I-Azerbaijan, igama eligcwele leRiphabhulikhi yase-Azerbaijan, lisengxenyeni esempumalanga yeTranscaucasus enhlanganweni ye-Asia neYurophu, ehlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-86,600. Unqamula uLwandle lweCaspian empumalanga, i-Iran neTurkey ngaseningizimu, iRussia ngasenyakatho, neGeorgia ne-Armenia entshonalanga. I-Autonomous Republic of Nakhichevan kanye neNagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Region, etholakala eCentral Arras Basin naphakathi kwe-Armenia ne-Iran, yizindawo ezise-Armenia. Ngaphezu kwe-50% yensimu yonke yase-Azerbaijan iyizintaba, kunezintaba zeGreater Caucasus enyakatho, Izintaba Ezincane zeCaucasus eningizimu, neKulinka Basin phakathi. Iningizimu-ntshonalanga yiCentral Araksin Basin, kanti inyakatho izungezwe izintaba zaseDalalapuyaz kanye nezintaba zaseZangezulski. Kunezintaba zeTares eningizimu mpumalanga. Imifula emikhulu yiKura ne-Aras. Isimo sezulu sihlukile.

Ngekhulu lesi-3 kuya kwele-10 AD, laliphethwe yi-Iran kanye ne-Arab Caliphate. Kwakunamazwe angama-feudal afana ne-Shirfan ngekhulu le-9-16. Isizwe sase-Azerbaijani sakhiwa ngokuyisisekelo ngekhulu le-11-13. Ngekhulu le-11 kuya kwele-14 leminyaka, lahlaselwa amaTurkey-Seljuks, amaMongol AmaTatar, namaTimurid. Kusukela ngekhulu le-16 kuya kwele-18, laliphethwe yiSafavid Dynasty yase-Iran. Ngo-1813 nango-1928, inyakatho ye-Azerbaijan yafakwa eRussia (esifundazweni saseBaku, esifundazweni i-Elizabeth Bol). Wamemezela ukusungulwa kwe-Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic ngo-Ephreli 28, 1920, wajoyina iTranscaucasian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic ngoMashi 12, 1922, wajoyina iSoviet Union njengelungu leFederation ngoDisemba 30 wangonyaka ofanayo, waba yilungu leSoviet Union ngoDisemba 5, 1936 Ilungu le-republic ngqo ngaphansi kweSoviet Union. Ngo-February 6, 1991, leli zwe laqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi iRepublic of Azerbaijan. Ngo-Agasti 30 ngawo lowo nyaka, iSupreme Soviet yase-Azerbaijan yamukela iSimemezelo Sokuzimela, yamemezela ngokusemthethweni inkululeko futhi yasungula iRiphabhulikhi yase-Azerbaijan.

Ifulegi likazwelonke: Ngunxande ovundlile onesilinganiso sobude nobubanzi buka-2: 1. Iqukethe onxande abathathu abavundlile abaxhunywe ngokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okubomvu nokuluhlaza kusuka phezulu kuye phansi. Kukhona inyanga ewucezu nenkanyezi enamaphoyinti ayisishiyagalombili phakathi kwengxenye ebomvu, nenyanga nezinkanyezi zombili kumhlophe. I-Azerbaijan yaba yiriphabhuliki yezwe elaliyiSoviet Union ngo-1936. Kamuva, ifulegi lesizwe lamukelwa ngefulegi elibomvu elinezinkanyezi ezinamachopho amahlanu, isikela nesando, kanti ingxenye engezansi yefulegi yayinomngcele obanzi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngo-Agasti 1990 kwamenyezelwa inkululeko, kwathi ngoFebhuwari 5, 1991, ifulegi lesizwe elamukelwa ngaphambi kuka-1936 labuyiselwa, okungukuthi, ifulegi le-tricolor elishiwo ngenhla.

Inani labantu base-Azerbaijan liyizigidi eziyi-8.436 (Januwari 1, 2006). Kukhona amaqembu ezinhlanga angama-43, angama-90.6% angama-Azerbaijani, ama-2.2% angamaRezgen, ama-1.8% angamaRussia, ama-1.5% angama-Armenia, kanti ama-1.0% angamaTalysh. Ulimi olusemthethweni isi-Azerbaijani, esingokomndeni wolimi lwesiTurkic. Izakhamuzi eziningi zikhuluma kahle isiRashiya. Ngokuyinhloko bakholelwa ku-Islam.

I-Azerbaijan iphethwe imboni esindayo, kanti imboni elula ayithuthuki kahle. Imithombo yemvelo egcwele kakhulu uwoyela negesi yemvelo. Imboni yokucubungula i-petroleum ngumkhakha omkhulu wezimboni kuleli. Eyesibili kuphela emva kweRussia nendawo yesibili kumaRiphabhuliki ezwe elaliyiSoviet Union. Ezinye izimboni zifaka phakathi ama-petrochemicals, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, ukusansimbi okungeyona eyensimbi, imboni elula kanye nemboni yokucubungula ukudla. Imboni yokukhiqiza imishini ikhiqiza kakhulu imishini yokukhipha uwoyela negesi. Ezolimo ziphethwe izitshalo zemali, futhi ukotini ubaluleke kakhulu; ugwayi, imifino, okusanhlamvu, itiye namagilebhisi nakho kubalwa ngesilinganiso esithile. Ukufuywa kwezilwane kubuswa yinyama noboya nenyama nobisi. Ukuhamba ikakhulu kuya ngesitimela. Itheku eliyinhloko lolwandle yiBaku.

I-Baku: IBaku iyinhloko-dolobha yase-Azerbaijan kanye nesikhungo sikazwelonke sezomnotho namasiko. Itheku elikhulu kunawo wonke oLwandle iCaspian. Itholakala eningizimu yesiqhingi i-Apsheronmi, iyisikhungo somkhakha kawoyela futhi yaziwa ngokuthi "idolobha lamafutha". Futhi idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union iTranscaucasus. IBaku yakhiwa izifunda eziyishumi zokuphatha namadolobha angama-46, ahlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-2 200. Inani labantu liyi-1.8288 million. Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile ngoJanuwari lingu-4 ℃, kanti izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile ngoJulayi lingu-27.3 ℃.

Ngekhulu le-18, iBaku yayiyinhloko-dolobha yeBaku Khanate. Ukukhiqizwa kukawoyela kwezimboni kwaqala ngawo-1870s. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, kwaba isikhungo sezimboni saseTranscaucasian nesisekelo sikawoyela, esinezikhungo ezinkulu zokuhluza uwoyela ezingama-22, kanti ezinye izimboni eziningi zaziphathelene nowoyela. Ngo-Agasti 1991, yaba inhlokodolobha yase-Azerbaijan ngemuva kwenkululeko.

IBaku yidolobha lasendulo elinomlando omude.Kunezindawo eziningi ezithakaselwayo kuleli dolobha, njengeSenak-Karl Mosque Tower eyakhiwe ngekhulu le-11, iKiz-Karas Tower ngekhulu le-12, nekhulu le-13 iBaku I-Ilov Stone Fort, iShirvan Palace ngekhulu le-15 neKing Khan Palace ngekhulu le-17 zigcinwe kahle. Ngo-2000, i-UNESCO yabala i-Walled City of Baku kanye nesigodlo seKing Shirvan neMaiden Tower njengefa lezamasiko futhi layifaka "ohlwini lwamagugu omhlaba."