I-Ukraine yahlulwe yangamazwe angama-24, iRiphabliki ezizimeleyo eyi-1, oomasipala aba-2, kunye nezahlulo ezingama-27 zolawulo. Iinkcukacha zezi zilandelayo: Ukuzimela kweRiphabhlikhi yaseCrimea, kwiPhondo laseKiev, eVinnytsia Oblast, eVolyn Oblast, eDnepropetrovsk Oblast, kwiDolophu yaseDonetsk, eZhytomyr Oblast, eZakarpattia Oblast , IZaporizhia Oblast, iIvan-Frankivsk Oblast, iKirovgrad Oblast, iLugansk Oblast, iLviv Oblast, iNikolaev Oblast, iOdessa Oblast, iPoltava Oblast , ERivne Oblast, eSumi Oblast, Ternopil Oblast, Kharkov Oblast, Kherson Oblast, Khmelnitsky Oblast, Cherkassy Oblast, Chernivtsi Oblast, Chernivtsi Oblast INico, Friesland, Oomasipala baseKiev, kunye noomasipala baseSevastopol.

I-Ukraine inendawo ebalulekileyo yejografi kunye neemeko ezintle zendalo.Kube yindawo yokulwa yabacwangcisi bezomkhosi kwimbali, kwaye i-Ukraine inyamezele iimfazwe. Isizwe saseUkraine lisebe leRus yakudala. Igama elithi "iUkraine" laqala ukubonwa kwimbali yeRoss (1187). Ukusuka kwi-9th ukuya kwi-12th century AD, uninzi lweUkraine ngoku ludityaniswe neKievan Rus. Ukususela ngo-1237 ukuya ku-1241, iGolden Horde (iBadu) yaseMongolia yaphumelela yahlala eKiev, kwaye isixeko satshatyalaliswa. Ngenkulungwane ye-14, yayilawulwa yiGrand Duchy yaseLithuania nasePoland. Uhlanga lwaseUkraine lwalusekwe ngenkulungwane ye-15. Ngo-1654, iMpuma Ukraine yadityaniswa neRashiya, yaza iNtshona Ukraine yafumana inkululeko ngaphakathi eRashiya. INtshona Ukraine nayo yadityaniswa yangeniswa eRashiya kwii-1790s. Nge-12 kaDisemba ngo-1917, kwasekwa iRiphabhlikhi yaseSoviet yoBusoshiyali. Ithuba elisusela ku-1918 ukuya ku-1920 yayilixesha longenelelo ngoncedo lwangaphandle. ISoviet Union yasekwa ngo-1922, kwaye iMpuma Ukraine yajoyina uManyano kwaye yaba lelinye lamazwe awaseka iSoviet Union. Ngo-Novemba u-1939, iNtshona Ukraine yadibana ne-Soviet Soviet Socialist Republic. Ngo-Agasti 1940, iinxalenye zeMntla Bukovina neBessarabia zadityaniswa zaya eUkraine. Ngo-1941, iUkraine yayihlala amaNazi aseJamani. Ngo-Okthobha u-1944, i-Ukraine yakhululwa. Ngo-Okthobha u-1945, i-Soviet Soviet Socialist Republic yajoyina iZizwe eziManyeneyo njengombuso ongazimeliyo kunye neSoviet Union. NgoJulayi 16, 1990, iSoviet Ephakamileyo yaseUkraine yapasisa "iSibhengezo soRhulumente wase-Ukraine", evakalisa ukuba uMgaqo-siseko nemithetho yaseUkraine ingaphezulu kwemithetho yoManyano, kwaye inelungelo lokuseka imikhosi yayo exhobileyo. NgoAgasti 24, 1991, iUkraine yahlukana neSoviet Union, yabhengeza inkululeko yayo, yaza yalitshintsha igama laba yiUkraine.

Iflegi yesizwe: Yinto yoxande, enamacala amabini alinganayo kunye alinganayo oxwesileyo, umlinganiso wobude kububanzi ngu-3: 2. IUkraine yaseka iRiphabhlikhi yaseSoviet yaseSoviet ngo-1917 yaza yaba yiriphabliki yelizwe elalisakuba yiSoviet Union ngo-1922. Ukusukela ngo-1952, yamkela iflegi ebomvu eneenkwenkwezi ezintlanu, irhengqa nesando esasifana neflegi eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union, ngaphandle nje kokuba ezantsi iflegi yayihlaza. Faka imibala ebanzi. Ngo-1991, kwabhengezwa inkululeko, kwaye iflegi eluhlaza neyatyheli yaseUkraine xa kubuyiselwa inkululeko ngo-1992 yayiyiflegi yesizwe.

I-Ukraine inabemi abangama-46,886,400 (ngoFebruwari 1, 2006). Angaphezulu kwe-110 amaqela ezizwe, amaqela obuhlanga eUkraine angaphezulu kwe-70%, kwaye amanye amaRashiya, amaBelarusian, amaJuda, amaCatar aseCrimea, iMoldova, iPoland, iHungary, iRomania, iGrisi, iJamani, iBulgaria namanye amaqela obuhlanga. Ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni sisiUkraine, kwaye isiRashiya siqhele ukusetyenziswa. Iinkonzo eziphambili ze-Orthodox yaseMpuma kunye nobuKatolika.

Umzi mveliso waseUkraine kunye nezolimo ziphuhlisiwe. Amacandelo aphambili emizi-mveliso abandakanya ukunyibilikisa isinyithi, ukuvelisa oomatshini, ukwenziwa kwepetroleum, ukwakha iinqanawa, i-aerospace, kunye nokuhamba ngenqwelomoya. Ityebile ukutya okuziinkozo kunye neswekile, amandla ayo kwezoqoqosho akwindawo yesibini kwindawo eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union, kwaye yaziwa njenge "ngqolowa" kwindawo eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union. Imimandla emithathu yezoqoqosho ngakwiDonets-Dnieper River, eyile siThili saseJingji, iZowuni yoQoqosho oluseMazantsi kunye noMmandla woQoqosho lwaseMazantsi, aphuhliswe ngokwentelekiso kushishino, ezolimo, ezothutho nezokhenketho. Amalahle, isinyithi, oomatshini, kunye neekhemikhali ziintsika ezine zoqoqosho lwazo. Ayiphelelanga nje ekubeni ngamahlathi namathafa engca, kodwa ikwanemilambo emininzi ehamba ngayo, kwaye ityebile yimithombo yamanzi. Umgangatho wokugubungela ihlathi yi-4.3%. Zityebile kwiidipozithi zamaminerali, kukho iintlobo ezingama-72 zemithombo yezimbiwa, ikakhulu amalahle, i-iron, i-manganese, i-nickel, i-titanium, i-mercury, ilothe, i-oyile, irhasi yendalo, njl.

I-Ukraine inengxaki yokunqongophala kwamandla egesi.Igesi yendalo iyodwa ifuna ukungenisa ii-cubic metres ezingama-73 zezigidi ngonyaka ngamnye.Ixabiso elipheleleyo lokungeniswa kwamandla ahlukeneyo unyaka ngamnye limalunga ne-8 yezigidigidi zeedola zase-US, zibala ngaphezulu kwesibini kwisithathu sevolumu yokuthumela ngaphandle. I-Russia ngoyena mthengisi mkhulu wamandla e-Ukraine. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, urhwebo lwangaphandle lwaseUkraine luhlala lubala malunga nesinye kwisithathu seGDP yayo. It ikakhulu ithumela ngaphandle iimveliso ze-metallurgical, oomatshini kunye nezixhobo, iinjini, izichumisi, isinyithi, iimveliso zezolimo, njl, kunye nokungenisa irhasi yendalo, ipetroleum, iiseti ezigcweleyo zezixhobo, imicu yemichiza, i-polyethylene, ukhuni, amayeza, njl. Ukraine iintlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana, kuquka iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-350 zeentaka, malunga ne-100 iintlobo ezanyisayo kunye neentlobo ezingaphezu kwama-200 zeentlanzi.

I-Kiev: IKyiv, idolophu enkulu yeRiphabhlikhi yaseUkraine (iKyiv), imi kumantla embindini weUkraine, embindini woMlambo iDnieper.Lizibuko loMlambo iDnieper kunye nehabhu ebalulekileyo kaloliwe. I-Kiev inembali ende.Kwakukade kuyiziko lelizwe lokuqala laseRussia, i-Kievan Rus, kwaye ke ngenxa yoko inegama elithi "uMama weeDolophu zaseRussia". I-Archaeology ibonisa ukuba i-Kiev yakhiwa ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-6 kunye nasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-7. Ngo-822 AD, yaba likomkhulu lelizwe elinobukhosi laseKievan Rus kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe yaphumelela kurhwebo. Uguqukele kwiCawa yamaOthodoki ngo-988. Inkulungwane ye-10-11 yayiqhuba kakuhle kakhulu kwaye yabizwa "sisixeko sookumkani" kwi-Dnieper. Ngenkulungwane ye-12, i-Kiev yayisele ikhule yaba sisixeko esikhulu saseYurophu, esinamabandla angaphezu kwama-400, adume ngobugcisa becawa kunye nezinto ezenziwe ngezandla. Yabanjwa ngamaMongol ngo-1240, iindawo ezininzi zedolophu zatshatyalaliswa kwaye uninzi lwabahlali lwabulawa. Ixutywe yiNqununu yaseLithuania ngo-1362, yadluliselwa ePoland ngo-1569 naseRashiya ngo-1686. Ngenkulungwane ye-19, urhwebo lwasedolophini lwandiswa kwaye kwavela icandelo lala maxesha. Kwiminyaka ye-1860, yayiqhagamshelwe eMoscow naseOdessa ngololiwe. Kwi-1918 yaba likomkhulu elizimeleyo lase-Ukraine. Esi sixeko senzakala kakhulu ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi. Ngo-1941, emva kweentsuku ezingama-80 zomlo omkhulu phakathi kwemikhosi yaseSoviet neyaseJamani, imikhosi yaseJamani yangena eKiev. Ngo-1943, umkhosi waseSoviet wakhulula iKiev.

I-Kiev lelinye lamaziko abalulekileyo emizi-mveliso kwindawo eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union.Kukho iifektri kulo lonke isixeko, ezona zigxile kwintshona yedolophu yedolophu kunye nebhanki yasekhohlo yoMlambo iDnieper.Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zemizi-mveliso. I-Kiev iphuhlise ezothutho kwaye yindawo yokuhambisa amanzi, umhlaba kunye nomoya. Umthamo wokuthumela ngenqanawa kuMlambo iDnieper uphezulu kakhulu. Isikhululo senqwelomoya saseBoryspil sineendlela zomoya eziya kwizixeko ezikhulu kwiCIS, kwizixeko ezininzi nakwiidolophu zaseUkraine, nakumazwe afana neRomania neBulgaria.

I-Kiev inesiko elide lenkcubeko kunye nempumelelo ebonakalayo kuphando lwezonyango kunye ne-cybernetic. Isixeko sineekholeji ezingama-20 kunye neeyunivesithi kwaye ngaphezulu kwama-200 amaziko ophando lwenzululwazi. Elona ziko lidumileyo lemfundo ephakamileyo yiKyiv National University, neyasekwa ngoSeptemba 16, 1834. Liziko liphezulu eUkraine elinabafundi abangama-20,000. Amaziko ezentlalontle aseKiev aquka izibhedlele eziqhelekileyo nezizodwa, iizaliti, amakhaya abalupheleyo, neenkampu zabantwana zeholide.Kwakhona kukho amathala eencwadi angaphezu kwayi-1 000, phantse iimyuziyam ezingama-30 kunye neendawo zangaphambili zokuhlala zamanani embali.