Yukren lambar ƙasa +380

Yadda ake bugawa Yukren

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380

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IDDlambar ƙasa Lambar birnilambar tarho

Yukren Bayani na Asali

Lokaci na gida Lokacinku


Yankin lokaci na gari Bambancin yankin lokaci
UTC/GMT +2 awa

latitude / longitude
48°22'47"N / 31°10'5"E
iso tsara
UA / UKR
kudin
Hryvnia (UAH)
Harshe
Ukrainian (official) 67%
Russian (regional language) 24%
other (includes small Romanian-
Polish-
and Hungarian-speaking minorities) 9%
wutar lantarki
Rubuta c Turai 2-pin Rubuta c Turai 2-pin
tutar ƙasa
Yukrentutar ƙasa
babban birni
Kiev
jerin bankuna
Yukren jerin bankuna
yawan jama'a
45,415,596
yanki
603,700 KM2
GDP (USD)
175,500,000,000
waya
12,182,000
Wayar salula
59,344,000
Adadin masu masaukin yanar gizo
2,173,000
Adadin masu amfani da Intanet
7,770,000

Yukren gabatarwa

Ukraine tana da fadin kasa kilomita murabba'i 603,700. Tana can gabashin Turai, a gabar arewacin Bahar Maliya da Tekun Azov. Canjin ruwan dumi mai ɗumi da ɗumi na ruwan Atlantika ya shafa, yawancin yankuna suna da yanayi mai kyau na nahiyar, kuma ɓangaren kudancin yankin Kirimiya yana da yanayin can ƙasa. Dukkanin masana’antu da aikin gona ba su da wani cigaba .. Manyan bangarorin masana’antun sun hada da karafa, da kera injina, da sarrafa mai, da gina jiragen ruwa, da sararin samaniya, da jirgin sama.

Yukren tana da yanki mai fadin kilomita murabba'i 603,700 (2.7% na yankin tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet), kilomita 1,300 daga gabas zuwa yamma, da kuma kilomita 900 daga arewa zuwa kudu. Tana nan a gabashin Turai, a gefen arewacin Tekun Bahar Maliya da Tekun Azov. Tana iyaka da Belarus daga arewa, Rasha daga arewa maso gabas, Poland, Slovakia, da Hungary zuwa yamma, da Romania da Moldova a kudu. Yawancin yankuna suna cikin filayen Yammacin Turai. Dutsen Govira a cikin Dutsen Yammacin Carpathian shi ne mafi girma a tsawan mita 2061 sama da matakin teku; a kudu kuma akwai tsaunin Roman-Koshi na tsaunukan Kirimiya. Yankin arewa maso gabas wani yanki ne na tsaunukan tsakiyar Rasha, kuma akwai tsaunukan bakin teku na Tekun Azov da Yankin Donets a kudu maso gabas. Akwai koguna 116 a kan kilomita 100 a cikin yankin, kuma mafi tsayi shine Dnieper. Akwai fiye da tabkuna na halitta sama da 3,000 a cikin yankin, galibi sun haɗa da Lake Yalpug da Lake Sasek. Yanayin iska mai ɗumi da ɗumi mai ɗumi da ruwa ya shafa, yawancin yankuna suna da yanayi mai kyau na nahiyar, kuma ɓangaren kudancin yankin Kirimiya yana da yanayin can ƙasa. Matsakaicin zazzabi a watan Janairu shine -7.4 ℃, kuma matsakaicin zazzabi a watan Yuli shine 19.6 ℃. Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara shine 300 mm a kudu maso gabas da 600-700 mm a arewa maso yamma, galibi a watan Yuni da Yuli.

An raba Ukraine zuwa jihohi 24, jamhuriya 1 mai cin gashin kanta, kananan hukumomi 2, da kuma jimillar sassan gudanarwa 27. Bayanan sune kamar haka: Jamhuriyar Kirim mai cin gashin kanta, Kiev Oblast, Vinnytsia Oblast, Volyn Oblast, Dnepropetrovsk Oblast, Donetsk Oblast, Zhytomyr Oblast, Zakarpattia Oblast , Zaporizhia Oblast, Ivan-Frankivsk Oblast, Kirovgrad Oblast, Lugansk Oblast, Lviv Oblast, Nikolaev Oblast, Odessa Oblast, Poltava Oblast , Rivne Oblast, Sumi Oblast, Ternopil Oblast, Kharkov Oblast, Kherson Oblast, Khmelnitsky Oblast, Cherkassy Oblast, Chernivtsi Oblast, Chernivtsi Oblast Nico, Friesland, ƙauyukan Kiev, da ƙananan hukumomin Sevastopol.

Yukren tana da mahimmin wuri da yanayin yanayi mai kyau.Yana da fagen daga ne ga masu tsara dabarun soja a tarihi, kuma Ukraine ta jure yaƙe-yaƙe. Theasar Ukrainian reshe ne na tsohuwar Rus. An fara ganin kalmar “Ukraine” a cikin Tarihin Ross (1187). Daga ƙarni na 9 zuwa na 12 AD, yawancin Yukren yanzu sun haɗu cikin Kievan Rus. Daga 1237 zuwa 1241, kungiyar Mongoliya Golden Horde (Badu) ta ci Kiev da mamaya, kuma garin ya lalace. A cikin karni na 14, Grand Duchy na Lithuania da Poland ne suke mulkin sa. Theasar Ukrainian ta kasance kusan kafa a cikin karni na 15. Gabashin Ukraine ya hade cikin Rasha a 1654, kuma Yammacin Ukraine ta sami mulkin kai a cikin Rasha. Yammacin Ukraine kuma an hade shi zuwa Rasha a cikin 1790s. A ranar 12 ga Disamba, 1917, aka kafa Jamhuriyyar Soviet Socialist Republic. Lokacin daga 1918 zuwa 1920 shine lokacin tsoma baki cikin makamai. An kafa Soviet Union a 1922, kuma Gabashin Ukraine ta shiga Tarayyar kuma ta zama daya daga cikin kasashen da suka kafa Tarayyar Soviet. A watan Nuwamba 1939, Yammacin Ukraine ya haɗu da Jamhuriyar Soviet ta Soviet Socialist Republic. A watan Agusta 1940, wasu sassan Arewacin Bukovina da Bessarabia sun haɗu zuwa Ukraine. A shekarar 1941 ‘yan fascist na kasar Jamus suka mamaye kasar ta Ukreine A cikin watan oktoba na shekara ta 1944 aka‘ yantar da Ukraine. A watan Oktoba 1945, Jamhuriyar Soviet ta Soviet Socialist Republic ta shiga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a matsayin kasa mai cin gashin kanta tare da Tarayyar Soviet. A ranar 16 ga Yulin 1990, Soviet Soviet ta Ukraine ta zartar da "Sanarwar Samun Stateancin mallakar Ukraine", yana mai bayyana cewa Tsarin Tsarin Yukren da dokoki sun fi na dokokin Tarayyar; kuma tana da 'yancin kafa dakarunta na soja. A ranar 24 ga watan Agusta, 1991, Ukraine ta rabu da Tarayyar Soviet, ta ayyana ‘yancinta, kuma ta sauya sunanta zuwa Ukraine.

Tutar kasa: Tana da murabba'i, wacce ta hada da murabba'i mai kwatankwacin daidaici biyu da daidaita, girman tsayi da fadi shine 3: 2. Ukraine ta kafa Jamhuriyyar Soviet Socialist Republic a 1917 kuma ta zama jamhuriya ta tsohuwar Soviet Union a 1922. Tun daga 1952, ta dauki jan tuta mai dauke da tauraruwa masu kusurwa biyar, sikila da guduma kwatankwacin tsohuwar tutar Soviet Union, sai dai cewa kasan sashin tutar shudi ne. Launi m gefuna. A 1991, an ayyana 'yanci, kuma tutar shudi da shuɗi ta Ukraine lokacin da aka dawo da independenceancin kai a 1992 shine tutar ƙasar.

Ukraine tana da yawan jama'a 46,886,400 (1 ga Fabrairu, 2006). Akwai kabilu sama da 110, daga cikinsu kabilun Yukren suna da sama da kashi 70 %. Sauran sun hada da Rasha, Belarus, Yahudu, Tatariyan Kirimiya, Moldova, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Girka, Jamus, Bulgaria da sauran kabilun. Yaren hukuma shine Ukrainian, kuma ana amfani da Rashanci sosai. Manyan addinan sune gabashin Orthodox da Katolika.

Masana'antar Ukraine da noma sun bunkasa sosai. Manyan sassan masana'antu sun hada da karafa, da kera injina, da sarrafa mai, da gina jirgi, da sararin samaniya, da jirgin sama. Mawadaci cikin hatsi da sukari, karfin tattalin arzikinta ya kasance na biyu a tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet, kuma an san shi da "granary" a tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet. Yankunan tattalin arziki guda uku tare da Kogin Donets-Dnieper, wato Gundumar Jingji, Yankin Tattalin Arzikin Kudu maso Yamma da Yankin Tattalin Arzikin Kudu, sun kasance masu ci gaba a fannin masana'antu, aikin gona, sufuri da yawon bude ido. Coal, metallurgy, injina, da masana'antun sunadarai ginshiƙai huɗu ne na tattalin arzikinta. Ba wai kawai yana da dazuzzuka da filayen ciyawa ba, har ma yana da rafuka da yawa da ke gudana a ciki, kuma yana da albarkatun ruwa da yawa. Adadin gandun daji ya kai kashi 4.3%. Mai arzikin ma'adinai, akwai nau'ikan ma'adinai guda 72, galibi kwal, ƙarfe, manganese, nickel, titanium, mercury, gubar, mai, gas, da sauransu.

Yukren na da matukar karancin makamashi.Gaskan gas kadai na bukatar shigo da mitakyub biliyan 73 a kowace shekara.Kudin da ake shigo da makamashi daban-daban a kowace shekara ya kai dalar Amurka biliyan 8, wanda ya kai sama da kashi biyu bisa uku na jimlar fitarwa. Rasha ita ce babbar kasar Ukraine da ke samar da makamashi. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kasuwancin kasashen waje na Ukraine koyaushe yana da kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na GDP. Ya fi fitar da kayan ƙarfe masu ƙera ƙarfe, injuna da kayan aiki, injina, takin zamani, tama, kayayyakin gona, da sauransu, kuma yana shigo da iskar gas, man fetur, cikakken kayan aiki, zaren sinadarai, polyethylene, itace, magunguna, da dai sauransu. Yukren tana da dabbobi iri-iri, gami da nau'ikan tsuntsaye sama da 350, game da nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa guda 100 da kifaye sama da 200.


Kiev: Kyiv, babban birnin Jamhuriyar Ukraine (Kyiv), tana tsakiyar arewa ta tsakiyar Ukraine, a tsakiyar tsakiyar Kogin Dnieper.Wannan tashar jirgin ruwa ce a Kogin Dnieper kuma muhimmiyar tashar jirgin ƙasa. Kiev na da dogon tarihi.Ya kasance cibiyar kasar Rasha ta farko, Kievan Rus, don haka tana da taken "Uwar biranen Rasha". Archaeology ya nuna cewa an gina Kiev a ƙarshen karni na 6 da farkon karni na 7. A shekara ta 822 AD, ta zama babban birnin ƙasar mulkin mallaka na Kievan Rus kuma a hankali ta sami ci gaba ta hanyar kasuwanci. An canza shi zuwa Cocin Orthodox a cikin 988. Karni na 10-11 ya kasance mai wadata sosai kuma ana kiransa "birnin sarakuna" akan Dnieper. Zuwa karni na 12, Kiev ya zama babban birni na Turai, tare da majami'u sama da 400, sanannen fasahar coci da kayayyakin aikin hannu. Mongolia sun kama shi a cikin 1240, an lalata sassa da yawa na birni kuma an kashe yawancin mazauna. Mallakar Mallakar Lithuania a cikin 1362, an tura shi zuwa Poland a 1569 da Russia a 1686. A cikin karni na 19, kasuwancin birane ya haɓaka kuma masana'antar zamani ta fito. A cikin 1860s, an haɗa ta zuwa Moscow da Odessa ta hanyar jirgin ƙasa. A cikin 1918 ya zama babban birni mai cin gashin kansa na Ukraine. Garin ya sha wahala sosai a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II. A cikin 1941, bayan kwanaki 80 na gwabza kazamin fada tsakanin sojojin Soviet da na Jamus, sojojin na Jamus suka mamaye Kiev. A cikin 1943, sojojin Soviet sun 'yantar da Kiev.

Kiev na ɗaya daga cikin mahimman cibiyoyin masana'antu na tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet.Akwai masana'antun a duk cikin garin, waɗanda suka fi karkata a yamma da yankin cikin gari da kuma gefen hagu na Kogin Dnieper. Akwai nau'ikan masana'antun masana'antu da yawa. Kiev ta haɓaka harkar sufuri kuma matattarar ruwa, ƙasa da ta jirgin sama.Akwai hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa da tituna masu zuwa Moscow, Kharkov, Donbas, Kudancin Ukraine, Odessa Port, Western Ukraine da Poland. Matsayin jigilar kaya na Kogin Dnieper yana da ɗan girma. Filin jirgin saman Boryspil yana da hanyoyin iska zuwa yawancin manyan biranen CIS, birane da garuruwa da yawa a cikin Ukraine, da ƙasashe kamar Romania da Bulgaria.

Kiev yana da dogon al'adun gargajiya da kuma nasarori na musamman game da binciken likita da na yanar gizo. Birnin yana da kwalejoji da jami'o'i 20 da kuma cibiyoyin bincike na kimiyya sama da 200. Mafi mashahuri ma'aikata na mafi girma ilmantarwa ne Kyiv National University, wanda aka kafa a kan Satumba 16, 1834, kuma shi ne mafi girma ma'aikata a Ukraine da 20,000 dalibai. Cibiyoyin jin daɗin Kiev sun haɗa da asibitoci na musamman da na musamman, makarantun renon yara, gidajen kula da tsofaffi, da sansanonin hutu na yara.Haka kuma akwai ɗakunan karatu sama da 1,000, kusan gidajen tarihi 30 da tsoffin wuraren tarihi.