Turkmenistan Bayani na Asali
| Lokaci na gida | Lokacinku |
|---|---|
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| Yankin lokaci na gari | Bambancin yankin lokaci |
| UTC/GMT +5 awa |
| latitude / longitude |
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| 38°58'6"N / 59°33'46"E |
| iso tsara |
| TM / TKM |
| kudin |
| Manat (TMT) |
| Harshe |
| Turkmen (official) 72% Russian 12% Uzbek 9% other 7% |
| wutar lantarki |
 Rubuta b US 3-pin F-type Shuko toshe |
| tutar ƙasa |
|---|
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| babban birni |
| Ashgabat |
| jerin bankuna |
| Turkmenistan jerin bankuna |
| yawan jama'a |
| 4,940,916 |
| yanki |
| 488,100 KM2 |
| GDP (USD) |
| 40,560,000,000 |
| waya |
| 575,000 |
| Wayar salula |
| 3,953,000 |
| Adadin masu masaukin yanar gizo |
| 714 |
| Adadin masu amfani da Intanet |
| 80,400 |
Turkmenistan gabatarwa
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Turkmenistan kasa ce da take mara iyaka a kudu maso yammacin Asiya ta tsakiya kuma tana da fadin kasa kilomita murabba'i 491,200. Tana iyaka da tekun Caspian ta yamma, Iran da Afghanistan daga kudu da kudu maso gabas, sannan Kazakhstan da Uzbekistan daga arewa da arewa maso gabas. Mafi yawan yankin yana da ƙasa, filayen sun fi ƙasa da mita 200 sama da matakin teku, 80% na yankin yana ƙarƙashin Hamada Karakum, kuma tsaunukan Kopet da na Palotmiz suna kudu da yamma. Tana da yanayi mai karfi na nahiya kuma yana daya daga cikin yankuna da suka bushe a duniya. Turkmenistan tana da fadin kasa kilomita murabba'i 491,200 kuma kasa ce da ba ta da iyaka da ke kudu maso yammacin Asiya ta tsakiya. Tana iyaka da tekun Caspian ta yamma, Kazakhstan a arewa, Uzbekistan zuwa arewa maso gabas, Afghanistan ta gabas, da Iran daga kudu. Mafi yawan yankuna gaba ɗaya ƙasa ne, filayen sun fi ƙasa da mita 200 sama da matakin teku, kuma 80% na yankin yana ƙarƙashin Hamada Karakum. Daga kudu da yamma akwai tsaunukan Kopet da tsaunukan Palotmiz. Manyan kogunan sune Amu Darya, Tejan, Murghab da Atrek, waɗanda galibi aka rarraba su a gabas. Babbar Canal ta Karakum wacce ta ratsa kudu maso gabas tana da tsawon kilomita 1,450 kuma tana da yanki mai ban ruwa kusan hekta 300,000. Tana da yanayi mai karfi na nahiya kuma yana daya daga cikin yankuna da suka bushe a duniya. Ban da babban birnin Ashgabat, an kasa ƙasar zuwa jihohi 5, birane 16, da gundumomi 46. Jihohin biyar sune: Akhal, Balkan, Lebap, Mare da Dasagoz. A cikin tarihi, Farisawa, Makedoniya, Turkawa, Larabawa, da Tangar Mongol ne suka ci ta da yaƙi. Daga karni na 9 zuwa na 10 AD, Sarakunan Taheri ne da Saman suke mulkanta. Daga ƙarni na 11 zuwa na 15, Mongol Tatar ne ke mulkan ta. Asalin al’ummar Turkmen an kirkireshi ne a cikin karni na 15. Arnoni na 16-17 sun kasance daga Khanate na Khiva da Khanate na Bukhara. Daga ƙarshen 1860s zuwa tsakiyar 1980s, ɓangaren yankin ya haɗu zuwa Rasha. Mutanen Turkmen sun halarci Juyin Juya Hali na Fabrairu da Oktoba na gurguzu na 1917. An kafa ikon Soviet a cikin Disamba 1917, kuma an haɗa ƙasarta a cikin Jamhuriyyar Soviet Socialist Republic, Khorazmo da Bukhara Soviet Republic Republic. Bayan iyakance yankin gudanar da kabilanci, an kafa Jamhuriya ta gurguzu ta Soviet a ranar 27 ga Oktoba, 1924 kuma ta shiga Tarayyar Soviet. A ranar 23 ga Agusta, 1990, Soviet Soviet ta Turkmenistan ta zartar da Sanarwar Masarautar Jiha, ta ayyana ’yanci a ranar 27 ga Oktoba, 1991, ta sauya sunanta zuwa Turkmenistan, kuma ta shiga Tarayyar a ranar 21 ga Disamba na wannan shekarar. Tutar kasa: Yana da murabba'i mai dari a kwance tare da rabo tsawon zuwa nisa kimanin 5: 3. Theasar tuta ƙasa ce mai duhu mai duhu. A gefen sandar tutar, akwai wata faɗi mai faɗi a tsaye wanda ke wucewa ta saman tutar. An tsara fastoci guda biyar daga sama zuwa ƙasa a cikin faɗin faɗin. Akwai jinjirin wata da taurari masu kusurwa biyar-biyar a tsakiyar sama daga tutar.Watan da taurari duk fari ne. Green shine launi na gargajiya wanda mutanen Turkmen suke so; jinjirin wata yana nuna kyakkyawar makoma; taurari biyar suna alamta ayyukan gabobi guda biyar na mutane; gani, ji, ƙamshi, ɗanɗano, da taɓawa; tauraruwa masu kaifi biyar suna nuna yanayin al'amarin duniya: ƙaƙƙarfa Liquid, gas, lu'ulu'u da plasma; kwalliyar kwalliyar tana nuna ra'ayoyin gargajiya da imanin addinan mutanen Turkmen. Turkmenistan ta zama daya daga cikin jamhuriyoyin tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet a watan Oktoba na 1924. Tutar kasar da aka karba daga 1953 ita ce ta kara launuka bula biyu a tutar tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet. A watan Oktoba 1991, aka ayyana 'yanci kuma aka amince da tutar ƙasar ta yanzu. Turkmenistan tana da yawan jama'a kusan miliyan 7 (Maris 2006). Akwai kabilu sama da 100, daga cikinsu 77% na Turkmen ne, 9.2% na Uzbek, 6.7% na Russia, 2% na Kazakhs, 0.8% na Armenia, ban da Azerbaijani da Tatar. Janar Rasha. Harshen hukuma shine Turkmen, wanda yake na reshen kudu na dangin harshen Altaic. Kafin 1927, an rubuta yaren Turkmen a cikin haruffan Larabci, daga baya kuma a cikin haruffan Latin, da Cyrillic tun daga 1940. Yawancin mazaunan sun yi imani da Islama (Sunni), kuma Russia da Armenia sun yi imani da Orthodox. Man fetur da iskar gas sune ginshiƙan masana'antu na tattalin arzikin ƙasar Turkmenistan, kuma noma yafi noma auduga da alkama. Albarkatun kasa suna da wadata, galibi sun hada da mai, gas, mirabilite, iodine, baƙin ƙarfe da baƙin ƙarfe. Yawancin ƙasar ƙasar hamada ce, amma akwai wadataccen mai da iskar gas a ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Tabbatar da aka samu na gas na gas ya kai mita tiriliyan 22.8, wanda ya kai kusan kwata na jimillar adadin duk duniya, kuma mai ya kai tan biliyan 12. Yawan mai ya karu daga tan miliyan 3 a kowace shekara kafin samun 'yanci zuwa tan miliyan 10 a yanzu.Hakan da ake fitarwa na gas a shekara ya kai mita biliyan 60, kuma yawan fitarwa ya kai mita biliyan biliyan 45 zuwa 50. Abinci kamar nama, madara, da mai suma sun wadatar da kansu. Turkmenistan ta kuma gina wasu sabbin cibiyoyin samar da wutar lantarki ta zafin jiki, kuma ‘yan kasar na amfani da wutar lantarki kyauta. GDP a shekara ta 2004 ya kai dala biliyan 19 na Amurka, ya karu da 21.4% bisa na shekarar da ta gabata, kuma GDP na kowane mutum ya kusan dalar Amurka 3,000. Ashgabat: Ashgabat ita ce babban birnin kasar Turkmenistan (Ashgabat), cibiyar siyasa, tattalin arziki da al'adu ta kasa, kuma daya daga cikin manyan biranen yankin Asiya ta Tsakiya. Tana cikin tsakiya da kudancin Turkmenistan kuma a gefen kudu na Hamada Karakum, birni ne mai ƙarancin saurayi amma mai aiki sosai a Asiya ta Tsakiya. Tsawon ya kai mita 215 kuma yankin ya fi kilomita murabba'i 300. Yawan mutanen 680,000 ne. Tana da yanayin yanayi mai sanyi na nahiyar, tare da matsakaita zafin jiki na 4.4 ℃ a cikin Janairu da 27.7 ℃ a watan Yuli. Matsakaicin ruwan sama na wata-wata 5 ne kawai. Ashgabad asalinsa birni ne na reshen Jumini na reshen Turkmen, ma'ana "Birnin ofauna". A cikin 1881, Tsarist Russia ta kafa Gundumar Naval na Houli kuma suka kafa cibiyar gudanarwa a nan. A jajibirin yakin duniya na 1, garin ya zama cibiyar kasuwanci tsakanin Tsarist Russia da Iran. A cikin 1925 ya zama babban birnin Jamhuriyar gurguzu ta Soviet ta Soviet. Bayan ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na II, gwamnatin Soviet ta yi manyan gine-gine bayan yaƙi a Ashgabat.Kodaya, a cikin Oktoba 1948, an sami girgizar ƙasa mai girma daga 9 zuwa 10 a ma'aunin Richter, wanda kusan ya lalata garin baki ɗaya, kusan 180,000. Mutane sun mutu. An sake gina shi a cikin 1958, kuma bayan fiye da shekaru 50 na gini da ci gaba, Ashgabat ya sake haɓaka. A ranar 27 ga Disamba, 1991, Turkmenistan ta ayyana itsancin ta kuma Ashgabat ta zama babban birnin Turkmenistan. Bayan da Turkmenistan ta ayyana 'yancinta a watan Oktoban 1991, gwamnati ta yanke shawarar gina babban birnin zuwa wani birni mai farin fari, birni mai ruwa da kuma babban birnin kore a duniya. Ashgabat na ɗaya daga cikin biranen da ke da saurin haɓaka a duniya.Duk sabbin gine-ginen an tsara su ne daga Frenchan tarihin Faransa kuma Turkawa ne suka gina su. Fuskar ginin an lulluɓe da dukkan farin farin dutse daga Iran, yana mai da duk garin ya zama fari da haske. Ana iya ganin lambuna, ciyawa, da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa a ko'ina a cikin birni, kuma shahararren wurin al'adun gargajiyar da hutawa na kusa da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na ƙasa cike yake da ciyayi da ƙanshin furanni. Bayan wargajewar Tarayyar Soviet, manya-manyan gine-ginen da aka gina a cikin gari suna ko'ina.Fadar shugaban kasa tana da kyau, kofar tsaka tsaki, rukunin tunawa da girgizar kasa, gidan tarihin kasar da gidan marayu na musamman ne. |