Tajikistan, izita rakazara reRepublic of Tajikistan, rinofukidza nzvimbo inosvika makiromita zviuru zana nemakumi matatu nemana, uye inyika yakavharwa iri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweCentral Asia. Inogumira Uzbekistan neKyrgyzstan kumadokero neKyrgyzstan, China yeXinjiang kumabvazuva, uye Afghanistan kumaodzanyemba. Iyo inowanikwa munzvimbo ine makomo, 90% ayo ari makomo nemapani ari mukati medunhu, uye inenge hafu yawo ari pamusoro pemamita 3000 pamusoro pegungwa. Nzvimbo yekumusoro yemakomo ndeyeTianshan makomo system, iyo yepakati chikamu ndeyeGisar-Altai gomo system, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva ndeye Pamirs yakafukidzwa nechando, uye yakakwira - chikamu checommunist chine kukwirira kwemamita 7495. Kumusoro kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweFergana Basin, uye kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kune Wahsh Valley, Gysar Valley nePenchi Valley. Dzakawanda dzenzizi ndedzeyeye brackish mvura system, kunyanya inosanganisira Syr, Amu Darya, Zelafshan, Vakhsh naFernigan. Izvo zviwanikwa zvemvura zvakakura. Madziva anonyanya kugoverwa muPamirs. Kara Lake ndiro dziva remunyu rakakura nekukwirira kwemamita mazana matatu nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemapfumbamwe. Iyo nharaunda yese ine yakajairika kondinendi mamiriro ekunze.Mamiriro ekunze emakondinendi munzvimbo dzakakwirira dzemakomo anowedzera nekuwedzera kwekukwira, uye mutsauko wetembiricha pakati kuchamhembe nekumaodzanyemba wakakura. Iyo nharaunda yese ine yakajairika kondinendi mamiriro ekunze, iine avhareji tembiricha ye -2 ℃ ～ 2 ℃ munaNdira uye avhareji tembiricha ye23 ℃ ～ 30 ℃ muna Chikunguru. Kunaya kwegore negore kuri 150-250 mm. Chikamu chekumadokero chePamir chakafukidzwa nesinou gore rese, ichiumba mazaya echando makuru. Kune marudzi mazhinji emhuka nezvirimwa mudunhu iri, uye kune anopfuura zviuru zvishanu zvemarudzi ezvirimwa chete.

Nyika yakakamurwa kuita matunhu matatu, dunhu rimwe, uye maseru mumwechete pasi peCentral Government: Gorno-Badakhshan State, Soghd State (yaimbova Leninabad State), Khatlon State, uye Central Government Dunhu uye Dushanbe guta.

Muzana ramakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe kusvika regumi AD, nyika yeTajik yakaumbwa, uye yaive nyika yekare muCentral Asia. Muzana ramakore rechi9, maTajiks akatanga hushe hwekutanga hukuru uye hune simba hushe hweSamanid neBukhara seguta guru munhoroondo.Tsika dzenyika netsika zvevaTajiks zvaive munguva yezana remazana emakore. fomu. Akabatana maumambo eGhaznavid neKharzm kubva muzana regumi negumi nenhatu. Kukundwa neMongol Tatars muzana remakore rechi13. Akajoinha Bukhara Khanate kubvira muzana ramakore rechi 16. Muna 1868, zvikamu zveFergana neSamarkand kuchamhembe zvakabatanidzwa neRussia, uye Bukhara Khan kumaodzanyemba yaive nyika yeRussia. Iyo Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic yakavambwa muna Gumiguru 16, 1929, uye ikabatana neSoviet Union muna Zvita 5 wegore rimwe chetero. Musi waAugust 24, 1990, Supreme Soviet yeTajikistan yakagamuchira Chiziviso cheUchangamire hweRepublic. Pakupera kwaAugust 1991, yakapihwa zita rekuti Republic of Tajikistan.Pana 9 Gunyana wegore rimwe chetero, Republic of Tajikistan yakazivisa rusununguko.Zuva iri rakasimbiswa seRepublic's Independence Day uye rakabatana neCIS muna Zvita 21.

Mureza wenyika: Iyo yakatenderera yakatenderera ine chiyero chehurefu kusvika paupamhi hweinenge 2: 1. Kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi, inoumbwa nemakona matatu akaenzana akatsvuka, machena, uye matema.Pakati pechikamu chena, pane korona uye nomwe dzakaenzana dzakagoverwa nyeredzi-dzakatarisana shanu. Tsvuku inomiririra kukunda kwenyika, girini inomiririra budiriro netariro, uye chena inomiririra kutenda kwechitendero; korona nepentagram zvinomiririra nyika kuzvimiririra uye kuzvitonga. Tajikistan yakava republic yeyaimbova Soviet Union muna 1929. Kubva 1953, yakagamuchira mureza mutsvuku ine yero nyeredzi-yakatarwa nyeredzi, jeko uye sando patani kumusoro uye mitsetse chena uye yakasvibirira yakatwasuka pazasi. Kuzvimiririra kwakaziviswa musi waGunyana 9, 1991, uye mureza wazvino wenyika wakagamuchirwa.

Vagari veTajikistan vane 6,919,600 (Zvita 2005). Iwo makuru emadzinza eTajik (70.5%), Uzbek (26.5%), Russian (0.32%), kuwedzera kuTatar, Kyrgyz, Ukrainian, Turkmen, Kazakh, Belarus, Armenia nemamwe marudzi. Vazhinji vevagari vanotenda muIslam, vazhinji vacho maSunni, uye nzvimbo yePamir ndeyedzinza revaShiite Ismaili. Mutauro wenyika chiTajik (indo-European Iranian mhuri yemhuri, yakafanana nePezhiya), uye chiRussia mutauro wekutaurirana pakati pemarudzi.

Zviwanikwa zvakasikwa zvinonyanya kunge zvisina simbi (lead, zinc, tungsten, antimony, mercury, nezvimwewo), zvisingawanzo simbi, marasha, dombo munyu, kuwedzera kune oiri, gasi rechisikigo, yakawanda uranium ore uye zvakasiyana siyana zvekuvakisa. . Uranium inochengeterwa chinzvimbo chekutanga muCommonwealth yeIndende States, uye migodhi uye zinc migodhi inotanga muCentral Asia. Maindasitiri anonyanya kuverengerwa muDushanbe neLeninabad, kunyanya kuchera, indasitiri yakajeka uye indasitiri yezvokudya. Iyo indasitiri yemagetsi yaita budiriro huru, uye yayo yega capita simba zviwanikwa inochengeterwa chinzvimbo pakati pepamusoro pasirese. Indasitiri yechiedza inotungamirwa nekotoni kusinina, kudzedzereka kwesiriki uye kugadzirwa kwemachira. Iwo mabasa emaoko akasarudzika uye akasarudzika muchimiro. Iyo indasitiri yezvikafu inonyanya kuburitsa oiri, kutora mafuta, kubika waini, uye kugadzira michero nemiriwo Zvekurima ndiyo inotungamira chikamu chehupfumi.Munda wemichero, kurima uye kurima mazambiringa kwakakosha. Indasitiri yezvipfuyo iri kunyanya kufudza, kufudza makwai, mombe nemabhiza. Iyo indasitiri yekudyara donje inoita basa rakakosha mune zvekurima, uye inonyanya kuzivikanwa nekugadzira mhando yepamusoro yefiber fiber.

Dushanbe: Dushanbe (Dushanbe, Душанбе) ndiro guta guru reTajikistan.Inowanikwa pa 38.5 degrees kuchamhembe kwenharaunda uye 68.8 madigiri ekumabvazuva, pakati penzizi dzeVarzob neKafirnigan Iyo Gisar Basin ine yakakwirira ye750-930 metres uye nharaunda ye125 square kilometres. Icho kupisa kwepamusoro-soro muzhizha kunogona kusvika 40 ℃, uye iyo yakadzika tembiricha munguva yechando ndeye -20 ℃. Vagari vanosvika 562 000. Vagari vacho vanonyanya kuve maRussia nemaTajiks.Mamwe madzinza anosanganisira maTatar nemaUkraine

Dushanbe iguta nyowani rakamisikidzwa nemisha mitatu iri kure inosanganisira Kyushambe mushure meChimurenga Chimure Kubva 1925, rave kunzi guta. Asati a1925, yainzi Kishrak (kureva musha). Yainzi Dushanbe kubva muna 1925 kusvika 1929, iyo yakashandurwa pakutanga kuti Joushambe, zvichireva Muvhuro.Yakatumidzwa zita remusika weMuvhuro. Kubva 1929 kusvika 1961, yainzi Stalinabad, zvinoreva kuti "Guta reStalin". Muna 1929, rakava guta guru reTajik Soviet Socialist Republic (republic yeyaimbova Soviet Union). Mushure me1961, yakanzizve Dushanbe. MunaGunyana 1991, rakava guta guru reRepublic of Tajikistan iro rakazivisa rusununguko.

Dushanbe inzvimbo yezvematongerwo enyika, maindasitiri, sainzi uye tsika yedzidzo. Migwagwa yeguta ine marara akaenzana emakona, uye mazhinji ezvivakwa mabungalows ekudzivirira kudengenyeka kwenyika. Administrative, tsika, dzidzo uye nesainzi ekutsvagisa masangano ari pakati peguta, uye kumaodzanyemba nekumadokero zvikamu zveguta nzvimbo nyowani dzemabhizimusi uye dzekugara. Masainzi ekutsvagisa sainzi anonyanya kusanganisira iyo Republic Academy yeSainzi uye iyo Tajik Institute yeAgriculture Sayenzi. Masangano edzidzo yepamusoro anosanganisira Tajik National University, National Medical University, Taoslav University, Agricultural University, nezvimwe.