Kada ʻIke kumu
| Manawa kūloko | Kou manawa |
|---|---|
|
|
|
| Kahi wā kūloko | ʻOkoʻa ʻāpana manawa |
| UTC/GMT +1 hola |
| latitu / longitude |
|---|
| 15°26'44"N / 18°44'17"E |
| iso hoʻopāʻālua |
| TD / TCD |
| kālā |
| Palani (XAF) |
| ʻLelo |
| French (official) Arabic (official) Sara (in south) more than 120 different languages and dialects |
| uila |
 ʻAno d plug Pelekane kahiko  Pākuʻi Shuko ʻano F |
| hae aupuni |
|---|
 |
| kapikala |
| N'Djamena |
| papa inoa panakō |
| Kada papa inoa panakō |
| heluna kanaka |
| 10,543,464 |
| ʻāpana |
| 1,284,000 KM2 |
| GDP (USD) |
| 13,590,000,000 |
| kelepona |
| 29,900 |
| Kelepono paʻa lima |
| 4,200,000 |
| Ka helu o nā pūnaewele Pūnaewele |
| 6 |
| Ka helu o nā mea hoʻohana Pūnaewele |
| 168,100 |
Kada hoʻolauna
|
Uhi ʻo Chad i kahi o 1.284 miliona mau kilomika kilomika, aia ma ka ʻākau o waena o ʻApelika, ma ka lihi hema o ka wao akua ʻo Sahara, a he ʻāina paʻa ʻāina ia. Aia ia i Libya ma ka ʻākau, ʻApelika Waena a me Cameroon ma ka hema, ʻo Nigera a me Nigeraia ma ke komohana, a me Sudan ma ka hikina. Pālahalaha ka ʻāina, me ka awelika kiʻekiʻe o 300-500 mau mika. ʻO ka ʻākau, hikina a me ka palena hema wale nō nā wahi a me nā kuahiwi. No ka wao akua ʻo Sahara a i ʻole semi-wao nahele; ʻo ka ʻaoʻao hikina he wahi papu ia; ʻo ka ʻaoʻao komohana a me ke komohana kahi ākea nui; ʻo ka Tibe ʻākau komohana i hāpai i ka kiʻekiʻe awelika o 2000 mika. He aniau neoneo tropical ko ka ʻākau, a ʻo ke kūkulu hema he ʻāpana steppe tropical. ʻO Chad, ka inoa piha o ka Repubalika o Chad, nona ka nui o ka ʻāina he 1.284 miliona mau kilomika kilomika. Aia ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ʻApelika, ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka wao akua ʻo Sahara, he ʻāina paʻa ʻāina ia. Aia ia i Libya ma ka ʻākau, ʻApelika Waena a me Cameroon ma ka hema, ʻo Nigera a me Nigeraia ma ke komohana, a me Sudan ma ka hikina. Pālahalaha ka ʻāina, me ka awelika kiʻekiʻe o 300-500 mau mika. ʻO ka ʻākau, hikina a me ka palena hema wale nō nā wahi a me nā kuahiwi. No ka wao nahele ʻo Sahara ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau a i ʻole semi-wao nahele, e helu ana i ka hapakolu o ka nui o ka ʻāina; ʻo ka ʻaoʻao hikina he wahi papu ia; ʻo ka ʻaoʻao komohana a me ke komohana he pālahalaha nui; ʻo ka Tibe ʻākau komohana i hāpai i ka kiʻekiʻe awelika kumu o 2,000 mika. ʻO Kuxi Mountain he 3,415 mau mika ma luna o ke kai, ʻo ia ka piko kiʻekiʻe loa o ka ʻāina a me ʻApelika Waena. ʻO nā muliwai nui ʻo Shali River, Logong River a pēlā aku. ʻO Lake Chad ka loko wai wai i loko o ka wai nui waiwaena nui ma Central Africa. Ke loli nei ka pae wai me nā kau, aia kona wahi ma waena o 1 a 25,000 kilomika kilomika. He aniau neoneo tropical ko ka ʻākau, a ʻo ke kūkulu hema he ʻāpana steppe tropical. ʻO ka heluna nui o Chad he 10.1 miliona (e like me ka manaʻo o ka London Economic Quarter ma 2006). Aia ma mua o 256 mau ʻohana nui a liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻāina. ʻO nā poʻe noho ma ka ʻākau, ke kikowaena a me ka hikina ʻo Berber, Tubu, Vadai, Bagirmi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe o ko ʻArabia poʻe, e helu ana ma kahi o 45% o ko ka ʻāina heluna; ʻo ka poʻe noho ma ka hema a ma ke komohana hema ʻo Sara ka nui. , Masa, Kotoco, Mungdang, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, no 55% o ka heluna o ka ʻāina. Hoʻohana nā kamaʻāina ma ka hema i ka ʻōlelo Sudan iā Sarah, a ma ka ʻākau, hoʻohana lākou i ka ʻAlapia ʻAlapia. Palani a me ʻAlapia nā ʻōlelo kūhelu ʻelua. 44% o nā kamaʻāina e manaʻoʻiʻo i ka Hoʻomana Mohameka, 33% e manaʻoʻiʻo i ka hoʻomana Kalikiano, a ʻo 23% e manaʻoʻiʻo i ka hoʻomana haipule. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā keʻena hoʻokele kūloko ma Chad i ʻehā mau pae: ʻāpana, panalāʻau, kūlanakauhale a me nā kauhale. Ua mahele ʻia ka ʻāina i 28 mau panalāʻau, 107 mau mokuʻāina, 470 mau ʻāpana, a me 44 mau panalāʻau kuʻuna. ʻO ke kapikala ʻo N'Djamena, no kahi keʻena hoʻokele kūʻokoʻa. He moʻolelo lōʻihi ko Chad, a ʻo ka "moʻomeheu Sao" kahi mea nui o ka hale waiwai o ka moʻomeheu ʻApelika. Ma 500 BC, ua noho ʻia ka ʻaoʻao hema o Lake Chad. Ua hoʻokumu kūleʻa ʻia kekahi mau aupuni Muslim i ka 9th-10 mau kenekulia AD, a ʻo ke aupuni Ganem-Bornu ke sultanate Muslim nui. Ma hope o ke kenekulia 16, ua hakakā ke aupuni o Bagirmi a me Vadai e hakakā, a aia he melee ʻekolu lāhui mai ia manawa. Mai 1883-1893, ua lanakila nā aupuni āpau e ka Sudan Bach-Zubair. I ka hopena o ke kenekulia 19, ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe kolone Farani e komo kaua a noho i ka ʻāina āpau i 1902. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma ke ʻano he panalāʻau o French Equatorial Africa ma 1910, a ua hoʻolaha ʻia ma ke ʻano he repubalika kūʻokoʻa i loko o ka "Community Community" ma 1958. Ua loaʻa ke kūʻokoʻa ma ʻAukake 11, 1960 a hoʻokumu i ka Repubalika o Chad. hae aupuni: he huinahā lōʻihi me ka lakio o ka lōʻihi i ka laulā o 3: 2. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka pae hae i ʻekolu mau huinahā kaulike a kaulike hoʻi. Mai ka hema a me ka ʻākau, polū, melemele, a ʻulaʻula lākou. Hōʻailona ka polū i ka lani polū, ka manaʻolana a me ke ola, a hōʻike pū i ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻāina; hōʻailona ka melemele i ka lā a me ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka ʻāina; hōʻailona ka ʻula i ka holomua, ka lokahi a me ka ʻuhane hoʻolaʻa i ka ʻāina makuahine. He ʻāina mahiʻai a mahi ʻai holoholona ʻo Chad a ʻo kekahi o nā ʻāina ulu liʻiliʻi loa o ka honua. ʻO nā helu waiwai nui i ka makahiki 2005 penei: ʻO ka GDP ma kēlā me kēia capita he 5.47 biliona kālā US, a ʻo ke poʻo GDP he 601 kālā US, a ʻo ka nui o ka ulu waiwai ʻana he 5.9%. He ʻāina ʻaila e kupu nei ʻo Chad. Ua hoʻomaka ka ʻimi ʻaila ʻaila ma nā makahiki 1970 a ua ulu koke ʻo ia i kēia manawa. Ua huki ʻia ka luawai exploratory mua ma 1974, ua loaʻa ka ʻike mua o ka aila i ka makahiki hoʻokahi, a ua hoʻomaka ka hana ʻaila ma 2003. ʻO nā wahi mākaʻikaʻi nui ma Chad ʻo N'Djamena, Mondu, Fada-kahi kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi oasis me kahi o 5,000 mau kamaʻāina, nā wahi o ke kaona nani, a me nā pōhaku ʻē me ka moʻolelo o ʻoi aku ma mua o 5,000 mau makahiki. , Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ana piha i nā mural ma nā wahi āpau. Hoʻohui ʻia, aia ʻo Faya, Lake Chad-kahi wahi maikaʻi loa ʻo ia kahi ʻano holoholona maoli. ʻO nā mokupuni lana i loko o ka loko e noho ʻia e nā holoholona wai a me ka honua. Nui nā iʻa i loko o ka loko. 130 ʻano ʻO N'Djamena ke kikowaena ʻoihana ʻoihana nui a me kahi kikowaena halihali. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻoihana ʻenehana hou i kūkulu ʻia i ka ʻāina i concentrated, e komo pū me ka unuhi nui ʻana i ka aila, ka palaoa, ka lole a me ka hana ʻana i kaʻiʻo, a me nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi a me waena e like me ka hana kō, hana kāmaʻa a me ka hui paikikala. Aia ka mea kanu ʻo N'Djamena mana nui loa ma ka ʻāina. Hoʻohui nā ala kumu i nā kūlanakauhale nui a puni ka ʻāina a me nā ʻāina kokoke e like me Nigeria. ʻO ka moku kahawai kahawai ʻoi loa o ka ʻāina a ʻo ia wale nō ka international airport. ʻO ka wahi kaona kahi noho o nā keʻena o ke aupuni, me nā hoʻonohonoho alanui maʻamau, ka hapa nui o nā hale ʻano ʻEulopa, nā wahi noho no nā poʻe Komohana, a me nā hōkele waiwai a me nā villas. ʻO ka moku hikina ka ʻāpana moʻomeheu a me ka hoʻonaʻauao, me ke Kulanui o Chad a me nā kula ʻenehana like ʻole, a me nā hale hōʻikeʻike, nā kahua pāʻani a me nā haukapila. ʻO ka ʻĀpana ʻĀkau ka nui o kahi a he wahi kūloko a me ka ʻāpana ʻoihana. ʻO ke komohana komohana ka wahi hana me ka luku nui a me nā mea kanu waiho anuanu, nā wahi waiho aila, a pēlā aku. |