Tajikistan, cikakken suna na Jamhuriyar Tajikistan, ya mamaye yanki mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 143,100 kuma kasa ce da ba ta da iyaka da ke kudu maso gabashin Asiya ta Tsakiya. Tana iyaka da Uzbekistan da Kyrgyzstan ta yamma da Kyrgyzstan, Xinjiang na China ta gabas, da Afghanistan a kudu. Tana cikin wani yanki mai tsaunuka, 90% daga cikinsu yankuna ne masu tsaunuka da filato, kuma kusan rabinsu suna sama da mita 3000 sama da matakin teku. Yankin tsaunin arewa na tsarin tsaunukan Tianshan ne, yankin tsakiya na tsarin tsaunin Gisar-Altai ne, kudu maso gabas shine Pamirs mai dusar ƙanƙara, kuma mafi girma shine ƙwancin kwaminisanci tare da tsawan tsawan mita 7495. A arewa akwai gefen yamma na Tekun Fergana, kuma a kudu maso yamma akwai kwarin Wahsh, Gysar Valley da Penchi Valley. Yawancin koguna suna cikin tsarin ruwa ne, galibi wadanda suka hada da Syr Darya, Amu Darya, Zelafshan, Vakhsh da Fernigan. Albarkatun ruwa suna da yawa. Ana rarraba tabkuna galibi a cikin Pamirs. Tafkin Kara shine babban tafkin gishiri mai tsayin mita 3965. Dukan yankin yana da yanayin yanayi na yau da kullun. Yanayin nahiya a cikin tsaunukan tsaunuka yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙaruwar tsawo, kuma bambancin yanayin zafi tsakanin arewa da kudu yana da girma. Yankin gabaɗaya yana da yanayin yanayin ƙasa na yau da kullun, tare da matsakaita zafin jiki na -2 ℃ ～ 2 ℃ a watan Janairu da matsakaita zafin jiki na 23 ℃ ～ 30 ℃ a watan Yuli. Hawan shekara shekara shine 150-250 mm. Yammacin Pamir ya lulluɓe da dusar ƙanƙara duk shekara, yana yin manyan dusar ƙanƙara. Akwai dabbobi da tsirrai iri-iri a cikin yankin, kuma akwai nau'ikan shuke-shuke sama da 5,000 su kadai.

An kasa kasar zuwa jihohi uku, yanki daya, da kuma wata karamar hukuma kai tsaye a karkashin Gwamnatin Tsakiya: Jihar Gorno-Badakhshan, Jihar Soghd (tsohuwar jihar Leninabad), da Khatlon, da kuma Gwamnatin tsakiya. Gundumar da garin Dushanbe.

A ƙarni na 9 zuwa na 10 AD, an kafa ƙasar Tajik sosai, kuma tsohuwar al'umma ce a Asiya ta Tsakiya. A cikin karni na 9, 'yan Tajiks sun kafa daular Samanid mai girma da karfi ta farko tare da Bukhara a matsayin babban birni a tarihi.Kabilar kasa da al'adun Tajiks sun kasance a wannan zamani mai tsawon karni. tsari. Ya haɗu da masarautun Ghaznavid da Kharzm daga ƙarni na 10 zuwa na 13. Nasara da Tattar Mongol a ƙarni na 13. Shiga Bukhara Khanate tun a karni na 16. A 1868, an hade wasu sassan Fergana da Samarkand a arewa zuwa Rasha, kuma Bukhara Khan a kudu ya kasance kasar Rasha ce. An kafa Jamhuriyar gurguzu ta Tajik Soviet a ranar 16 ga Oktoba, 1929, kuma ta shiga Tarayyar Soviet a ranar 5 ga Disamba na wannan shekarar. A ranar 24 ga Agusta, 1990, Soviet Soviet ta Tajikistan ta amince da Sanarwar ofancin ikon Jamhuriyar. A karshen watan Ogustan 1991, aka sake mata suna zuwa Jamhuriyar Tajikistan. A ranar 9 ga Satumbar na wannan shekarar, Jamhuriyar Tajikistan ta ayyana ‘yancinta.Wannan rana an tabbatar da ita a matsayin Ranar‘ Yancin Jamhuriya kuma ta shiga CIS a ranar 21 ga Disamba.

Tutar ƙasa: Yankin murabba'i mai kwance ne wanda yake da tsayi zuwa nisa kusan 2: 1. Daga sama zuwa kasa, tana kunshe da murabba'i na kusurwa huɗu na kwance ja, fari, da kore. A tsakiyar ɓangaren farin, akwai kambi da taurari bakwai masu rarraba-biyar. Ja alama ce ta nasarar ƙasar, kore alama ce ta ci gaba da bege, kuma fari yana wakiltar imanin addini; kambi da pentagram suna nuna independenceancin ƙasa da ikon mallaka. Tajikistan ta zama jamhuriya ta tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet a 1929. Tun daga 1953, ta karɓi jan tuta mai launin rawaya mai launuka biyar-biyar mai launin rawaya, sikila da guduma a ɓangaren sama da launuka masu fari da kore a ƙasa. An ayyana samun 'yanci a ranar 9 ga Satumba, 1991, kuma an amince da tutar kasar ta yanzu.

Albarkatun kasa galibi ba su ƙarfe ƙarfe (gubar, tutiya, tungsten, antimony, mercury, da sauransu), ƙananan ƙarfe, gawayi, gishirin dutsen, ban da mai, iskar gas, albarkatun uranium mai yalwa da kayan gini iri-iri . Uranium yana da matsayi na farko a cikin Commonasashe na Independentasashe masu Mulki, kuma ma'adanan jagora da zinc sune na farko a cikin Asiya ta Tsakiya. Masana'antu sun fi mayar da hankali a Dushanbe da Leninabad, galibi ma'adinai, masana'antar haske da masana'antar abinci. Masana'antar wutar ta sami nasarori masu yawa, kuma albarkatun mai da ke cikin kowane mutum yana daga cikin manya a duniya. Masana'antar haske ta mamaye giyar auduga, siliki ta siliki da yin bargon yadi.Hanyoyin hannu na mutane suna da kyau kuma babu kamarsu cikin tsari. Masana'antar abinci galibi hakar mai ne, hakar mai, giyar giya, da sarrafa 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu. Noma shi ne kan gaba a bangaren tattalin arziki.Gaben gonaki, noman inabi da noman inabi sun fi mahimmanci. Masana’antar kiwo galibi ita ce kiwo, kiwon tumaki, shanu da dawakai. Masana’antar dasa auduga na taka muhimmiyar rawa a harkar noma, kuma ta shahara musamman wajen samar da auduga mai inganci mai inganci.

Dushanbe: Dushanbe (Dushanbe, Душанбе) babban birni ne na Tajikistan. Tana da digiri 38.5 a arewacin latitude da kuma digiri na 68.8 daga gabas, tsakanin kogin Varzob da Kafirnigan Tafkin Gisar, mita 750-930 a saman matakin teku, ya mamaye yanki mai girman kilomita murabba'i 125. Mafi yawan yanayin zafi a lokacin rani zai iya kaiwa 40 ℃, kuma mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki a lokacin hunturu shine -20 ℃. Yawan mutanen ya kai 562,000. Mazauna galibi Russia da Tajiks ne. Sauran kabilun sun hada da Tatar da Yukren.

Dushanbe sabon birni ne wanda ƙauyuka uku masu nisa suka kafa ciki har da Kyushambe bayan Juyin juya halin Oktoba. Tun daga 1925, ana kiransa birni. Kafin 1925, ana kiranta Kishrak (ma'ana ƙauye). An kira shi Dushanbe daga 1925 zuwa 1929, wanda asalin fassara shi zuwa Joushambe, ma’ana Litinin. An sanya masa suna ne bayan kasuwar Litinin. Daga 1929 zuwa 1961, ana kiran sa Stalinabad, wanda ke nufin "Stalin City". A cikin 1929, ta zama babban birnin Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (jamhuriyar tsohuwar Soviet Union). Bayan 1961, an sake canza masa suna zuwa Dushanbe. A watan Satumban 1991, ta zama babban birnin Jamhuriyar Tajikistan da ta ayyana 'yancinta.