Kina ʻIke kumu
| Manawa kūloko | Kou manawa |
|---|---|
|
|
|
| Kahi wā kūloko | ʻOkoʻa ʻāpana manawa |
| UTC/GMT +8 hola |
| latitu / longitude |
|---|
| 34°40'5"N / 104°9'57"E |
| iso hoʻopāʻālua |
| CN / CHN |
| kālā |
| Renminbi (CNY) |
| ʻLelo |
| Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua based on the Beijing dialect) Yue (Cantonese) Wu (Shanghainese) Minbei (Fuzhou) Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese) Xiang Gan Hakka dialects minority languages |
| uila |
 |
| hae aupuni |
|---|
 |
| kapikala |
| Pekina |
| papa inoa panakō |
| Kina papa inoa panakō |
| heluna kanaka |
| 1,330,044,000 |
| ʻāpana |
| 9,596,960 KM2 |
| GDP (USD) |
| 9,330,000,000,000 |
| kelepona |
| 278,860,000 |
| Kelepono paʻa lima |
| 1,100,000,000 |
| Ka helu o nā pūnaewele Pūnaewele |
| 20,602,000 |
| Ka helu o nā mea hoʻohana Pūnaewele |
| 389,000,000 |
Kina hoʻolauna
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Aia ʻo Kina ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka pae ʻāina ʻAsia a me ke kapakai komohana o ka Moana Pākīpika, me kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻāina ma kahi o 9.6 miliona mau kilomika kilomika. ʻO ka palena ʻāina ʻo Kina ma mua o 49 kekelē o ka latitude mai ka puʻu o ka muliwai Heilongjiang ʻākau o ka muliwai Mohe ma ka ʻākau a hiki i ka Zengmu Shoal ma ke kihi hema o nā Nansha Islands ma ka hema; mai ka hui o nā Heilongjiang a me Wusuli Rivers ma ka hikina a i nā Pamirs ma ke komohana, e hoʻonui ana ma mua o 60 kekelē i ka longitude. Mai ka hema a i ke kūkulu ʻākau, mai ka hikina a i ke komohana, ʻoi aku ka mamao ma mua o 5000 mau kilomita. ʻO ka palena ʻāina o Kina he 22,800 kilomita ka loa, ʻo ka palena ʻāina ʻāina ma kahi o 18,000 kilomita ka lōʻihi, a ʻo ka ʻāpana kai he 4.73 miliona mau kilomika kilomika. Aia ʻo Kina ma ka hikina o ʻAsia, ma ke komohana o ka Moana Pākīpika. ʻO ka ʻāina he 9.6 miliona mau kilomika kilomika, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao hikina a me ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka palena ʻoi aku ma mua o 18,000 kilomita, a ʻo ka wahi o ka wai kai kai a me ke kai palena e pili ana iā 4.7 miliona mau kilomika kuea. Aia he 7,600 mau mokupuni nunui a liʻiliʻi hoʻi i ke kai, nona ka mokupuni ʻo Taiwan ka nui me ka nui o 35,798 kilomika kilomika. Ua palena ʻo Kina i nā ʻāina he 14 a pili i nā ʻāina he 8 ma ke kai. Māhele ʻia nā māhele hoʻomalu panalāʻau i nā kūlanakauhale ʻehā ma lalo pono o ke Aupuni Kūloko, 23 mau panalāʻau, 5 mau moku kūʻokoʻa, 2 mau ʻāpana hoʻokele kūikawā a me ke kapikala ʻo Beijing. He kiʻekiʻe ka ʻāina kiʻekiʻe o Kina ma ke komohana a haʻahaʻa ma ka hikina. ʻO nā mauna, nā plateaus a me nā puʻu e pili ana i 67% o ka ʻāpana ʻāina, a ʻo nā kīʻaha a me nā kula e pili ana i 33% o ka ʻāpana ʻāina. ʻO ka mauna ka nui ma ka hikina-komohana a me ka ʻākau hikina-komohana, ʻo ka nui me nā mauna ʻo Altai, nā mauna ʻo Tianshan, nā mauna Kunlun, nā mauna Karakoram, nā mauna Himalayas, nā mauna Yinshan, nā mauna ʻo Qinling, nā mauna Nanling, nā mauna Daxinganling, nā mauna ʻo Changbai, nā mauna ʻo Taihang, nā mauna Wuyi, nā mauna ʻo Taiwan a me nā kuahiwi Hengduan. . Ma ke komohana, aia ka Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, ka mea nui loa ma ka honua, me kahi awelika kiʻekiʻe o 4,000 mau mika. ʻIke ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he "Roof of the World". ʻO 8,444.43 mau mika ma luna o Everest, ʻo ia ka piko kiʻekiʻe loa o ka honua. ʻO Mongolia kūloko, ka ʻĀina Xinjiang, ka Loess Plateau, ke Kapu Sichuan a me ka Plainau ʻo Yunnan-Guizhou i ka ʻākau a me ka hikina ka ʻelua o nā kaha kiʻi ʻāina o Kina. Aia ka hapa nui o nā pāpū a me nā puʻu mai ka hikina o ka Daxinganling-Taihang Mountain-Wu Mountain-Wuling Mountain-Xuefeng Mountain a hiki i kahakai, ʻo ia ke kolu o ka ʻanuʻu. Aia i ka papa ʻaina ʻĀinapuni i ka hikina a me ka hema o ke kahakai ka nui o nā kumuwaiwai kai. He moʻolelo lōʻihi kā Kina. ʻO ka poʻe Yuanmou 1.7 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei he kanaka ʻike mua loa ʻia ma Kina. I ke kenekulia 21 BC, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Xia Dynasty, ka ʻāina kauā mua loa ma Kina. I nā makahiki he tausani i hala, ua hoʻohana ka poʻe Kina i kā lākou pono ponoʻī a me ka naʻauao e hana i kahi moʻomeheu mōʻaukala a moʻomeheu maikaʻi hoʻi, i ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana, ka nohona pili kanaka, ka manaʻo moʻokalaleo, etc. Ua hana ʻia nā hanana kūpilikiʻi ma kēia ʻano. ʻO ka moʻolelo o ko Kina moʻolelo i kēia manawa ka moʻolelo o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa a me ke kūʻē ʻana o ka poʻe Kina, akā ʻo ka poʻe koa wiwo ʻole a puʻuwai naʻau i hakakā i ke koko a hoʻokahuli i ka noho aliʻi feudal a hoʻokumu i aupuni aupuni kemokalaka. I ka makahiki 1921, ua hānau ʻia ka Aoao Komunista nui o Kina, nāna i kuhikuhi i ke ʻaoʻao no ka hoʻokahuli aupuni Kina. <ʻO Kina ka ʻāina ulu nui i ka honua. ʻO ka heluna kanaka nui, lawa ʻole ka lawa, a me ka nāwaliwali e lawe ana i ka hiki i ke ʻano o nā kūlana aupuni o Kina i kēia manawa, paʻakikī e hoʻololi i kahi manawa pōkole. Mai ka makahiki 1970, ua hoʻokō ʻole ke aupuni Kina i ka kulekele aupuni maʻamau o ka hoʻolālā ʻohana ma ʻō a puni ka ʻāina a hoʻokō i ke ala o ka hoʻomōhala hoʻomau. Nui nā hui lāhui ma Kina, a he 56 mau lāhui i loaʻa i kā lākou mau ʻano ponoʻī, kāwili pū kekahi me kekahi, a me ka hoʻolaha pū ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o ka nohona. ʻO Pukeʻo "Beijing" no ka pōkole, ke kapikala o ka People's Republic of China, ke kikowaena o ka politika a me ka moʻomeheu Kina, a me ke kikowaena o nā kūkaʻi honua. Kiʻekiʻe ka ʻāina ʻo Beijing ma ke komohana ʻākau a haʻahaʻa ma ka hema hikina. ʻO ke komohana, ʻākau a me ka ʻākau hikina e hoʻopuni ʻia e nā kuahiwi ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu, a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao hikina hema kahi papu e iho mālie ana i ke kai ʻo Bohai. Pili ʻo Beijing i kahi aniau semi-ʻāpana mehana mehana, me nā kau ʻehā, ka puna pōkole a me ke kauwela, a me ka hoʻoilo lōʻihi a me ke kauwela. ʻO Beijing ke kaona o ka "Beijing Ape Man" kaulana. He moʻolelo kona ma mua o 3,000 mau makahiki o ke kūkulu kūlanakauhale ʻana me nā huaʻōlelo a me nā moʻomeheu moʻomeheu. ʻO ia ke kapikala nui o nā moʻokūʻauhau Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming a me Qing. Ma ʻOkakopa 1, 1949, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Repubalika Kina o Kina, a ua lilo ʻo Beijing i kapikala o ka People's Republic of China a me ke kikowaena politika, kikowaena moʻomeheu a me waena kikowaena o ka ʻāina. ʻO ke kūlanakauhale pāpā ʻia ʻo Beijing, ka paia nui, ka Zhoukoudian Ape Man Site, ka luakini o ka lani, a me ka Palace Palace i helu ʻia ma ke ʻano he hoʻoilina moʻomeheu honua e Nā Aupuni Hui Pū ʻIa. He waiwai waiwai ko Beijing ma nā wahi mākaʻikaʻi, a ʻoi aku ma mua o 200 mau wahi mākaʻikaʻi i wehe i ka honua waho, e like me ka hale aliʻi nui loa o ka honua, ka Forbidden City, ka Luakini o ka Lani, ka Royal Garden Beihai, ka Royal Garden Summer Palace, a me ka Badaling, Mutianyu, a me Simatai Nui Pā. A me ka hale pā hale nui nui loa o ka honua, Prince Gong's Mansion a me nā wahi mōʻaukala ʻē aʻe. Aia he 7309 moʻomeheu moʻomeheu a me nā pūnaewele mōʻaukala i ke kūlanakauhale, e pili pū ana me nā anakahiki he 42 a me nā 222 moʻomeheu pale kulanakauhale. Pilikino ma ke ʻano he "Shanghai", aia ia ma ka lihi mua o ka muliwai ʻo Yangtze Delta, e pili ana i ke kai Kina Hikina ma ka hikina, ʻo Hangzhou Bay ma ka hema, a me nā panalāʻau ʻo Jiangsu a me Zhejiang ma ke komohana. ʻO ke kahawai o ka muliwai Yangtze ma ka ʻākau ma ka waena o ke kahakai ʻākau a hema o Kina, me ka halihali kūpono, ke kaiāulu nui a me kahi kiʻekiʻe loa. He awa maikaʻi kai muliwai maikaʻi ia. Koe wale no kekahi mau puʻu a me nā mauna ma ke komohana hema, piha ʻo Shanghai i nā pāpū ākea a haʻahaʻa, ʻo ia kekahi ʻāpana o ka pā alluvial o ka Yangtze River Delta. Aia ʻo Shanghai i ke aniau monopona subtropical ʻākau me nā kau ʻehā, ka lā nui a me ka ua nui. ʻO ke aniau ma Shanghai he akahai a ʻūlū, me ka puna wai pōkole a me ke kau a me ka hoʻoilo lōʻihi a me ke kauwela ʻO ka ʻaoʻao kahakai ʻo Shanghai e pili kokoke ana i ka East China Sea a waiwai i nā waiwai wai. Wahi a nā helu helu, aia he 700 mau kumuwaiwai wai ma ka East China Sea a me ke Kai Yellow. He kūlanakauhale moʻomeheu ʻo Shanghai me ka mōʻaukala lōʻihi. E like me ka hopena o 2004, ua helu ʻia ʻo Shanghai ma ke ʻano he mālama aupuni moʻomeheu moʻomeheu kīʻaha, 114 kulanakauhale-ʻohana moʻomeheu pale pale, 29 pūnaewele hoʻomanaʻo, a me 14 pūnaewele palekana. Ma kēia manawa, aia nō kekahi mau pūnaewele mōʻaukala a me nā māla ʻano like ʻole mai nā Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming a me Qing Dynasties. ke kapikala o ke Kalana ʻo Guangdong, ke kikowaena politika, hoʻokele waiwai, ʻenehana, aʻo a moʻomeheu o ka moku ʻo Guangdong. Aia ʻo Guangzhou ma ka hema o ka ʻāina nui ʻo Kina, ma ka ʻaoʻao hema-hema o ka moku ʻo Guangdong, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka Delta ʻo ka muliwai ʻo Momi, a kokoke i ka waha o nā ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ke kahawai ʻo Pearl River. ʻOiai he nui nā mokupuni a me nā kahawai kūpikipiki ʻo ka muliwai ʻo Momi, ʻo Humen, Jiaomen, Hongqimen a me nā kahawai ʻē aʻe e hele i ke kai, e hoʻolilo ana iā Guangzhou i kai kū moku maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻouna kai moana a Kina a me kahi awa e lawe mai a lawe aku i loko o ka Lae ʻIli Momi. ʻO Guangzhou kahi hui pū o Beijing-Guangzhou, Guangzhou-Shenzhen, Guangmao a me Guangmei-Shan alahao a me kahi kikowaena mokulele mokulele ma Kina Hema. He pili loa ia me nā ʻāpana āpau o ka ʻāina. No laila, ʻike ʻia ʻo Guangzhou ʻo "ka ʻīpuka hema" o Kina. Aia ʻo Guangzhou ma ka ʻaoʻao hema subtropical, a ʻo kona aniau kahi ʻano kai monona maʻamau i ka ʻāpana subtropical hema. Ma muli o ke kuahiwi a me ke kai, kupaianaha loa ke ʻano kai o ke kai, me ka mehana a me ka ua, lawa ka mālamalama a me ka wela, nā ʻokoʻa wela liʻiliʻi, nā kauwela lōʻihi a me nā wā hau hau. ʻO ke kapikala o ke Panalāʻau ʻo Shaanxi, kahi kūlanakauhale mōʻaukala a moʻomeheu kaulana honua, ʻo ia ka mua o nā poʻo ʻeono o Kina, a me kahi noiʻi ʻepekema nui, ʻO ke kula kiʻekiʻe, ʻoihana ʻenehana pale kūloko a me ka ʻoihana ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe. Aia ʻo Xiʻan i loko o ke kahawai ʻo Guanzhong ma waenakonu o ke kahawai ʻo Yellow River. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o ke kiʻekiʻe ma ke kūlanakauhale ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa ma waena o nā kūlanakauhale o ka ʻāina. Ua kapa ʻia ka wahi ʻo Xiʻan ma ke ʻano he "Walu Wā Ma kahi o Changʻan" mai ka wā kahiko. ʻO ka hoʻomohala stratum paʻakikī a me nā ʻano ʻano ʻokoʻa e hāʻawi i nā kūlana maikaʻi no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai mineral. ʻO ka wahi ākea o Xiʻan kahi wahi mahana mehana a me ke ʻano o ka ua monona ʻāpana semi-humid, me nā kau ʻehā: ke anuanu, mehana, maloʻo a pulu hoʻi. Nui ka waiwai ʻo Xiʻan i ka waiwai moʻomeheu a me nā mea huakaʻi a ua lilo ia i hoʻokahi o nā kūlanakauhale mākaʻikaʻi kaulana ma Kina. |