Tajikistan, dzina lonse la Republic of Tajikistan, lili ndi malo okwana makilomita 143,100 ndipo ndi dziko lopanda malire lomwe lili kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Central Asia. Imadutsa Uzbekistan ndi Kyrgyzstan kumadzulo ndi Kyrgyzstan kumadzulo, Xinjiang yaku China kum'mawa, ndi Afghanistan kumwera. Ili m'dera lamapiri, 90% yake ndi mapiri ndi mapiri m'derali, ndipo pafupifupi theka la iwo ali pamwamba pa mita 3000 pamwamba pa nyanja. Amadziwika kuti "dziko lamapiri". Mapiri akumpoto ndi am'mapiri a Tianshan, gawo lapakati ndi la mapiri a Gisar-Altai, kumwera chakum'mawa ndi Pamirs wokutidwa ndi chipale chofewa, ndipo okwera kwambiri ndiye nsonga yachikominisi yokhala ndi kutalika kwa 7495 mita. Gawo lakumpoto ndilo chakumadzulo kwa Fergana Basin, ndipo kumwera chakumadzulo kuli Wahsh Valley, Gysar Valley, ndi Penchi Valley. Mitsinje yambiri imakhala yamadzi amchere, makamaka Syr, Amu Darya, Zelafshan, Vakhsh ndi Fernigan. Zowonjezera madzi ndizambiri. Nyanja zimagawidwa kwambiri ku Pamirs. Nyanja ya Kara ndiye nyanja yayikulu kwambiri yamchere yokhala ndi kutalika kwa 3965 mita. Dera lonseli limakhala ndi nyengo yofanana ndi kontinenti: Nyengo yam'mapiri kumtunda wamapiri amakula ndikuwonjezeka kwakumtunda, ndipo kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa kumpoto ndi kumwera ndikwakukulu. Dera lonselo limakhala ndi nyengo yanthawi zonse, ndi kutentha kwapakati pa -2 ℃ ～ 2 ℃ mu Januware; kutentha kwapakati pa 23 ℃ ～ 30 ℃ mu Julayi. Mpweya wamvula wapachaka ndi 150-250 mm. Gawo lakumadzulo la Pamir limakutidwa ndi chipale chofewa chaka chonse, ndikupanga madzi oundana akuluakulu. Pali mitundu yambiri ya nyama ndi zomera m'derali, ndipo pali mitundu yoposa 5,000 ya zomera zokha.

Dzikoli lagawika zigawo zitatu, chigawo chimodzi, ndi masipala m'modzi molamulidwa ndi Central Government: Gorno-Badakhshan State, Soghd State (kale Leninabad State), Khatlon State, ndi Central Government Mzinda wa District ndi Dushanbe.

M'zaka za zana la 9 mpaka 10 AD, dziko la Tajik lidapangidwa, ndipo linali dziko lakale ku Central Asia. M'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chinayi, a Tajiks adakhazikitsa ufumu woyamba wamphamvu komanso wamphamvu wa Samanid ndi Bukhara ngati likulu m'mbiri. Chikhalidwe ndi zikhalidwe za anthu aku Tajik zidali munthawi yazaka zapitazo. mawonekedwe. Adalowa nawo maufumu a Ghaznavid ndi Kharzm kuyambira zaka za 10 mpaka 13. Kugonjetsedwa ndi a Mongol Tatars m'zaka za zana la 13. Adalowa nawo Bukhara Khanate kuyambira zaka za 16th. Mu 1868, madera ena a Fergana ndi Samarkand kumpoto adalumikizidwa ku Russia, ndipo Bukhara Khan kumwera kwake anali boma la Russia. Republic of Tajik Soviet Socialist idakhazikitsidwa pa Okutobala 16, 1929, ndipo idalowa Soviet Union pa Disembala 5 chaka chomwecho. Pa Ogasiti 24, 1990, a Supreme Soviet aku Tajikistan adakhazikitsa Lamulo Lachifumu la Republic. Kumapeto kwa Ogasiti 1991, adadzisinthanso kuti Republic of Tajikistan.Pa Seputembara 9 chaka chomwecho, Republic of Tajikistan idalengeza ufulu wake.Tsikuli lidatsimikizika ngati Tsiku la Ufulu Wodzilamulira ndipo lidalowa nawo CIS pa Disembala 21.

Mbendera yadziko: Ndi rectangle yopingasa yokhala ndi chiyerekezo cha kutalika mpaka m'lifupi pafupifupi 2: 1. Kuyambira pamwamba mpaka pansi, imakhala ndi makona atatu ofananira ofiira, oyera, ndi obiriwira.Pakati pa gawo loyera, pali korona ndipo nyenyezi zisanu ndi ziwiri zogawidwa mofananamo. Chofiira chimatanthauza kupambana kwa dzikolo, chobiriwira chikuyimira chitukuko ndi chiyembekezo, ndipo zoyera zikuyimira zikhulupiriro zachipembedzo; korona ndi pentagram zikuyimira kudziyimira pawokha komanso kudziyimira pawokha. Tajikistan idakhala republic ya dziko lomwe kale linali Soviet Union mu 1929. Kuyambira 1953, yatenga mbendera yofiira yokhala ndi chikasu chachikuda cha nyenyezi zisanu, chikwakwa ndi nyundo kumtunda kwake ndi mikwingwirima yoyera ndi yobiriwira yopingasa kumunsi. Kudziyimira pawokha kudalengezedwa pa Seputembara 9, 1991, ndipo mbendera yapadziko lonse lapansi idalandiridwa.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ku Tajikistan ndi 6,919,600 (Disembala 2005). Mitundu yayikulu ndi Tajik (70.5%), Uzbek (26.5%), Russian (0.32%), kuwonjezera pa Chitata, Kyrgyz, Ukraine, Turkmen, Kazakh, Belarus, Armenia ndi mitundu ina. Ambiri okhalamo amakhulupirira Chisilamu, ambiri mwa iwo ndi Asunni, ndipo dera la Pamir ndi la fuko la Shiite Ismaili. Chilankhulo chamtunduwu ndi Chitajik (banja lachiyankhulo cha ku Irani, lofanana ndi la Persian), ndipo Chirasha ndiye chilankhulo choyankhulana pakati pa mafuko.

Zinthu zachilengedwe makamaka ndizitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri (lead, zinc, tungsten, antimony, mercury, etc.), zitsulo zosowa, malasha, mchere wamwala, kuphatikiza mafuta, gasi wachilengedwe, miyala yambiri ya uranium ndi zida zina zomangira . Uranium imakhala malo oyamba mu CIS, ndipo migodi yotsogolera ndi zinc imakhala yoyamba ku Central Asia. Makampani amakhala makamaka ku Dushanbe ndi Leninabad, makamaka migodi, mafakitale opepuka komanso mafakitale azakudya. Makampani opanga zamagetsi achita bwino kwambiri, ndipo mphamvu zake pamtundu uliwonse zamagetsi zimakhala pamndandanda wapamwamba kwambiri padziko lapansi. Makampani owala kwambiri amalamulidwa ndi kuluka kwa thonje, kuluka kwa silika ndi kupanga bulangeti. Zojambula zamanja ndizokongola komanso mawonekedwe apadera. Makampani opanga zakudya ndi omwe amapangira mafuta, mafuta, mowa, ndi zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Ulimi ndiye gawo lotsogola pachuma.Munda wa zipatso, kulima mbewu zam'munda ndi kulima mphesa ndizofunikira kwambiri. Makampani opanga ziweto amadyetsa, kuweta nkhosa, ng'ombe ndi akavalo. Makampani obzala thonje amatenga gawo lofunikira pantchito zaulimi, ndipo amadziwika kwambiri popanga thonje labwino kwambiri.

Dushanbe: Dushanbe (Dushanbe, Душанбе) ndiye likulu la Tajikistan, lomwe lili pa 38.5 degrees kumpoto chakumtunda ndi madigiri 68.8 kum'mawa, pakati pa mitsinje ya Varzob ndi Kafirnigan Gisar Basin, mamita 750-930 pamwamba pa nyanja, ili ndi dera lalikulu ma kilomita 125. Kutentha kwambiri m'nyengo yotentha kumatha kufika 40 and, ndipo kotentha kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira ndi -20 ℃. Anthu ake ndi 562,000. Anthuwa makamaka ndi anthu aku Russia komanso Tajiks.Mafuko ena amaphatikizaponso Atata ndi aku Ukraine.

Dushanbe ndi mzinda watsopano womwe udakhazikitsidwa ndi midzi itatu yakutali kuphatikiza Kyushambe pambuyo pa Revolution ya Okutobala. Kuyambira 1925, wakhala akutchedwa mzinda. Pambuyo pa 1925, unkatchedwa Kishrak (kutanthauza mudzi). Amatchedwa Dushanbe kuyambira 1925 mpaka 1929, omwe poyamba adamasuliridwa kuti Joushambe, kutanthauza Lolemba.Adatchulidwa pambuyo pamsika wa Lolemba. Kuyambira 1929 mpaka 1961, amatchedwa Stalinabad, kutanthauza "Mzinda wa Stalin". Mu 1929, idakhala likulu la dziko la Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (republic of the former Soviet Union). Pambuyo pa 1961, adadzatchedwa Dushanbe. Mu Seputembara 1991, lidakhala likulu la Republic of Tajikistan lomwe lidalengeza ufulu wake.

Dushanbe ndi malo apadziko lonse andale, mafakitale, asayansi komanso chikhalidwe. Misewu ya mzindawu imakhala ndi magalasi amakona amakona anayi, ndipo nyumba zambiri ndimabungowsows oteteza zivomezi. Maofesi oyang'anira, azikhalidwe, maphunziro ndi asayansi ali pakatikati pa mzindawu, ndipo madera akumwera ndi azungu akumzindawu ndi mafakitale atsopano komanso malo okhala. Mabungwe ofufuza za sayansi makamaka amaphatikizapo Republic Academy of Science ndi Tajik Institute of Agricultural Science. Maphunziro a maphunziro apamwamba akuphatikizapo Tajik National University, National Medical University, University of Taoslav, University of Agricultural, etc.