United Kingdom, aha ya bụ United Kingdom nke Great Britain na Northern Ireland. Ọ na-ekpuchi mpaghara nke square kilomita 243,600 (gụnyere mmiri ndị dị n'ime), gụnyere square kilomita 134,400 na England, square kilomita 78,800 na Scotland, square kilomita 20,800 na Wales, na kilomita 13,600 na Northern Ireland. United Kingdom bụ obodo agwaetiti dị na ọdịda anyanwụ ọdịda anyanwụ Europe, nke gunyere Great Britain (gụnyere England, Scotland, Wales), akụkụ ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ nke agwaetiti Ireland na obere obere agwaetiti. O chere ihu na kọntinenti Europe n'ofe Osimiri Ugwu, Strait of Dover, na Channel Channel. Ala ya dị na Republic of Ireland. Ala gbara osimiri okirikiri nwere mkpokọta ogologo nke 11,450 kilomita. E kewara ókèala ahụ nile ụzọ anọ: mbara ọwụwa anyanwụ nke ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ England, ugwu nke Midwest, ugwu Scotland, ugwu ugwu nke Northern Ireland na ugwu. Ọ bụ ihu igwe dị oke ala nke oke osimiri, nke dị nwayọọ ma na iru mmiri n'ime afọ. Na-emekarị okpomọkụ kachasị elu anaghị agafe 32 ℃, ọnọdụ dị ala adịghị ala karịa -10 ℃, nkezi okpomọkụ bụ 4 ～ 7 ℃ na Jenụwarị na 13 ～ 17 ℃ na July. Mmiri ozuzo na udu mmiri, ọkachasị n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ na udu mmiri.

E kewara United Kingdom na mpaghara anọ: England, Scotland, Wales na Northern Ireland. E kewara England na mpaghara 43, Scotland nwere mpaghara 29 na mpaghara pụrụ iche 3, Northern Ireland nwere mpaghara 26, na Wales nwere mpaghara 22. Na mgbakwunye, UK nwere ókèala 12.

BC Oke Osimiri Mediterenian, Picnics na Celts biara na Britain n’usoro. Ndịda mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Great Britain chịrịrị Alaeze Ukwu Rom na 1-5 narị afọ. Mgbe ndị Rom hapụrụ, Anglo, Saxon na Jutes nke dị na mgbago ugwu Europe wakporo ma biri otu otu. Usoro ọchịchị bidoro ịmalite na narị afọ nke asaa, ọtụtụ obere mba jikọtara ọnụ na alaeze asaa, na-alụ ọgụ maka afọ 200, nke akpọrọ "Anglo-Saxon Era" na akụkọ ntolite. Na 829, Egerbert, Eze Wessex, jikọrọ England ọnụ. Ndị Denmark wakporo na njedebe nke narị afọ nke 8, ọ bụ akụkụ nke alaeze ndị omekome nke Denmark site na 1016 ruo 1042. Mgbe eze Britain chịrị obere oge, Duke nke Normandy gafere oke osimiri iji merie England na 1066. Na 1215, a manyere Eze John ịbịanye aka na Magna Carta, ma gbochie ọbụbụeze ahụ. Site na 1338 rue 1453, Britain na France lụrụ “Afọ Iri Afọ.” Britain meriri nke mbụ wee merie. Ndi Spain “aghaghi agha agha” na 1588 meriri ndi agha nke osimiri.

N’afọ 1640, Britain dara mbido mbụ nke bourgeois n’ụwa wee bụrụ onye mbute nke mgbanwe bourgeois. N’abalị iri na itoolu n’ọnwa Mee afọ 1649, a mara ọchịchị mba ahụ. Emechiri usoro ndị eze ahụ na 1660 na "Ebube mgbanwe" mere na 1668, guzobe ọchịchị eze. England jikọtara Scotland na 1707 wee banye na Ireland na 1801. Site na ọkara nke 18 nke 18 ruo ọkara mbụ nke 19th narị afọ, ọ ghọrọ mba mbụ n'ụwa iji mezue mgbanwe mmepụta ihe. Narị afọ nke iri na itoolu bụ ụbọchị alaeze Britain kacha elu. Na 1914, ógbè ahụ bi na ya ji okpukpu iri na otu na otu karịa nke ala. Ọ bụ ike ọchịchị mbụ wee kwuo na ya bụ "alaeze nke anyanwụ na-adịghị ada ada." Ọ malitere ịda mbà mgbe Agha Worldwa Mbụ gasịrị. United Kingdom guzobere North Ireland na 1920 wee hapụ ndịda Ireland ịhapụ ọchịchị ya site na 1921 ruo 1922 wee guzobe mba nweere onwe ya. E kwupụtara Iwu Westminster na 1931, a manyere ya ịnakwere ike ọchịchị ya ịnọrọ onwe ya n'ihe omume nke ụlọ na nke mba ofesi, usoro ọchịchị nke alaeze Britain wee maa jijiji kemgbe ahụ. N'oge Agha Worldwa nke Abụọ, ike akụ na ụba dara mbà nke ukwuu ma ọnọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị jụrụ. Site na nnwere onwe nke India na Pakistan na 1947, usoro ọchịchị ndị Britain bibiri na 1960s.

Ọkọlọtọ mba: Ọ bụ rectangle kwụ ọtọ na nha nke ogologo na obosara nke 2: 1. Ọ bụ ọkọlọtọ "Osikapa," nke mejupụtara ndabere gbara ọchịchịrị na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na uhie na ọcha "Osikapa". Obe na-acha uhie uhie nke nwere oke ọcha na ọkọlọtọ na-anọchite anya onye nsọ na-elekọta George nke England, obe na-acha ọcha na-anọchite anya onye nchebe nke Scotland Andrew, na-acha uhie uhie na-anọchitekwa onye nsọ nchebe nke Ireland Patrick. A na-emepụta ọkọlọtọ a na 1801. Ọ mejupụtara mbụ England ọcha ala red mma ọkọlọtọ iri, Scotland si-acha anụnụ anụnụ ala-acha ọcha cross ọkọlọtọ na Ireland na-acha ọcha ala red cross cross ọkọlọtọ.

UK nwere ndị bi na 60.2 nde (June 2005), nke nde 50.4 nọ na England, nde 5.1 na Scotland, nde 3 na Wales, na nde 1.7 na Northern Ireland. Ma ndị isi ma asụsụ French bụ ndị Bekee. A na-asụ Welsh na mgbago ugwu Wales, na Gaelic ka na-asụ na Northwest Highlands nke Scotland na akụkụ ụfọdụ nke Northern Ireland. Ndị bi na ya kwenyere na Iso Christianityzọ Kraịst Protestant, nke kachasị na Chọọchị England (nke a makwaara dị ka Chọọchị Anglịkan, nke ndị otu ya nwere ihe dịka 60% nke ndị okenye Britain) na Chọọchị Scotland (nke a makwaara dị ka Chọọchị Presbyterian, yana ndị otu 660,000) Enwekwara obodo okpukperechi buru ibu dika uka Katoliki na Buddha, okpukpe Hindu, okpukpe ndi Juu na Islam.

Britain bụ otu n'ime ike akụ na ụba ụwa, ngwaahịa ya niile na-ebute ụzọ n'etiti mba ndị dị na Western. N’afọ 2006, ego mba anyị nwetara ruru ijeri dọla 2341.371, nke mere na mmadụ n’ego ahụ ruru dọla U.S. 38,636. N'ime iri afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, òkè nke ụlọ ọrụ Britain na akụ na ụba mba ajụla; akụkụ nke ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na ume aga n'ihu na-abawanye, nke azụmahịa, ego na mkpuchi mepụtara ngwa ngwa. Ulo oru ndi mmadu bu ndi isi nke aku na uba Britain, na-acho ihe kariri 60% nke GDP. Industrylọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ọrụ bụ otu n'ime ụkpụrụ iji tụọ ogo mmepe nke obodo ọgbara ọhụrụ. industrylọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ọrụ na UK nwere 77.5% nke ngụkọta ndị ọrụ ya, na nhapụta ọnụ ahịa ya karịrị 63% nke GDP ya. United Kingdom bụ obodo nwere akụ na ụba ike zuru oke na European Union, ma bụrụkwa onye isi mba na-emepụta mmanụ na gas gas. Ọrụ ndị bụ isi bụ: Ngwuputa, igwe, igwe, akụrụngwa, akụrụngwa, ụgbọala, nri, ihe ọ beụveraụ, ụtaba, textiles, ide akwụkwọ, ibi akwụkwọ, mbipụta akwụkwọ, iwu ụlọ, wdg. Na mgbakwunye, ụgbọelu, elektrọnik, na ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ dị na UK enwechaala ọganiihu, na teknụzụ na-apụta dịka nyocha mmanụ mmanụ, injinia ozi, nkwukọrịta satellite, na microelectronics amalitela nke ọma n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya. Ọrụ ugbo, anụ ụlọ na ịkụ azụ bụ ọrụ anụ ụlọ, ụlọ ọrụ ọka, ịkọ ahịhịa, na ịkụ azụ. Servicelọ ọrụ ọrụ gụnyere ego na mkpuchi, mkpọsa, njem na ọrụ azụmahịa (na-enye ọrụ iwu na ndụmọdụ, wdg), wee mepee ngwa ngwa n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya. Njem nleta bụ otu akụkụ akụ na ụba kachasị mkpa na UK. Uru a na-enweta kwa afọ karịrị ijeri pam iri asaa, na ego ndị njem na-enweta ruru 5% nke ego ndị njem na-enweta n’ụwa. N'adịghị ka mba ndị na-elekwasị anya na njem nlegharị anya, ọdịbendị eze Britain na ọdịbendị ọdịnala bụ ebe kachasị mmasị nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị njem. Isi ebe ndi njem bu London, Edinburgh, Cardiff, Brighton, Greenwich, Oxford, Cambridge, wdg.

London: London, isi obodo United Kingdom (London), dị na mbara ọwụwa anyanwụ nke ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ England, gafere Thames na 88 kilomita site n'ọnụ Thames. Dịka 3000 afọ gara aga, mpaghara London bụ ebe ndị Britain bi. Na 54 BC, Alaeze Ukwu Rom wakporo Great Britain na 43 BC, ọ bụbu isi ọdụ ndị agha nke ndị Rom wee rụọ akwa osisi mbụ gafere Thames. Mgbe narị afọ nke 16 gasịrị, site na ịrị elu nke ikeketeorie Britain, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke London gbasaa ngwa ngwa. Na 1500, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na London bụ nanị 50,000. Kemgbe ahụ, ọ gara n'ihu na-eto. Site na 2001, ndị bi na London ruru nde 7.188.

London bụ ebe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke obodo a.Ọ bụ oche nke ezinụlọ eze Britain, gọọmentị, ndị omeiwu na isi ụlọ ọrụ nke otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dị iche iche. Obí nke Westminster bụ ebe mgbakọ maka ụlọ elu na nke ala nke ndị omebe iwu Britain, ya mere a na-akpọkwa ya Halllọ Nzukọ Ndị Isi. Westminster Abbey na ndịda nke nzuko omeiwu abụwo ebe eze Britain ma ọ bụ eze nwanyị kpuru okpu ma ndị otu ezinụlọ nọ n'agbamakwụkwọ mgbe emechara ya na 1065. E nwere ihe karịrị ili 20 nke ndị eze Britain, ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị a ma ama, ndị na-eme atụmatụ agha, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, ndị edemede na ndị nka dịka Newton, Darwin, Dickens, Hardy, wdg.

Buckingham Obí bụ British Royal Obí.Ọ dị na etiti mpaghara West London.Ọ jikọtara ya na St. James's Park dị n’ọwụwa anyanwụ na Hyde Park n’ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Whitehall bụ oche ọchịchị gọọmentị Britain. Ọfịs praịm minista, Privy Council, Mịnịstrị nke ime ime obodo, Mịnịstrị nke mba ofesi, mịnịstrị na-ahụ maka ego, na mịnịstrị nchekwa bụcha ebe a. Isi nke Whitehall bụ Mịnịsta Mịnịsta Ala na Nke 10 Downing Street, nke bụ ebe obibi gọọmentị nke ndị praịm minista Britain gara aga. London abụghị naanị etiti ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke United Kingdom, kamakwa isi ụlọ ọrụ nke ọtụtụ nzukọ mba ụwa, gụnyere International Maritime Organisation, International Cooperative Union, International PEN, International Women’s League, Socialist International, na Amnesty International.

London bu obodo omenaala n’uwa. E wuru British Museum na narị afọ nke 18 ma bụrụkwa ụlọ ngosi ihe nka kachasị na ụwa.Ọ chịkọtara ọtụtụ ihe mgbe ochie sitere na Britain na mba ndị ọzọ n'ụwa. Na mgbakwunye na British Museum, London nwekwara ụlọ ọrụ ọdịnala dịka ama ama Science Museum na National Gallery. Mahadum London, Royal School of Dance, Royal College of Music, Royal College of Art na Imperial College bụ mahadum ndị ama ama na UK. E guzobere Mahadum London na 1836 ma nwee ugbu a karịa kọleji 60. Mahadum London ama ama maka sayensị sayensị, otu n'ime ndị dọkịta atọ ọ bụla nọ na UK gụsịrị akwụkwọ ebe a.

London bu obodo ama ama-ama ama-ama nke nwere otutu ihe ama-ama ama-ama n’uwa. Na Tower Hill dị na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Obodo London, e nwere Towerlọ Elu nke London, nke a na-ejibu dị ka ebe e wusiri ike agha, obí eze, ụlọ mkpọrọ, ebe a na-edebe ihe ochie, ma bụrụzi ụlọ ngosi ihe ngosi maka okpueze na ngwá agha. N'ịbụ nke dị n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke Thames, e wuru Obí Westminster na 750 AD wee kpuchie ala nke hekta 8. Ọ bụ ụlọ Gothic kasịnụ n'ụwa. Ogige Hyde bụ otu n’ime ebe ndị ama ama na London.Ọ dị n’akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke obodo London.Ọ na-ekpuchi mpaghara nke hekta 636 na ọ bụ ogige kachasị ukwuu na obodo ahụ. E nwere ama "Ọkà Okwu Nkuku" na-mara dị ka "Freedom Forum" na ogige. Kwa izu, ndị mmadụ na-abịa ebe a ikwu okwu ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụbọchị niile.

Manchester: Ọ bụ etiti ụlọ ọrụ akwa owu nke Britain, ebe njem njem dị mkpa na azụmahịa, ego, na ebe ọdịbendị. Ọ dị n’etiti obodo ukwu ahụ na northwest England. Greater Manchester gụnyere Salford, Stockport, Oldham, Rochdale, Bury, Bolton, Wigan na Wallington, na-ekpuchi mpaghara nke kilomita 1,287.

Manchester ama ama maka aha egwuregwu ya, ọkachasị maka inwe klọb bọọlụ ama ama. Abịa na Manchester, ndị mmadụ na-echekarị gbasara bọọlụ. Ọ bụghị nanị na Manchester nwere klọb ndị a ma ama, ọ bụkwa ebe a mụrụ nke Industrial Revolution na otu n'ime obodo ndị kachasị egwu ma na-agbanwe agbanwe na UK. Ọ na-agbanwe site na obodo mmepụta ihe dabere na nrụpụta gaa obodo bara ọgaranya, nke oge a ma sie ike. Enwere ọtụtụ ihe mgbe ochie na veranda dị na obodo ahụ, na-egosi nnukwu mkpokọta ọdịbendị na ogologo oge nke obodo ahụ. Ndụ abalị nke Manchester bụ nke abụọ na United Kingdom.E nwere ọtụtụ ụlọ mmanya, ụlọ mmanya, na ebe ntụrụndụ dị iche iche gbasasịa n'obodo ahụ.Ọbịa na Manchester agaghị echefu ohere iji hụ ndụ abalị ya.

Glasgow: Glasgow (Glasgow) bụ obodo nke atọ kachasị ukwuu na UK na obodo ukwu na azụmahịa na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Scotland na Scotland. Emi odude ke obot obot ikpehe Scotland, ebe Akpa Clyde, kilomita 32 ke edem usoputịn inua-inua. Na 550 AD, Glasgow guzobere bishọp ma bụrụ nke eze Scotland nyere iwu ka ọ bụrụ ahịa na narị afọ nke 12. Ọ ghọrọ obodo nke obodo na 1450. Mgbe njikọta nke Scotland na England na 1603, ọ kwalitere mmepe akụ na ụba wee bụrụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri azụmahịa mba ọzọ dị mkpa. Mgbe mmalite nke mgbanwe nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, ọ malitere ngwa ngwa karịa.Ọtụtụ mmadụ rịrị elu site na 77,000 na 1801 ruo 762,000 na 1901, na-agbago nke abụọ na mba ahụ wee bụrụ otu n'ime ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa.

Mgbe Agha Warwa nke Abụọ gasịrị, e guzobere ụlọ ọrụ dịka elekrọnik, radar, na mmezi mmanụ. Kemgbe mmalite nke narị afọ nke 20, mmepe akụ na ụba dịtụ nwayọ ma ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị mmadụ amụbabeghị, mana ụlọ ọrụ na azụmahịa ka nọ n'ọnọdụ dị mkpa na China. Industriallọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe bụ isi gụnyere ụgbọ mmiri, ịmepụta igwe, akụrụngwa eletriki, akụrụngwa nkenke, wdg. Glasgow bụ otu n’ime ọdụ ụgbọ njem kacha mkpa na UK. Ọ bụkwa ebe ọdịbendị bụ isi nke Scotland. E hiwere Mahadum Glasgow a ma ama na 1451, ma enwere ọtụtụ ụlọ akwụkwọ dị elu dị ka Mahadum Strathclyde, Businesslọ Akwụkwọ Azụmaahịa Scottish, Royal Scottish Conservatory of Music, na Western Scotland Agricultural College. Gallọ Osimiri Art na Museum na Kelvingrove Park nwere nchịkọta nke ọrụ nka ama ama na Europe kemgbe Renaissance. Huntlyn Museum nke dị na Mahadum Glasgow bụ ama ama maka mkpokọta mkpụrụ ego dị iche iche na akụ nka. N'etiti saịtị akụkọ ihe mere eme nke obodo ahụ, Katidral nke San Mongo, nke e wuru na narị afọ nke 12, bụ nke a ma ama. E nwere ihe karịrị hectare 2,000 nke ogige ntụrụndụ na oghere ndị na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ na obodo Hampden Park nwekwara ebe egwuregwu bọọlụ kachasị na UK, nke nwere ike ịnabata mmadụ 150,000.