Ukraine ine nzvimbo yemakiromita 603 700 emakiromita (2.7% yenzvimbo yaimbove Soviet Union), makiromita chiuru nemazana matatu kubva kumabvazuva kusvika kumadokero, nemakiromita mazana mapfumbamwe kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba.Iyo iri kumabvazuva kweEurope, kumahombekombe ekuchamhembe kweGungwa Dema neGungwa reAzov. Inoganhura Belarus kuchamhembe, Russia kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva, Poland, Slovakia, neHungary kumadokero, neRomania neMoldova kumaodzanyemba. Nzvimbo zhinji ndedze mapani eEastern Europe. Govira Mountain muWestern Carpathian Mountains ndiyo yepamusoro soro pamamita makumi maviri nematanhatu pamusoro pegungwa; kumaodzanyemba igomo reRoman-Koshi reMakomo eCrimea. Kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva chikamu chemakomo eCentral Russia, uye kune makomo egungwa eGungwa reAzov uye Donets Range kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva. Kune iyo 116 nzizi dzinopfuura makiromita zana mundima, uye yakarebesa ndiyo Dnieper. Kune iwo anopfuura anopfuura 3,000 emadhamu echisikigo mundima, kunyanya anosanganisira Yalpug Lake uye Sasek Lake. Dzinokanganiswa neanodziya uye anonyorova mhepo yemhepo yeAtlantic, nzvimbo zhinji dzine mamiriro ekunze anodziya, uye chikamu chekumaodzanyemba kweCrimea Peninsula chine mamiriro ekunze anopisa. Avhareji tembiricha muna Ndira ndi -7.4 ℃, uye avhareji tembiricha muna Chikunguru ndi 19.6 ℃. Kunaya kwegore negore kuri 300 mm kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva uye 600-700 mm kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero, kunyanya muna Chikumi naJuly.

Ukraine yakakamurwa kuita makumi maviri nematatu nyika, 1 yakazvimiririra republic, 2 mamasipala, uye makumi maviri neshanu ematunhu ekutonga. Mashoko aya anotevera: Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Kiev Oblast, Vinnytsia Oblast, Volyn Oblast, Dnepropetrovsk Oblast, Donetsk Oblast, Zhytomyr Oblast, Zakarpattia Oblast , Zaporizhia Oblast, Ivan-Frankivsk Oblast, Kirovgrad Oblast, Lugansk Oblast, Lviv Oblast, Nikolaev Oblast, Odessa Oblast, Poltava Oblast , Rivne Oblast, Sumi Oblast, Ternopil Oblast, Kharkov Oblast, Kherson Oblast, Khmelnitsky Oblast, Cherkassy Oblast, Chernivtsi Oblast, Chernivtsi Oblast Nico, Friesland, Kiev matunhu, uye Sevastopol matunhu.

Ukraine ine nzvimbo yakakosha yenzvimbo nenzvimbo dzakanaka dzepanyama.Iye yave inhandare yevarwi vezvematongerwo enyika munhoroondo, uye Ukraine yakatambura nehondo. Nyika yeUkraine ibazi reiyo yekare Rus. Izwi rekuti "Ukraine" rakatanga kuonekwa muThe History of Ross (1187). Kubva pazana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe kusvika regumi nemana AD, mazhinji eUkraine zvino akabatanidzwa muKievan Rus. Kubva muna 1237 kusvika muna 1241, Mongolian Golden Horde (Badu) yakakunda ndokutora Kiev, uye guta rakaparadzwa. Muzana ramakore regumi nemana, raitongwa neGrand Duchy weLithuania nePoland. Nyika yeUkraine yakaumbwa zvakaenzana muzana ramakore regumi nemashanu. Muna 1654, Eastern Ukraine yakabatana neRussia, uye Western Ukraine yakawana kuzvitonga mukati meRussia. West Ukraine yakabatanidzwawo kuRussia muma1790s. Musi waZvita 12, 1917, iyo Soviet Soviet Socialist Republic yakavambwa. Iyo nguva kubva ku1918 kusvika 1920 yaive nguva yekunze kupindira kwevarwi. Soviet Union yakavambwa muna 1922, uye Eastern Ukraine yakabatana neMubatanidzwa ikava imwe yenyika dzakavamba Soviet Union. MunaNovember 1939, Western Ukraine yakabatana neUkraine Soviet Socialist Republic. MunaAugust 1940, mativi eNorthern Bukovina neBessarabia akabatanidzwa muUkraine. Muna 1941, Ukraine yaigara nemaFascist echiGerman.Muna Gumiguru 1944, Ukraine yakasunungurwa. Muna Gumiguru 1945, iyo Soviet Soviet Socialist Republic yakabatana neUnited Nations senyika isina kuzvimiririra neSoviet Union. Musi waChikunguru 16, 1990, Supreme Soviet yeUkraine yakapa "Chiziviso cheHurumende Humambo hweUkraine", ichizivisa kuti Bumbiro reUkraine nemitemo zvakakwirira pamitemo yeUnited; uye ine mvumo yekumisikidza mauto ayo. Musi waAugust 24, 1991, Ukraine yakaparadzaniswa neSoviet Union, yakazivisa rusununguko, uye yakachinja zita rayo kuva Ukraine.

Mureza wenyika: Iyo yakatetepa, inoumbwa nemaviri akaenzana uye akaenzana akaenzana akaturikidzana, chiyero chehurefu kusvika paupamhi ndi3: 2. Ukraine yakagadza Ukraine Soviet Socialist Republic muna 1917 uye ikava republic yeyaimbova Soviet Union muna 1922. Kubva 1952, yakagamuchira mureza mutsvuku une nyeredzi shanu-dzakatarwa, jeko uye sando pateni yakafanana neyaimbova Soviet Union mureza, kunze kwekunge chikamu chepazasi chemureza chaive bhuruu. Ruvara rwakakora micheto. Muna 1991, rusununguko rwakaziviswa, uye bhuruu neyero mireza yaive mureza wenyika apo Ukraine yakadzorerwa kurusununguko muna 1992

Ukraine ine huwandu hwevanhu 46,886,400 (Kukadzi 1, 2006). Kune anopfuura madzinza zana negumi, ayo eUkraine dzinza anoverengera anodarika makumi manomwe muzana.Vamwe vacho iRussia, Belarusian, Jewish, Crimean Tatar, Moldova, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Greece, Germany, Bulgaria nemamwe marudzi. Mutauro wepamutemo chiUkraine, uye chiRussia chinowanzo shandiswa. Zvitendero zvikuru iEastern Orthodox neCatholic.

Indasitiri yeUkraine uye zvekurima zvakagadziridzwa. Iwo makuru maindasitiri zvikamu zvinosanganisira simbi, kugadzira michina, kugadzira peturu, kuvaka ngarava, muchadenga, uye kubhururuka. Yakapfuma muzviyo neshuga, simba rayo rezvehupfumi riri pechipiri mune yaimbova Soviet Union, uye inozivikanwa se "girari" mune yaimbova Soviet Union. Nzvimbo nhatu dzehupfumi dzakatevedza Rwizi rweDonets-Dnieper, kureva Ruwa rweJingji, Southwest Economic Zone neSouth Economic Zone, zvakagadziriswa mumaindasitiri, kurima, kutakura uye kushanya. Marasha, simbi, michina, uye makemikari maindasitiri ndiyo mbiru ina dzehupfumi hwayo. Haingove nemasango nenzvimbo dzouswa chete, asi zvakare ine nzizi dzakawanda dzinoyerera nemukati mayo, uye ine hupfumi mune zviwanikwa zvemvura. Huwandu hwekufukidza masango ndi4.3%. Akapfuma muzvicherwa, pane marudzi makumi manomwe nemaviri ezvicherwa zviwanikwa, kunyanya marasha, iron, manganese, nickel, titanium, mercury, lead, mafuta, gasi rechisikirwo, nezvimwe.

Ukraine ine simba rakakomba rekushaiwa gasi. Natural gasi chete inoda kuendesa kunze mabhiriyoni emamirimita makumi manomwe nematanhatu gore rega rega.Mutengo wakazara wezvinhu zvakasiyana siyana zvinounzwa kunze gore rega rega ungangoita mabhiriyoni masere emadhora ekuUS, achiverengera anopfuura maviri-muzvitatu ehuwandu hwehuwandu hwekutengesa kunze. Russia ndiyo inopa simba rakawanda muUkraine. Mumakore achangopfuura, kutengeserana kwekunze kweUkraine kwagara kuri chikamu chimwe muzvitatu cheGDP yayo. Inonyanya kutengesa zvigadzirwa zvemasimbi, michina nemidziyo, mota, fotereza, simbi, zvigadzirwa zvekurima, nezvimwewo, uye inounza gasi rechisikigo, peturu, seti yakakwana yemidziyo, makemikari tambo, polyethylene, huni, mushonga, nezvimwe. Ukraine ine mhuka dzakasiyana siyana, kusanganisira dzinopfuura mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu emarudzi eshiri, dzinenge zana marudzi ezvipuka uye anopfuura mazana maviri emarudzi ehove.

Kiev: Kyiv, guta guru reRepublic of Ukraine (Kyiv), iri kuchamhembe-pakati peUkraine, pakati penzizi dzeRwizi Dnieper. Kiev ine nhoroondo refu.Yakange iri nzvimbo yepakati yenyika yekutanga yeRussia, Kievan Rus, uye nekudaro ine zita rekuti "Amai veMaguta eRussia". Archaeology inoratidza kuti Kiev yakavakwa pakupera kwezana ramakore rechitanhatu uye kutanga kwezana ramakore rechinomwe. Muna 822 AD, rakava guta guru renyika dzeumambo dzeKievan Rus uye zvishoma nezvishoma rakabudirira kuburikidza nekutengeserana. Inotendeuka kuenda kuOrthodox Church muna 988. Iyo 10-11th century yaive yakabudirira kwazvo, uye yakanzi "guta remadzimambo" paDnieper. Pakazosvika zana ramakore regumi nembiri, Kiev yakanga yakura kuita guta guru reEuropean, rine machechi anopfuura mazana mana, anozivikanwa nehunyanzvi hwechechi uye zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nemaoko. Yakatorwa nemaMongolia muna 1240, nzvimbo zhinji dzeguta dzakaparadzwa, uye vazhinji vevagari vakaurayiwa. Inotorwa nehukuru hweLithuania muna1362, yakaendeswa kuPoland muna 1569 neRussia muna 1686. Muzana ramakore rechi19, kutengeserana kwemumaguta kwakawedzera uye indasitiri yazvino yakabuda. Iyo njanji yakabatana neMoscow neOdessa muma1860s. Mu 1918 yakava yakazvimirira guta reUkraine. Guta rakakuvara zvakanyanya munguva yeHondo Yenyika II. Muna 1941, mushure memazuva makumi masere ehondo inotyisa pakati pemauto eSoviet neGerman, mauto eGerman akatora Kiev. Muna 1943, mauto eSoviet akasunungura Kiev.

Kiev ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo dzakakosha dzeindasitiri yeyaimbova Soviet Union.Pane mafekitori kuzere kweguta, akanyanya kuwanda kumadokero kwenzvimbo yedhorobha uye bhangi rekuruboshwe reDnieper Rwizi.Pane mhando zhinji dzemakambani ekugadzira. Kiev yakagadzira zvifambiso uye inzvimbo yemvura, yepasi uye yekufambisa mhepo.Pane njanji nemigwagwa inoenda kuMoscow, Kharkov, Donbas, Maodzanyemba eUkraine, Odessa Port, Western Ukraine nePoland. Iyo yekufambisa inokwana yeDnieper Rwizi yakati rebei. Boryspil Airport ine migwagwa yemhepo inoenda kumaguta makuru muCIS, maguta mazhinji nemataundi muUkraine, uye nyika dzakaita seRomania neBulgaria.

Kiev ine tsika yakareba yetsika uye kubudirira kunoshamisa mukurapa uye cybernetic research. Guta rine makoreji makumi maviri nemayunivhesiti uye anopfuura mazana maviri emasainzi ekutsvagisa sainzi. Nzvimbo inonyanya kuzivikanwa yepamusoro-soro ndiyo Kyiv National University, iyo yakagadzwa munaGunyana 16, 1834. Ndicho chinzvimbo chepamusoro muUkraine nevadzidzi ve20,000. Zvivigiro zveKiev zvinosanganisira zvipatara zvakajairika uye zvine hunyanzvi, kindergarten, dzimba dzevanotarisira vakwegura, uye makambi evana ezororo.Pane zvakare maraibhurari anopfuura 1 000, mamuseum anosvika makumi matatu uye dzaimbogara dzimba dzevanhu vekare.