Fotigal, cikakken sunan Jamhuriyar Fotigal, ya mamaye yankin murabba'in kilomita 91,900 (Disamba 2005). Ya kasance a yankin kudu maso yamma na yankin Iberian a cikin Turai. Tana iyaka da Spain daga gabas da arewa, da kuma Tekun Atlantika zuwa kudu maso yamma. Yankin bakin teku ya fi kilomita 800 tsawo. Yankin ƙasa yana da tsawo a arewa kuma ƙasa da kudu, galibi tsaunuka da tsaunuka. Yankin arewacin shine yankin Meseta Plateau; yankin tsakiyar dutse yana da matsakaicin tsayi na mita 800 zuwa 1,000, kuma tsaunin Estrela yana da tsayin 1991 a saman tekun; kudu da yamma tuddai ne da filayen bakin teku bi da bi. Babban kogunan sune Tejo, Douro (kilomita 322 ta yankin) da kuma Montego. Arewa tana da yanayin yanayin teku mai zurfin yanayi, kuma kudu tana da yanayin Yankin Bahar Rum. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi ya kasance 7-11 ℃ a watan Janairu da 20-26 ℃ a watan Yuli. Matsakaicin yanayin hazo na shekara-shekara shine 500-1000 mm.

An kasa kasar zuwa yankuna 18 na gudanarwa, sune: Lisbon, Porto, Coimbra, Viañado Castro, Braga, Villaril, Bragança, Guadalcanal Erda, Leiria, Aveiro, Viseu, Santarem, Evora, Faro, Castello Blanco, Portalegre, Beja, Situbal. Akwai kuma yankuna biyu masu cin gashin kansu, Madeira da Azores.

Portugal tana ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin ƙasashen Turai. Dogon lokacin mulkin Rome, Jamusawa da Moors. Ya zama masarauta mai zaman kanta a cikin 1143. A cikin ƙarni na 15 da na 16, ta fara faɗaɗa ƙasashen ƙetare kuma a jere ta kafa yawancin yankuna a Afirka, Asiya, da Amurka, ta zama ikon teku. Spain ta hade shi a cikin 1580 kuma yantata daga mulkin Spanish a 1640. A cikin 1703 ya zama batun Bature. A cikin 1820, masu ilimin tsarin mulkin Portugal sun ƙaddamar da juyin juya hali don korar sojojin Burtaniya. An kafa Jamhuriya ta Farko a 1891. An kafa Jamhuriya ta Biyu a watan Oktoba 1910. Shiga cikin Kawancen a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Farko. A watan Mayu 1926, aka kifar da jamhuriya ta biyu kuma aka kafa gwamnatin soja. A cikin 1932, Salazar ya zama Firayim Minista kuma ya kafa mulkin kama-karya na Fascist a Fotigal. A cikin Afrilu 1974, "Forcesungiyar Sojojin Sama" wacce ta ƙunshi wasu rukuni na manyan jami'ai da ƙananan hukumomi sun kifar da gwamnatin mai mulkin-kai da ke mulkin Portugal fiye da shekaru 40 kuma suka fara aiwatar da demokraɗiyya.

Tutar ƙasa: Yana da murabba'i mai kusurwa huɗu da faɗi 3: 2. Tutar tuta ta ƙunshi sassa biyu: hagu, kore da dama, ja. Yankin koren murabba'i ne na tsaye, ɓangaren ja yana kusa da murabba'i, kuma yankinsa ya ninka girman rabin ɓangaren sau ɗaya da rabi. Alamar ƙasar Portugal an zana a tsakiyar layin ja da kore. Launin launi ja yana nuna bikin kafa Jamhuriya ta Biyu a 1910, kuma koren launi yana nuna girmamawa ga Yarima Henry, wanda ake kira "Navigator".

Fotigal tana da yawan jama'a sama da miliyan 10.3 (2005). Fiye da kashi 99% daga cikinsu ‘yan kasar Portugal ne, sauran kuma‘ yan kasar Spain ne. Harshen hukuma shine Fotigal. Fiye da 97% na mazauna sun yi imani da Katolika.

Portugal kasa ce da ke da ci gaba wacce take da arzikin kasar gaba daya dalar Amurka biliyan 176.629 a shekarar 2006, tare da darajar kowane mutum na dalar Amurka 16647. Kasar Portugal tana da arzikin ma'adanai, musamman tungsten, jan karfe, pyrite, uranium, hematite, magnetite da marmara.Tungsten ya kasance na farko a Yammacin Turai. Manyan sassan masana'antu sun hada da kayan masaku, tufafi, abinci, takardu, abin toshewa, kayan lantarki, tukwane, da hada giya. Masana'antar sabis ta Fotigal ta haɓaka cikin sauri, kuma yawan ƙimar fitarwarsa a cikin tattalin arziƙin ƙasa da kuma yawan masana'antar a cikin yawan ma'aikata masu aiki sun kusanci matakin ƙasashe masu ci gaba a Turai. Yankin gandun daji ya kai hekta miliyan 3.6, wanda ya kai kashi 1 bisa 3 na fadin kasar.Ya samar da itace mai taushi ya kai fiye da rabin yawan abin da ake fitarwa a duniya, kuma fitar da shi ya kasance na farko a duniya, don haka ake kiranta da "Masarautar Kukori". Fotigal ita ce ɗayan manyan ƙasashe masu samar da ruwan inabi a duniya, kuma Porto a arewa shahararren yanki ne mai samar da ruwan inabi. Turan tumatir na Fotigal sananne ne a Turai kuma shine mafi girma a cikin kasuwar Turai. Masana'antar kamun kifin ta Fotigal ta haɓaka ƙwarai, galibi sardines na kamun kifi, tuna, da kifi.

Fotigal kyakkyawa ce kuma mai kayatarwa, tare da tsoffin gine-gine kamar manyan gidaje, manyan gidaje, da gidajen tarihi a ko'ina. Akwai fiye da kilomita 800 na bakin teku a yamma da bangarorin kudu, kuma akwai rairayin bakin teku masu kyau masu yawa. Mafi yawansu suna da yanayin Rum. Yawon shakatawa muhimmiyar hanya ce ta samun kudin musaya na kasar Portugal kuma muhimmiyar hanya ce ta cike gibin cinikayyar kasashen waje.Manyan wuraren jan hankalin ‘yan yawon bude ido su ne Lisbon, Faro, Porto, Madeira, da sauransu duk shekara tana karbar bakin yawon bude ido daga kasashen waje fiye da yawan jama’arta.Kudin shiga yawon bude ido na shekara shekara a 2005 Sama da Euro biliyan 6 sun zama muhimmiyar hanyar samun kudin shiga ta kasashen waje.

Lisbon : Lisbon ita ce babban birnin Jamhuriyar Fotigal da kuma babban birni tashar tashar jirgin ruwa a Fotigal, wacce ke can yamma nesa da yankin Turai. Tana da fadin kasa kilomita murabba’i 82. Yawan jama'a 535,000 (1999). Dutsen Sintra yana arewacin Lisbon. Kogin Tejo, kogi mafi girma a Fotigal, yana kwarara zuwa Tekun Atlantika ta gefen kudancin birnin. Abinda dumi ya dame shi a halin yanzu, Lisbon tana da yanayi mai kyau ba tare da daskarewa a lokacin sanyi ba kuma bazara da zafi ba. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi a watan Janairu da Fabrairu shine 8 ℃, kuma matsakaita yanayin zafi a watan Yuli da Agusta 26 ℃. Yana da iska sosai kuma mafi yawan rana, yana da dumi kamar bazara, kuma yana da kwanciyar hankali.

Lisbon yana da ƙauyuka na mutane a zamanin da. A cikin 1147, sarki na farko na Fotigal, Alfonso I, ya kame Lisbon. A cikin 1245, Lisbon ta zama babban birni da cibiyar kasuwanci na Masarautar Portugal.

Aikin shimfidar Lisbon yana da kyau sosai.Yana da wuraren shakatawa 250 da lambuna a cikin birni, tare da fadin hekta 1,400 na ciyawa da yankuna masu kore. A kowane gefen hanyar akwai bishiyoyi kamar su pine, dabino, bodhi, lemun tsami, zaitun da ɓaure. Garin koyaushe kore ne a duk shekara, tare da furanni cikakke, kamar dai babban lambu mai daɗi da kamshi. Lisbon tana kewaye da tsaunuka da koguna, kuma an rarraba garin gaba ɗaya kan ƙananan tsaunuka 6. Daga nesa, gidajen ja masu ɗauke da launuka daban-daban da inuwar koren bishiyoyi suna dacewa da juna, kuma yanayin wurin yana da kyau ƙwarai.

Akwai wuraren tarihi da abubuwan tarihi masu yawa a Lisbon. An gina Hasumiyar Belem, wanda ke gefen tekun Atlantika a farkon karni na 16. Lokacin da igiyar ruwa tayi sama, da alama tana shawagi a kan ruwa kuma yanayin shimfidar wuri yana da kyau. Gidan sufi na Jeronimos da ke gaban hasumiyar shine tsarin gine-ginen Manuel wanda ya shahara a farkon karni na 16, tare da ɗaukaka da kyawawan abubuwa. Akwai hurumi na shahararrun nationalan ƙasa a tsakar gida, inda aka binne mai kula da jirgin ruwan na Portugal Da Gama da sanannen mawaƙin Camo Anz a nan.

Masana’antar yawon bude ido ta Lisbon ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunkasa ci gaban babban birnin zuwa garin zamani. Kyakkyawan bakin rairayin wanka a gabar yammacin Tekun Atlantika na Lisbon sanannen yanki ne na yawon bude ido a Fotigal, yana jan hankalin sama da masu yawon buɗe ido miliyan 1 daga ko'ina cikin duniya a kowace shekara. Lisbon ta zama birni mafi girma a yawon bude ido a Fotigal.