I-Ireland ihlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-70,282. Kutholakala engxenyeni eseningizimu emaphakathi yesiqhingi sase-Ireland entshonalanga yeYurophu. Umngcele woLwandle i-Atlantic ngasentshonalanga, unqamula eBritish Northern Ireland uye enyakatho-mpumalanga, futhi ubheke iBrithani ngaphesheya koLwandle i-Ireland empumalanga. Ugu lungamakhilomitha angama-3169 ubude. Phakathi nendawo kunamagquma namathafa, kanti izindawo ezisogwini ikakhulukazi ziyizinkangala. Umfula iShannon, umfula omude kunayo yonke, ungamakhilomitha angama-370 ubude. Ichibi elikhulu kunawo wonke yiLake Korib (amakhilomitha-skwele ayi-168). Inesimo sezulu sasolwandle esipholile. I-Ireland yaziwa njenge "Emerald Island Country".

Izwe lihlukaniswe izifunda ezingama-26, amadolobha ama-4 ezingeni lamadolobha kanye nemizi engu-7 engeyona eyezifunda. Isifunda sinezindawo ezisemadolobheni kanye namadolobha.

Ngo-3000 BC, abokufika baseyurophu baseyurophu baqala ukuhlala esiqhingini sase-Ireland. Ngo-432 AD, uSt. Patrick weza lapha ukuzosabalalisa ubuKrestu namasiko amaRoma. Wangena umphakathi feudal ngekhulu le-12. Kwahlaselwa iBrithani ngo-1169. Ngo-1171, inkosi yaseNgilandi uHenry II yasungula umthetho wothando. INkosi yaseNgilandi yaba yiNkosi yase-Ireland ngo-1541. Ngo-1800, Kwasayinwa iSivumelwano Sobumbano Lwezothando-neBrithani kwasungulwa i-United Kingdom yaseGreat Britain ne-Ireland, eyayihlanganiswe ngokuphelele yiBrithani. Ngo-1916, kwaqubuka "Ukuvukela Ama-Easter" eBrithani eDublin. Ngokukhuphuka kombuso wenkululeko kazwelonke wase-Ireland, uhulumeni waseBrithani kanye ne-Ireland basayina iSivumelwano SamaNgisi Nama-Ireland ngoDisemba 1921, kwavumela izifunda ezingama-26 eningizimu ye-Ireland ukuthi zisungule "izwe elikhululekile" futhi zijabulele ukuzimela. Izifunda eziyisithupha ezisenyakatho (manje eyiNyakatho Ireland) zisengaphansi kwe-United Kingdom. Ngo-1937, uMthethosisekelo wase-Ireland wamemezela "iFree State" njenge-republic, kepha yahlala ku-Commonwealth. NgoDisemba 21, 1948, iPhalamende lase-Ireland laphasisa umthetho omemezela ukuthi uhlukanisiwe ne-Commonwealth. Ngo-Ephreli 18, 1949, iBrithani yakwamukela ukuzimela kothando, kepha yenqaba ukuyibuyisela ezifundeni eziyisithupha ezisenyakatho. Ngemuva kwenkululeko yase-Ireland, ohulumeni base-Ireland abalandelanayo sebemukele ukugcwaliseka kokuhlanganiswa kweNyakatho neNingizimu ye-Ireland njengenqubomgomo esunguliwe.

Ifulegi likazwelonke: Ngunxande ovundlile onesilinganiso sobude nobubanzi buka-2: 1. Ukusuka kwesobunxele kuye kwesokudla, iqukethe onxande abathathu abalinganayo abaqondile: okuluhlaza okotshani, okumhlophe ne-orange. Okuluhlaza okotshani umele abantu base-Ireland abakholelwa kubuKhatholika futhi ubuye abonakalise isiqhingi esiluhlaza sase-Ireland; i-orange imele ubuProthestani kanye nabalandeli bayo. Lo mbala ubuye uphefumulelwe umbala weSigodlo sase-Orange-Nassau, futhi umele nodumo nengcebo; okumhlophe kufanekisela amaKhatholika Isivumelwano saphakade, ubumbano nobungane namaProthestani nakho kufanekisela ukufuna ukukhanya, inkululeko, intando yeningi nokuthula.

Inani labantu base-Ireland liyizigidi ezingama-4.2398 (Ephreli 2006). Iningi labo lingama-Irish. Izilimi ezisemthethweni isi-Irish nesiNgisi. Izakhamuzi ezingama-91.6% zikholelwa kubuRoma Katolika, kanti ezinye zikholelwa kubuProthestani.

Emlandweni, i-Ireland kwakuyizwe elalilawulwa ezolimo nokufuya, futhi lalaziwa njenge- "European Manor". I-Ireland yaqala ukusebenzisa inqubomgomo evulekile ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1950 futhi yathuthukisa ezomnotho ngokushesha ngawo-1960. Kusukela ngeminyaka yama-1980, i-Ai iqhubele phambili ukuthuthukiswa komnotho wezwe ngezimboni zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu njenge-software kanye ne-bioengineering, futhi ihehe inani elikhulu lotshalo-mali lwaphesheya kwezilwandle ngendawo enhle yokutshala imali, kuqedela inguquko kusuka emnothweni wokufuya nokufuya kuya emnothweni wolwazi. Kusukela ngo-1995, umnotho wezwe lase-Ireland uqhubekile nokukhula ngokushesha futhi waba yizwe elinomnotho oshesha kakhulu kwi-Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, eyaziwa nge "European Tiger". Ngo-2006, i-GDP yase-Ireland yayingu-US $ 202.935 billion, ngesilinganiso somuntu ngamunye samadola ase-US 49,984. Ingelinye lamazwe acebe kakhulu emhlabeni.

IDublin: I-Ireland yaziwa njenge-emerald ye-Atlantic Ocean, kanti inhlokodolobha, iDublin, ihlotshiswe ngama-emeralds amnyama. IDublin isho ukuthi "umfula wamanzi amnyama" ngolimi lwasekuqaleni lwesiGaeltic, ngoba isiqu sentaba yaseWicklow ngaphansi koMfula iLiffey ogeleza phakathi edolobheni wenza umfula ube mnyama. IDublin iseduze neDublin Bay ogwini olusempumalanga yesiqhingi sase-Ireland, enendawo engaphezu kwamakhilomitha-skwele angama-250 kanye nabantu abangu-1.12 million (2002).

Igama langempela likaDublin yiBellasacres, okusho ukuthi "idolobha elibiyelwe ngesikebhe" futhi lisho ukuthi "ichibi elimnyama" ngesi-Irish. Ngo-140 AD, "iDublin" iye yaqoshwa emibhalweni yezwe lesazi esingumGreki uPtolemy. Ngo-Ephreli 1949, ngemuva kokuthi i-Ireland izithole ngokuphelele, iDublin yaqokwa ngokusemthethweni njengenhloko-dolobha futhi yaba yindawo yokuhlala izinhlaka zikahulumeni, iphalamende kanye neNkantolo Ephakeme.

IDublin yidolobha lasendulo futhi eliyingqayizivele eligcwele izinkondlo. Amabhuloho ayishumi awela uMfula iLiffey axhuma enyakatho naseningizimu. Kutholakala osebeni oluseningizimu lomfula, iDublin Castle iyisakhiwo esidume kakhulu esidala edolobheni.Yakhiwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-13 futhi ngokomlando kwakuyisihlalo seNdlu Yombusi WaseBrithani e-Ireland. Le nqaba inamahhovisi ohlu lozalo, imibhoshongo yokugcina umlando, iSonto LikaZiqu-zintathu namahholo. Ihhovisi lozalo, elakhiwa ngo-1760, litholakala ngaphambi kwenqaba, kufaka phakathi nensimbi eyisiyingi eyindilinga kanye nomnyuziyamu wozalo lobuzwe. I-Holy Trinity Church iyisakhiwo samaGothic esakhiwa ngo-1807, esaziwa ngemidwebo yaso emihle. ILeinster Palace yakhiwa ngo-1745 futhi manje sekuyiNdlu YePhalamende. I-Irish Post Office iyisakhiwo somlando segranite lapho kumenyezelwe khona ukuzalwa kweRiphabhlikhi yase-Ireland futhi ifulegi lase-Ireland eliluhlaza, elimhlophe nelolintshi laphakanyiswa okokuqala ophahleni.

I-Dublin iyisikhungo sikazwelonke sezamasiko nezemfundo.Ikolishi elidumile iTrinity (okungukuthi iYunivesithi yaseDublin), i-Bishop's University of Ireland, iNational Library, iMnyuziyamu kanye neRoyal Society yaseDublin konke kutholakala lapha. I-Trinity College yasungulwa ngo-1591 futhi inomlando weminyaka engaphezu kwengu-400. Umtapo wolwazi wekolishi ungomunye wemitapo yolwazi emikhulu e-Ireland, enezincwadi ezingaphezu kwesigidi, eziqukethe imibhalo yesandla yasendulo neyangenkathi ephakathi nezincwadi ezashicilelwa ekuqaleni. Phakathi kwazo, ivangeli lekhulu lesi-8 elaliboniswe kahle elithi "The Book of Kells" liyigugu kunawo wonke.

I-Dublin iyitheku elikhulu kunawo wonke e-Ireland, futhi ukuhweba kwayo okungenisa nokuthekelisa kuhlanganisa nengxenye yokuhwebelana kwangaphandle okuphelele kwezwe. Kunemikhumbi engu-5 000 ephuma ethekwini minyaka yonke. IDublin futhi idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke lokukhiqiza e-Ireland, linezimboni ezifana nokupheka, okokugqoka, izindwangu, amakhemikhali, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini emikhulu, izimoto nezinsimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iDublin futhi iyisikhungo esibalulekile sezezimali ezweni.