Takisitana ʻIke kumu
Manawa kūloko | Kou manawa |
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Kahi wā kūloko | ʻOkoʻa ʻāpana manawa |
UTC/GMT +5 hola |
latitu / longitude |
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38°51'29"N / 71°15'43"E |
iso hoʻopāʻālua |
TJ / TJK |
kālā |
Somoni (TJS) |
ʻLelo |
Tajik (official) Russian widely used in government and business |
uila |
ʻAno c European 2-pin ʻAno I Pākuʻi Australia |
hae aupuni |
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kapikala |
ʻO Dushanbe |
papa inoa panakō |
Takisitana papa inoa panakō |
heluna kanaka |
7,487,489 |
ʻāpana |
143,100 KM2 |
GDP (USD) |
8,513,000,000 |
kelepona |
393,000 |
Kelepono paʻa lima |
6,528,000 |
Ka helu o nā pūnaewele Pūnaewele |
6,258 |
Ka helu o nā mea hoʻohana Pūnaewele |
700,000 |
Takisitana hoʻolauna
Uhi ʻo Tajikistan i kahi o 143,100 kilomika kilomika a he ʻāina paʻa ʻāina aia ia ma ka hema hikina o ʻAsia. Aia ia i Uzbekistan a me Kyrgyzstan i ke komohana a ʻo Kyrgyzstan i ke komohana, ʻo Xinjiang Kina ma ka hikina, a ʻo Afghanistan ma ka hema. Aia ia ma kahi mauna, 90% o ia mau wahi mauna a me nā pā, a ma kahi o ka hapalua o lākou aia ma luna o 3000 mau mika ma luna o ka ʻilikai. ʻIke ʻia ʻo "ʻāina mauna". ʻO ka pae mauna mauna ʻākau no ka ʻōnaehana mauna Tianshan, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao kikowaena no ka ʻōnaehana mauna Gisar-Altai, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao hema ʻo ka Pamirs uhi uhi ʻia e ka hau, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau ka palena komohana o ka Fergana Basin, a ʻo ke komohana hema ʻo ke awāwa ʻo Wahsh, ke awāwa ʻo Gisar a me ke awāwa ʻo Geyser. Ke awāwa ʻo Aka a pēlā aku. <► ʻO Tajikistan, ka inoa piha o ka Repubalika o Tajikistan, e uhi ana i kahi o 143,100 kilomika kilomika, a he ʻāina paʻa ʻāina aia ia ma ka hema hikina o ʻAsia. Aia ia i Uzbekistan a me Kyrgyzstan i ke komohana a me Kyrgyzstan, ʻo Xinjiang o Kina i ka hikina, a ʻo Afghanistan i ka hema. Aia ia ma kahi mauna, 90% o ia mau wahi mauna a me nā pā, a ma kahi o ka hapalua o lākou aia ma luna o 3000 mau mika ma luna o ka ʻilikai. ʻO ka pae mauna mauna ʻākau no ka ʻōnaehana mauna Tianshan, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao kikowaena no ka ʻōnaehana mauna Gisar-Altai, ʻo ka hema hema ka uhi ʻana o ka hau iā Pamirs, a ʻo ka kiʻekiʻe loa ka piko komunista me kahi kiʻekiʻe o 7495 mau mika. Ma ke kūkulu ʻākau ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ke kahawai ʻo Fergana, a ma ke komohana hema aia ke awāwa ʻo Wahsh, ke awāwa ʻo Gysar a me ke awāwa ʻo Penchi. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kahawai i ka ʻōnaehana wai brackish, ʻo ia hoʻi me ka muliwai Syr, Amu Darya, Zelafshan, Vakhsh a me Fernigan. Nui ka waiwai o ka wai. Hoʻolahalaha nui ʻia nā loko i loko o ka Pamirs. ʻO Kara Lake ka loko paʻakai nui loa me kahi kiʻekiʻe o 3965 mau mika. ʻO ka ʻāpana a puni kahi i loaʻa i kahi ʻano maʻamau Continental. ʻO ke aniau ʻĀinapuni i nā wahi mauna kiʻekiʻe e hoʻonui me ka piʻi ʻana o ke kiʻekiʻe, a me ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka ʻākau a me ka hema he nui. ʻO ka panalāʻau āpau kahi pae kaiāulu maʻamau, me ka awelika o -2 ℃ ~ 2 ℃ i Ianuali a me ka mahana awelika o 23 ℃ 30 ℃ i Iulai. ʻO 150-250 mm ka hāʻule o ka makahiki. Uhi ʻia ka ʻaoʻao komohana o Pamir me ka hau i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa, e hana ana i nā aniani he nui. Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano holoholona a me nā mea kanu i ka panalāʻau, a ʻoi aku ma mua o 5,000 o nā ʻano mea kanu wale nō. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻāina i ʻekolu mau mokuʻāina, hoʻokahi ʻāpana, a hoʻokahi kulanakauhale ma lalo pono o ke Aupuni Kūloko: Gorno-Badakhshan State, Soghd State (ma mua ʻo Leninabad State), Khatlon State, a me ke Central Government. Ke kūlanakauhale ʻĀpana a me Dushanbe. p / / / Mai ka makahiki 9 a hiki i ka 10 mau kenekulia AD, ua hoʻokumu nui ʻia ka lāhui Tajik, a he lāhui kahiko ia ma Central Asia. I ke kenekulia 9, ua hoʻokumu nā Tajik i ka moʻokūʻauhau Samanid nui loa a me Bukhara ma ke ʻano he mōʻaukala i ka mōʻaukala. ʻO ka moʻomeheu lahui a me nā loina o nā Tajik i kēia wā mōʻaukala lōʻihi. palapala Hui pū me nā aupuni o Ghaznavid a me Kharazm i ke kenekulia 10-15. Lanakila ʻia e nā Mongol Tatars i ke kenekulia 13. Ua hui pū ʻia me Bukhara Khanate mai ke kenekulia 16. I ka 1868, ua hui ʻia nā ʻāpana o Fergana a me Samarkand ma ka ʻākau i Lūkia, a ʻo Bukhara Khan ma ka hema kahi moku vassal Lūkini. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic ma ʻOkakopa 16, 1929, a ua hui pū ʻia me ka Soviet Union ma Kēkēmapa 5 o kēlā makahiki. Ma ʻAukake 24, 1990, ua ʻae ka Supreme Soviet o Tajikistan i ka Declaration of the Soemyty of the Republic. I ka hopena o ʻAukake 1991, ua kapa hou ʻia ka inoa ʻo ka Lepupalika ʻo Tajikistan. Ma Kepakemapa 9th o ia makahiki, ua hoʻolaha ka Lepupalika ʻo Tajikistan i kona kūʻokoʻa. Ua hōʻoia kēia lā ma ke ʻano he lā kūʻokoʻa o ka Repubalika a ua hui pū ʻo ia me CIS i ka lā 21 o Kēkēmapa. hae aupuni: he huinahā kaulike me ka lākiō o ka loa i ka laulā ma kahi o 2: 1. Mai luna a i lalo, ʻekolu mau huinahā kaulike o ka ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo, a me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Ma ka waena o ka ʻāpana keʻokeʻo, he kalaunu a ʻehiku kaulike kaulike ʻia nā hōkū ʻelima. Hōʻailona ka ʻulaʻula i ka lanakila o ka ʻāina, hōʻailona ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka pōmaikaʻi a me ka manaʻolana, a ʻo ka keʻokeʻo e hōʻike i ka hoʻomana haipule; ʻo ka lei aliʻi a me ka pentagram hōʻailona i ke kūʻokoʻa a me ka noho aliʻi o ka ʻāina. Ua lilo ʻo Tajikistan i repubalika o ka Soviet Union ma mua i 1929. Mai ka 1953, ua ʻae ʻo ia i kahi hae ʻulaʻula me kahi hōkū melemele ʻelima, ka pahikakiwi a me ka hāmare ma ka ʻaoʻao luna a me nā kaha keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa. Ua hoʻolaha ʻia ke kūʻokoʻa ma ka lā 9 Kepakemapa 1991, a ua lawe ʻia ka hae aupuni i kēia manawa. p ʻO ka heluna kānaka o Tajikistan ʻo 6,919,600 (Kekemapa 2005). ʻO nā hui lāhui nui ʻo Tajik (70.5%), Uzbek (26.5%), Lūkia (0.32%), a me Tatar, Kyrgyz, Ukrainian, Turkmen, Kazakh, Belarus, Armenia a me nā hui lāhui ʻē aʻe. Manaʻo ka hapa nui o nā kamaʻāina i ka Hoʻomana Islam, ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou he Sunni, a ʻo ka wahi Pamir no ka ʻohana Shiite Ismaili. ʻO Tajik ka ʻōlelo aupuni (indo-European Iranian ʻohana ʻohana, like me Persian), a ʻo Lūkia ka ʻōlelo o ka kamaʻilio kūwaho. p p / / / . ʻO ka mālama ʻana o Uranium nā kūlana mua ma ka Commonwealth o nā Aupuni Kūʻokoʻa, a ʻo ka mines a me nā mines zinc ka pae mua ma Central Asia. Hoʻonohonoho nui ʻia ka ʻoihana ma Dushanbe a me Leninabad, ka hapanui o ka mining, ʻoihana māmā a me ka ʻoihana meaʻai. Ua hana ka ʻoihana mana i nā mea nui, a me kāna mālama waiwai paʻa per capita i ke kūlana ma waena o nā mea kiʻekiʻe o ka honua. ʻO ka ʻoihana māmā ka mea e hoʻomālamalama ʻia e ka pulupulu ginning, ka pīni silika a me ka lole lole lole. He nani a kū hoʻokahi hoʻi nā hana lima kanaka. ʻO ka ʻoihana meaʻai ka hapa nui o ka aila, hemo ʻana i ka momona, hana ʻana i ka waina, a me ka hana ʻana i ka hua a me ka mea kanu. ʻO ka mahiʻai ka ʻāpana nui o ka hoʻokele waiwai. ʻO ke kīhāpai, ka mahiʻai a me ka mahi ʻana i ka hua waina ka mea nui. Ke hānai nui nei ka ʻoihana holoholona, hānai hipa, bipi a me nā lio. He mea nui ka ʻoihana kanu pulupulu i ka mahiʻai, a kaulana loa ia no ka hana ʻana i ka pulupulu olonā maikaʻi kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ke kahunapule ʻo Tajikistan aia ma 38.5 kekelē ʻākau latitude a me 68.8 degere hikina ma waena o nā kahawai ʻo Varzob a me Kafirnigan ʻO ka Gisar Basin kahi kiʻekiʻe o 750-930 mau mika a me kahi o 125 kilomika kilomika. ʻO ke ana wela kiʻekiʻe loa i ke kauwela hiki i 40 ℃, a ʻo ka mahana haʻahaʻa i ka hoʻoilo ʻo -20. ʻO ka heluna kānaka he 562,000. ʻO ka poʻe kamaʻāina he poʻe Rūkia a me Tajik ka nui. ʻO nā lāhui ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka Tatar a me nā Ukraine. He kūlanakauhale hou ʻo Dushanbe i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā kauhale mamao ʻekolu e like me Kyushambe ma hope o ka ʻOkakopa Revolution. Mai ka 1925, ua kapa ʻia ia he kūlanakauhale. Ma mua o 1925, ua kapa ʻia ʻo Kishrak (ʻo ia hoʻi ke kauhale). Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Dushanbe mai 1925 a 1929, i unuhi mua ʻia ʻo Joushambe, ʻo ia hoʻi ka Pōʻakahi. Mai 1929 a 1961, ua kapa ʻia ia Stalinabad, ʻo ia hoʻi "Stalin City". I ka 1929, lilo ia i kapikala o ka Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (repubalika o ka Soviet Union ma mua). Ma hope o 1961, kapa hou ʻia ka inoa ʻo Dushanbe. I Kepakemapa 1991, lilo ia i kapikala o ka Lepupalika ʻo Tajikistan i hōʻike i kona kūʻokoʻa. ʻO Dushanbe ke kahua aupuni kālaiʻāina, ʻenehana, ʻepekema a me ka ʻike moʻomeheu. Loaʻa i nā alanui i loko o ke kūlanakauhale kahi hoʻonohonoho kihi huinahā, a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hale he bungalow e pale ai i nā ōlaʻi. ʻO nā keʻena hoʻokele, moʻomeheu, hoʻonaʻauao a me nā ʻepekema noiʻi i loko o ke kūlanakauhale, a ʻo nā ʻaoʻao hema a me komohana o ke kūlanakauhale he wahi ʻoihana hou a me nā wahi noho. ʻO nā keʻena ʻepekema ʻimi noiʻi pū kekahi me ka Republic Academy of Science a me ka Tajik Institute of Agricultural Science. ʻO nā kula ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe me Tajik National University, National Medical University, Taoslav University, Agricultural University, etc. |