshona, iPhondo loMntla-Ntshona), 58 Amazwe, izithili ezingama-268, izithili ezingama-54.

Ukusukela kwinkulungwane yesi-5 ye-AD, ubukumkani bezizwe kunye namazwe amanyeneyo ezizwe ziye zenziwa kuloo mmandla. AmaPhuthukezi ahlasela ngo-1472, kwaye ngenkulungwane ye-16, amaDatshi, amaBritane, amaFrentshi, amaJamani namanye amaKoloniyali ngokulandelelana ahlasela. Ngo-1884, iJamani yanyanzelisa uKing Douala kunxweme olusentshona lweCameroon ukuba asayine "iSivumelwano soKhuselo." Ummandla waba "luhlanga olukhuselayo" lwaseJamani, kwaye ngo-1902 wawunamathela wonke ummandla waseCameroon. Ngexesha leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, amajoni aseBritane nawaseFrance ahlala ngokwahlukeneyo eCameroon. Ngo-1919, iCameroon yahlulahlulwa yangamacandelo amabini, ummandla osempuma wahlalwa yiFrance, waza ummandla wasentshona wahlalwa yiBritani. Kwi-1922, i-League of Nations yanikezela i-East Cameroon kunye ne-West Cameroon e-Bhritane ne-France "ngomthetho olawulayo." Ngo-1946, i-United Nations General Assembly yagqiba ekubeni ibeke iMpuma neNtshona Kasas phantsi kolawulo lweBritane neFrance. Nge-1 kaJanuwari 1960, i-East Cameroon (iFrench Trust Zone) yabhengeza inkululeko yayo kwaye ilizwe labizwa ngokuba yiRiphabhlikhi yaseCameroon. UAhijo uba ngumongameli. NgoFebruwari 1961, kwaqhutywa izimvo kumantla nakumazantsi eCameroon Trust Zone.Amantla adityaniswa eNigeria nge-1 kaJuni, kwaye elasezantsi ladityaniswa neRiphabhlikhi yaseCameroon nge-1 ka-Okthobha ukuze yenze iFederal Republic yaseCameroon. Ngo-Meyi ka-1972, inkqubo yomanyano yapheliswa kwaye kwasekwa i-United Republic yaseCameroon. Ngo-1984 yatshintshwa yaba yiRiphabhlikhi yaseCameroon. UAhiqiao warhoxa ngoNovemba 1982. UPaul Biya waphumelela njengomongameli. NgoJanuwari 1984, ilizwe labizwa ngokuba yiRiphabhlikhi yaseCameroon. Ujoyine i-Commonwealth ngo-Novemba 1, 1995.

Iflegi yesizwe: yoxande kunye nomyinge wobude kububanzi be-3: 2. Ukusuka ekhohlo uye ekunene, iqulathe ooxande abathathu abalinganayo nabalinganayo, luhlaza, bomvu, tyheli, kunye neenkwenkwezi ezimthubi ezinamanqaku amahlanu embindini wenxalenye ebomvu. Luhlaza luphawu lwezityalo ezishushu zehlathi elisemazantsi eikhweyitha, kwaye lukwaluphawu lwethemba labantu ngekamva elonwabisayo; tyheli luphawu lwengca esemantla kunye nemithombo yezimbiwa, kwaye ikwaluphawu lobukhazikhazi belanga obuzisa ulonwabo ebantwini; bomvu luphawu lwamandla omanyano nobunye. Inkwenkwezi eboniswe ezintlanu ifanekisela ubunye belizwe.

Inani labemi baseCameroon zizigidi ezili-16.32 (2005). Kukho amaqela eentlanga angaphezulu kwama-200 kubandakanya iFulbe, iBamilek, i-Equator Bantu, iPygmies, uMntla-ntshona weBantu njalo njalo. Ngokunxulumene, zingaphezulu kwama-200 iilwimi zeli lizwe, akukho nanye kuzo ebhale abalinganiswa. IsiFrentshi nesiNgesi zezona lwimi zisemthethweni. Ezona lwimi ziphambili kuzwelonke ziiFulani, iYaoundé, iDouala kunye neBamelek, zonke ezingenazo izikripthi. I-Fulbe kunye nezinye izizwe ezisentshona zikholelwa kwi-Islam (malunga ne-20% yabemi beli lizwe); iindawo ezisemazantsi neziselunxwemeni zikholelwa kubuKatolika nakumaProtestanti (iipesenti ezingama-35); iindawo ezisemaphandleni nezisemaphandleni zisakholelwa kubuntwana (45%).

ICameroon inendawo ephezulu yejografi kunye neemeko zendalo, kunye nezixhobo ezininzi. Ngenxa yokuba ingumda wemozulu ezimbini zamahlathi emvula kunye neendawo ezinengca yetropika, iqondo lobushushu kunye nemvula zilunge kakhulu kuphuhliso lwezolimo, kwaye ingaphezulu kokuzimela ngokutya. Ke ngoko, iCameroon yaziwa ngokuba yi "Central African granary."

Indawo yehlathi laseCameroon ingaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-22 zehektare, ebala malunga ne-42% yendawo iyonke yelizwe. I-Timber yeyesibini ngobukhulu kwimveliso efumana imali yotshintshiselwano lwangaphandle. ICameroon ityebile ngezixhobo ze-hydraulic, kwaye izixhobo ezikhoyo ze-hydraulic zisebenzisa i-3% yobutyebi be-hydraulic. Kukwakho noovimba bezimbiwa apha, zingaphezulu kwama-30 iindidi zedipozithi eziqinisekisiweyo zangaphantsi komhlaba, ikakhulu i-bauxite, i-rutile, i-cobalt kunye ne-nickel. Ukongeza, kukho igolide, iidayimani, imarble, ilitye lekalika, imicah, njl.

ICameroon isikelelwe ngezixhobo zokhenketho ezizodwa, kubandakanya iilwandle ezinomtsalane, amahlathi ashinyeneyo kunye namachibi acwengileyo nemilambo. Kukho iindawo zokhenketho ezingama-381 kunye neendawo ezingama-45 ezikhuselweyo zeentlobo ngeentlobo kwilizwe liphela.Amabala abalulekileyo kubakhenkethi aquka imizi yogcino-zilwanyana yendalo efana neBenue, Waza neBubaengida. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amakhulu amawaka abakhenkethi bamanye amazwe abaza eCameroon minyaka le.

Ezolimo kunye nemfuyo zezona ntsika ziphambili kuqoqosho lwesizwe lwaseCameroon. Umzi mveliso unesiseko esithile kunye nenqanaba, kunye nenqanaba lokuphakama kwamashishini phakathi kweyona ndawo iphambili kwi-Afrika esemaZantsi eSahara. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uqoqosho lwaseCameroon lukhule ngokuzinzileyo. Ngo-2005, i-GDP nganye yafikelela kuma-952.3 eedola zaseMelika.

IYaoundé: Idolophu enkulu yaseCameroon, iYaounde (Yaounde) imi kwindawo eneenduli emazantsi ethafa elisembindini weCameroon, malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-200 entshona yezibuko laseDouala kunxweme lweAtlantic. Imilambo iSanaga neNiang ityhutyha amacala ayo. IYaounde inembali ende, yayiyidolophana encinci apho kwakuhlala khona isizwe samaEwando. UYaoundé wavela kwindlela yokubiza uEwando. Abembi bezinto zakudala bafumanise ibhetshi yodongwe lwakudala kunye nezembe kunye neepateni zekernel zesundu ukusuka kwi-1100 BC kwingcwaba elikufutshane. Isixeko saseYaoundé sakhiwa ngo-1880. Ngo-1889, iJamani yahlasela iCameroon yaza yakha indawo yokuqala yomkhosi apha. Ngo-1907, amaJamani amisela amaziko olawulo, kwaye isixeko saqala ukubonakala. Emva kokuba iCameroon izinze ngo-1960, iYaoundé yabekwa njengekomkhulu.

Ibhotwe leNkcubeko elincedwe yi China sesinye sezakhiwo ezikhulu esixekweni. Ibhotwe leNkcubeko limi encotsheni yeNtaba yaseChinga kwaye laziwa njenge "Ntyatyambo yobuhlobo". Kwenye induli kwikona yomntla-ntshona weNdlu yeNkcubeko, kukho ibhotwe elitsha likamongameli. Ezi zakhiwo zibini zijongana kude kwaye ziba ziimpawu ezaziwayo. "Imakethi yabasetyhini" esixekweni sisakhiwo setyhula esinemigangatho emihlanu. Uninzi lwabathengisi apha lubizwa ngamagama abantu basetyhini.Ligubungela ummandla we-12,000 yeemitha zesikwere. Ukuxinana. Yakhiwe ngokutsha ngokusekwe kwimarike yakudala enesiphithiphithi.Yindawo ekumele kutyelelwe kuyo oomama kunye nendawo ebalulekileyo yabakhenkethi.