ICameroon, igama eligcwele leRiphabhlikhi yaseCameroon, ihlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-476,000. Itholakala maphakathi nasentshonalanga ye-Afrika, inqamula iGulf of Guinea eningizimu-ntshonalanga, i-equator eningizimu, kanye nomngcele oseningizimu woGwadule iSahara enyakatho. Unqamula iNigeria enyakatho, iGabon, iCongo (iBrazzaville) ne-Equatorial Guinea eningizimu, neChad kanye ne-Afrika Ephakathi entshonalanga. Kunezinhlanga ezingaba ngu-200 nezinkolo ezinkulu ezi-3 kuleli.Izilimi ezisemthethweni yisiFulentshi nesiNgisi. IYaoundé, inhlokodolobha yezepolitiki, inabantu abayizigidi eziyi-1.1; IDouala, inhlokodolobha yezomnotho, iyisikhungo esikhulu semikhumbi nezentengiso esinabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezimbili.

Izindawo eziningi ngaphakathi kwale ndawo zingamathafa, kanti amathafa ahlala kuphela ku-12% wezwe. Ugu oluseningizimu-ntshonalanga luyithafa elinobude obude ngasenyakatho-ningizimu; ithafa eliphansi laseCameroon elinamaxhaphozi amakhulu namaxhaphozi eningizimu-mpumalanga; Ithafa laseBenue -Chad elisenyakatho, elinokuphakama okulingene kwamamitha ayi-300-500; inkaba ye-Adamawa emaphakathi iyisisekelo seCentral African Plateau Ingxenye, ukuphakama okuphakathi cishe kungamamitha ayi-1 000; izintaba ezimaphakathi nentshonalanga yezintaba-mlilo zaseCameroon ziyizidumbu zentaba-mlilo ezinemigqa eminingi, ngokuvamile eziphakeme ngamamitha ayi-2 000. Intaba-mlilo yaseCameroon eseduze nolwandle ingamamitha angu-4,070 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle futhi iyisiqongo esiphakeme kunazo zonke ezweni naseNtshonalanga Afrika. UMfula iSana wumfula omkhulu kunabo bonke, ngaphezu koMfula iNiang, uMfula iLogon, uBenue River njalonjalo. Izifunda ezisogwini olusentshonalanga nezaseningizimu zinesimo sezulu esivamile samahlathi emvula, esishisayo futhi esinomswakama unyaka wonke, nezinguquko eziya esimweni sezulu esishisayo sotshani esenyakatho. Imvula yaminyaka yonke ezinyaweni ezisentshonalanga ye-volcano yaseCameroon ingamamilimitha ayi-10 000, okungenye yezindawo ezinemvula kakhulu emhlabeni. ICameroon ayigcini nje ngokuhle futhi icebile ngezinsizakusebenza zezokuvakasha, kodwa futhi inenqwaba yamaqembu ezinhlanga nesimo somuntu esihle. Iqinisa amafomu ahlukahlukene omhlaba, izinhlobo zezulu kanye nezici zamasiko ezwekazi lase-Afrika, futhi yaziwa njenge "mini-Africa".

Ugu lolwandle lunamakhilomitha angama-360 ubude. Izifunda ezisogwini olusentshonalanga naseningizimu zinesimo sezulu esine-equatorial rainforest, kanti ingxenye esenyakatho inesimo sezulu esinezindawo ezishisayo. Ukushisa okuphakathi kwaminyaka yonke kungu-24-28 ℃.

Izwe lihlukaniswe izifundazwe eziyi-10 (Isifundazwe Esisenyakatho, Isifundazwe Esisenyakatho, Isifundazwe sase-Adamawa, Isifundazwe SaseMpumalanga, Isifundazwe Esimaphakathi, Isifundazwe SaseNingizimu, Isifundazwe Sogu, Isifundazwe saseNtshonalanga, Isifundazwe Sasentshonalanga, Isifundazwe SaseNyakatho Ntshonalanga), 58 Amazwe, izifunda ezingama-268, izifunda ezingama-54.

Kusukela ngekhulu lesi-5 AD, eminye imibuso yezizwe namazwe omfelandawonye wesizwe asakhiwe kuleyo ndawo. AmaPutukezi ahlasela ngo-1472, kwathi ngekhulu le-16, abakoloni abangamaDashi, abaseBrithani, abaseFrance nabaseJalimane bahlasela ngokulandelana. Ngo-1884, iJalimane yaphoqa iNkosi uDouala ogwini olusentshonalanga yeCameroon ukuba isayine "iSivumelwano Sokuvikela." Isifunda saba "yisizwe esivikelayo" saseJalimane, kwathi ngo-1902 sathimba yonke indawo yaseCameroon. Ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, amasosha aseBrithani nawaseFrance angena eCameroon ngokwehlukana. Ngo-1919, iCameroon yahlukaniswa yaba izifunda ezimbili, isifunda esisempumalanga sasiphethwe iFrance, kanti isifunda esentshonalanga sasiphethwe iBrithani. Ngo-1922, i-League of Nations yanikeza i-East Cameroon ne-West Cameroon iBrithani neFrance "ngomthetho wokugunyazwa." Ngo-1946, i-United Nations General Assembly yanquma ukubeka ama-Kasas aseMpumalanga nawaseNtshonalanga ngaphansi kweTrusteeship yaseBrithani neFrance. NgoJanuwari 1, 1960, i-East Cameroon (French Trust Zone) yamemezela inkululeko yayo futhi izwe laqanjwa njengeRiphabhlikhi yaseCameroon. U-Ahijo uba ngumongameli. NgoFebhuwari 1961, kwabanjwa ama-referendums enyakatho naseningizimu yeCameroon Trust Zone.Inyakatho yahlanganiswa neNigeria ngoJuni 1, futhi iningizimu yahlanganiswa neRiphabhlikhi yaseCameroon ngo-Okthoba 1 ukuze yakhe iFederal Republic of Cameroon. NgoMeyi 1972, uhlelo lombuso lwaqedwa kwasungulwa i-United Republic of Cameroon. Ngo-1984 yashintshwa yaba yiRiphabhulikhi yaseCameroon. U-Ahiqiao wesula ngoNovemba 1982. UPaul Biya uphumelele njengomongameli. NgoJanuwari 1984, izwe laqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi yiRiphabhlikhi yaseCameroon. Ujoyine iCommonwealth ngoNovemba 1, 1995.

Ifulegi likazwelonke: Lingunxande elinesilinganiso sobude nobubanzi obungu-3: 2. Ukusuka kwesobunxele kuye kwesokudla, iqukethe onxande abathathu abalinganayo nabalinganayo: okuluhlaza okotshani, okubomvu, nokuphuzi, okunenkanyezi ephuzi ekhombe amahlanu maphakathi nengxenye ebomvu. Okuluhlaza kufanekisela izitshalo ezishisayo zehlathi eliseningizimu yenkabazwe, futhi kufanekisela nethemba labantu lekusasa elijabulisayo; okuphuzi kufanekisela izindawo ezinotshani ezisenyakatho nezinsizakusebenza zamaminerali, futhi kukhombisa nokukhanya kwelanga okuletha injabulo kubantu; okubomvu kufanekisela amandla obunye nobunye. Le nkanyezi enamaphoyinti amahlanu ikhombisa ubunye bezwe.

Inani eliphelele labantu baseCameroon liyizigidi eziyi-16.32 (2005). Kunezinhlanga ezingaphezu kwama-200 ezibandakanya iFulbe, iBamilek, i-Equatorial Bantu, iPygmies, neNorth West Bantu. Ngokunjalo, kunezilimi ezingaphezu kwezingama-200 zobuzwe ezweni, okungekho kuzo ezibhalwe izinhlamvu. IsiFulentshi nesiNgisi yizilimi ezisemthethweni. Izilimi eziyinhloko zikazwelonke yiFulani, Yaoundé, Douala kanye neBamelek, zonke ezingenayo imibhalo. AmaFulbe nezinye izizwe ezisentshonalanga zikholelwa kubuSulumane (cishe ama-20% wabantu bezwe); izindawo eziseningizimu nezasogwini zikholelwa kubuKhatholika kanye nobuProthestani (35%); izindawo ezisemaphandleni nezisekude zisakholelwa ebufetisini (45%).

ICameroon inendawo ephakeme kakhulu yezwe nezimo zemvelo, futhi inezinsizakusebenza eziningi. Ngenxa yokuthi unqamula ihlathi lemvula elisenkabazwe kanye notshani obusendaweni eshisayo, amazinga okushisa nezulu afaneleka kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ezolimo, futhi kungaphezu kokuzimela ngokudla. Ngakho-ke, iCameroon yaziwa njenge "Central African Granary."

Indawo yehlathi laseCameroon ingaphezu kwamahektha ayizigidi ezingama-22, ebala cishe i-42% yendawo ephelele yezwe. I-Timber ingumkhiqizo wesibili ngobukhulu eCanada. ICameroon icebile ngemithombo ye-hydraulic, kanti imithombo etholakalayo ye-hydraulic imithombo i-3% yemithombo ye-hydraulic yomhlaba. Kunezinsizakusebenza ezinothile lapha kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingama-30 zamadiphozithi angaphansi komhlaba afakazelwe, ikakhulukazi i-bauxite, i-rutile, i-cobalt ne-nickel. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona igolide, idayimane, imabula, i-limestone, i-mica, njll.

ICameroon ibusiswe ngezinsizakusebenza ezihlukile zezokuvakasha, kufaka phakathi amabhishi amahle, amahlathi aminyene asezintombini namachibi acwebile nemifula. Kunezindawo zokuvakasha ezingama-381 nezindawo ezivikelwe ezingama-45 zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezweni lonke.Izindawo ezinkulu zezivakashi zifaka ama-zoo emvelo afana neBenue, Waza neBubaengida. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amakhulu ezinkulungwane zezivakashi zakwamanye amazwe eza eCameroon minyaka yonke.

Ezolimo nokufuya kuyizinsika ezinkulu zomnotho wezwe waseCameroon. Imboni nayo inesisekelo nesilinganiso esithile, nezinga layo lezimboni liphakathi kwabaphezulu e-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, umnotho waseCameroon ukhule ngokuqinile. Ngo-2005, i-GDP ngayinye yafinyelela kuma-dollar angama-952.3 aseMelika.

IYaoundé: Inhlokodolobha yaseCameroon, iYaounde (Yaounde) isendaweni enamagquma eningizimu yethafa elisenkabeni yeCameroon, cishe amakhilomitha angama-200 entshonalanga yeTheku laseDouala ogwini lwe-Atlantic. Imifula iSanaga neNiang idlula ezinhlangothini zayo. I-Yaounde inomlando omude.Kwakudala kwakuyidolobhana elincane lapho kwakuhlala khona isizwe sama-Ewando sendabuko. UYaoundé wavela ekubizeni kuka-Ewando. Abavubukuli bathole inqwaba yezitsha zobumba zasendulo ezinamaphethini ezembe ne-palm kernel kusukela ngo-1100 BC ethuneni eliseduze. Idolobha laseYaoundé lakhiwa ngo-1880. Ngo-1889, iJalimane yahlasela iCameroon futhi yakha indawo yokuqala yezempi lapha. Ngo-1907, amaJalimane asungula izikhungo zokuphatha lapha, futhi idolobha laqala ukwakheka. Ngemuva kokuthi iCameroon ithole inkululeko ngo-1960, iYaoundé yabekwa njengenhlokodolobha.

Isigodlo Sezamasiko esisizwa yiChina singesinye sezakhiwo ezinkulu kuleli dolobha. Isigodlo Samasiko simi esiqongweni sentaba iChinga futhi saziwa njenge "Imbali Yobungane". Kwelinye igquma elisekhoneni elisenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeNdlu Yesiko, kunesigodlo esisha sikamengameli. Lezi zakhiwo ezimbili zibhekene kude futhi ziba yizimpawu ezidumile. "Imakethe yabesifazane" edolobheni iyisakhiwo esiyindilinga esinezitezi ezinhlanu. Iningi labathengisi lapha liqanjwe ngabesifazane. Lihlanganisa indawo engamamitha-skwele ayi-12 000. Kunezitolo ezingama-390 ezisebenza kulesi sakhiwo, kusukela ekuseni kuze kube sebusuku. Kuminyene. Yakhiwa kabusha ngesisekelo semakethe endala enesiphithiphithi.Kuyindawo okufanele ivakashelwe omama bemizi nendawo ebalulekile yezivakashi yabavakashi.