Netherlands, cikakken sunan Masarautar Netherlands, tana da yanki mai fadin kilomita murabba'i 41528. Tana a yamma da Turai, makwabtaka da Jamus ta gabas da kuma Belgium a kudu. Tana iyaka da Tekun Arewa zuwa yamma da arewa kuma tana cikin yankin rafin Rhine, Maas da Skelt, tare da gabar teku mai kilomita 1,075. Kogunan da ke cikin yankin sun tsallake, galibi sun hada da Rhine da Maas. Akwai IJsselmeer a gabar arewa maso yamma. Yankin yamma yamma ne, gabas ta yi wawo, kuma tsakiya da kudu maso gabas tuddai ne. "Netherlands" ana kiranta Netherlands a cikin Jamusanci, wanda ke nufin "ƙasar ƙasa mara ƙasa" .An yi mata suna ne saboda fiye da rabin ƙasarta tana ƙasa ko kusan a matakin teku. Sauyin yanayi na Netherlands yanayi ne mai yanayin yanayi mai zurfin teku.

An kasa kasar zuwa larduna 12 tare da kananan hukumomi 489 (2003). Sunayen lardunan sune kamar haka: Groningen, Friesland, Drenthe, Overijssel, Gelderland, Utrecht, North Holland, South Holland, Zealand, North Brabant, Limburg, Frey Fran.

Tutar ƙasa: Yana da murabba'i mai kusurwa huɗu da faɗi 3: 2. Daga sama zuwa ,asa, an ƙirƙira shi ta hanyar haɗa madaidaitan kusurwa uku masu ja, fari da shuɗi. Shudi yana nuna cewa ƙasar tana fuskantar teku kuma tana nuna farin cikin mutane; fari yana nuna 'yanci, daidaito, da dimokiradiyya, kuma yana wakiltar halin mutane mai sauƙi; ja tana wakiltar nasarar juyin juya halin.

Netherlands tana da yawan jama'a miliyan 16.357 (Yuni 2007). Fiye da 90% 'yan Dutch ne, ban da Fris. Yaren hukuma shine Dutch, kuma ana magana da Frisian a Friesland. 31% na mazauna sun yi imani da Katolika kuma 21% sun yi imani da Kiristanci.

Anecdote-Don tsira da ci gaba, Yaren mutanen Holland sun yi iya ƙoƙarinsu don kare asalin ƙaramar ƙasar da kuma guje wa “topping out” lokacin da teku ta tashi sama. Sun yi ta gwagwarmaya tare da teku na dogon lokaci, suna kwato ƙasar daga tekun. Tun farkon karni na 13, an gina madatsun ruwa don toshe teku, sannan kuma ruwan da ke cikin cofferdam ya kasance mai iska ta iska. A cikin fewan karnonin da suka gabata, Holan sun gina shingayen kilomita 1,800 na teku, inda suka ƙara sama da hekta 600,000. A yau, 20% na ƙasar Dutch an sake dawo da ita ta hanyar ruwa ta hanyar teku. Kalmomin "Juriya" da aka zana a kan Alamar ofasa ta Netherlands da kyau suna nuna halayen ƙasashen mutanen Holan.

Amsterdam : Amsterdam, babban birnin Masarautar Netherlands (Amsterdam) tana gefen kudu maso yamma na IJsselmeer, tare da yawan mutane 735,000 (2003). Amsterdam birni ne mai ban mamaki. Akwai manyan hanyoyin ruwa manya da kanana sama da 160 a cikin garin, wanda ke haɗe da gadoji sama da 1,000. Yawo cikin gari, gadoji masu ƙetare ruwa da koguna masu keta gari. Daga ganin idanun tsuntsaye, raƙuman ruwan kamar satin ne da na gizo. Yankin garin yana da zurfin mita 1-5 a ƙasa da matakin teku kuma ana kiransa "Venice na Arewa".

"Dan" na nufin dam a Yaren mutanen Holland. Dam ne wanda Dutch ta gina wanda a hankali ya bunkasa ƙauyen kamun kifi shekaru 700 da suka gabata zuwa cikin babban birni na duniya wanda yake a yau. A ƙarshen karni na 16, Amsterdam ya zama muhimmiyar tashar tashar jirgin ruwa da garin ciniki, kuma sau ɗaya ya zama cibiyar hada-hadar kuɗi, kasuwanci da al'adu ta duniya a ƙarni na 17. A cikin 1806, Netherlands ta ƙaura da babban birninta zuwa Amsterdam, amma dangin masarauta, majalisar dokoki, ofishin firaminista, ma'aikatun tsakiya da kuma ofisoshin diflomasiyya sun kasance a Hague.

Amsterdam shine birni mafi girma a masana’antu kuma cibiyar tattalin arziki a cikin Netherlands, tare da sama da kamfanonin masana’antu 7,700, kuma samar da lu’ulu’u na masana’antu ya kai kashi 80% na duk duniya. Bugu da kari, Amsterdam na da dadaddiyar musayar hajoji a duniya.

Amsterdam kuma sanannen birni ne na al'adun Turai da fasaha. Akwai gidajen tarihi guda 40 a cikin garin. Gidan Tarihi na hasasa yana da tarin ayyukan fasaha sama da miliyan 1, gami da ƙwararrun masanan kamar Rembrandt, Hals da Vermeer, waɗanda sanannun duniya ne. Gidan Tarihi na Gargajiya na Zamani da Gidan adana kayan tarihi na Van Gogh sun shahara ne saboda tarin fasahar Dutch na ƙarni na 17. "Filin Alkama na Crow" da "Mai Cin Dankali" sun kammala kwanaki biyu kafin a nuna Van Gogh a nan.

Rotterdam : Rotterdam tana kan tsaunuka ne da hadaddiyar kogunan Rhine da Maas suka gina a gabar kudu maso yamma na ƙasar Netherlands, kilomita 18 daga Tekun Arewa. Asalinta ƙasa ce da aka kwato a bakin Kogin Rotter. An kafa shi a ƙarshen karni na 13, ya kasance ƙaramar tashar jirgin ruwa da cibiyar kasuwanci. Ya fara haɓaka cikin tashar kasuwanci ta biyu mafi girma a cikin Netherlands a cikin 1600. A cikin 1870, hanyar ruwa da take kaiwa kai tsaye zuwa Tekun Arewa daga tashar jirgin an gyara ta kuma bunkasa cikin sauri kuma ta zama tashar ruwa ta duniya.

Tun a shekarun 1960, Rotterdam ita ce tashar tashar jirgin ruwa mafi girma a duniya, tare da mafi girman kayan tarihi na tan miliyan 300 (1973). Ita ce ƙofar zuwa Rhine Valley. Yanzu shine birni na biyu mafi girma a cikin Netherlands, cibiyar jigilar ruwa, ƙasa da iska, kuma muhimmiyar cibiyar kasuwanci da kuɗi. Rotterdam yanzu ita ce tashar jirgin ruwa mafi girma a duniya tare da kayan da aka fi jigilar kayayyaki, da kuma cibiyar rarraba kayayyaki a Yammacin Turai, kuma tashar jirgin ruwa mafi girma a Turai. Manyan masana'antun sune tsaftacewa, ginin jirgi, man petrochemicals, karafa, abinci da ƙera injuna. Rotterdam yana da jami'o'i, cibiyoyin bincike da gidajen tarihi.