Izwe lonke lihlukaniswe nge-1 republic republic (i-Autonomous Republic of Karakalpakstan), umasipala o-1 (iTashkent) ne-12 uthi: Andijan, Bukhara, Jizak, Kashka UDaria, uNavoi, uNamangan, uSamarkand, uSurhan, uSyr Darya, uTashkent, uFergana noKharzmo.

Isizwe sama-Uzbek esakhiwa ngekhulu le-11th-12th AD. Ikhulu le-13 kuya kwele-15 leminyaka laliphethwe ubukhosi baseMongol Tatar Timur. Ngekhulu le-15, umbuso wase-Uzbek ngaphansi komyalo weNkosi uShybani wasungulwa. Ngawo-1860s kanye nama-70s, ingxenye yendawo yase-Uzbekistan yahlanganiswa neRussia. Umbuso waseSoviet wasungulwa ngoNovemba 1917, kwathi i-Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic yasungulwa ngo-Okthoba 27, 1924 futhi yajoyina iSoviet Union. Ukuzimela kwamenyezelwa ngo-Agasti 31, 1991, futhi izwe laqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi iRiphabhulikhi yase-Uzbekistan.

Ifulegi likazwelonke: Ngunxande ovundlile onesilinganiso sobude nobubanzi buka-2: 1. Kusuka phezulu kuye ezansi, kunamabhendi amathathu abanzi ahambisanayo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, omhlophe, nokukhanyayo okuluhlaza, futhi kunemivimbo emibili ezacile ebomvu phakathi kwamabhande abanzi amhlophe nokukhanya okwesibhakabhaka nokukhanya okuluhlaza okukhanyayo. Ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwebhendi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kunenyanga emhlophe ecrescent nezinkanyezi eziyi-12 ezimhlophe ezikhombe ezinhlanu. I-Uzbekistan yaba yi-republic yezwe elaliyiSoviet Union ngo-1924. Kusukela ngo-1952, ifulegi lesizwe elamukelwa liyafana nelaseSoviet Union yangaphambili, ngaphandle kokuthi kunomugqa oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka obanzi phakathi kwefulegi nomugqa omncane omhlophe phezulu nangaphansi. Umthetho Kazwelonke Wokuzimela Wase-Uzbekistan waphasiswa ngo-Agasti 31, 1991, futhi ifulegi lesizwe elishiwo ngenhla lasetshenziswa ngo-Okthoba 11.

I-Uzbekistan yizwe elinabantu abaningi e-Asia Ephakathi. Inabantu abayizigidi ezingama-26.1 (Disemba 2004). Kubalwa amaqembu ezinhlanga eziyi-134, ama-Uzbeks abe ngu-78.8%, amaRussia wona abe ngu-4.4%, amaTajik wona abe ngu-4.9%, amaKazakh abe ngu-3.9%, amaTatar wona angu-1.1%, abakwaKarakalpak bona bangu-2.2%, abakwaKyrgyz bona bebe ngu-1%, Uhlanga lwaseKorea lwalune-0.7%. Amanye amaqembu ezinhlanga afaka phakathi ama-Ukraine, amaTurkmen namaBelarusian. Izakhamizi eziningi zikholelwa enkolweni yamaSulumane futhi zingamaSunni. Ulimi olusemthethweni isi-Uzbek (umndeni wolimi lwesiTurkic womndeni wama-Altaic), kanti isiRashiya yilona lingua franca. Inkolo eyinhloko yi-Islam, eyiSunni, kanti eyesibili yi-Eastern Orthodox.

I-Uzbekistan icebile ngemithombo yemvelo, kanti izimboni eziyinsika yomnotho wezwe "ngamagolide amane": igolide, "iplatinamu" (ukotini), "i-wujin" (uwoyela), kanye "negolide elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka" (igesi yemvelo). Kodwa-ke, isakhiwo sezomnotho asishadile futhi imboni yokucubungula ibuyela emuva. Izinqolobane zegolide zase-Uzbekistan zikleliswe endaweni yesine emhlabeni, zinemithombo eminingi yamanzi nezinga lokutholakala kwehlathi elingu-12%. Imishini yokukhiqiza, izinsimbi ezingenayo i-ayoni, izinsimbi ezakhiwe ngensimbi, izimboni zendwangu nosilika zithuthukiswa ngokuqhathaniswa.

Indawo enesimo sezulu ifanele intuthuko enkulu yezomnotho wezolimo.Isici sezolimo yingqalasizinda egciniwe yokonga amanzi yezolimo eniselwa. Imboni enkulu yezolimo ukutshala ukotini, futhi ukulima amasimu, ukufuya izilwane, nokutshala imifino nezithelo nakho kuthatha isikhundla esibalulekile. Ukukhishwa kukakotini minyaka yonke kubanga izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zomkhiqizo kakotini wezwe elaliyiSoviet Union, usezingeni lesine emhlabeni, futhi waziwa ngokuthi yi "Platinum Country". Imboni yokufuya izilwane ithuthukiswe kancane, ikakhulukazi ukufuya izimvu, kanti imboni ye-sericulture nayo ithuthukiswa ngokuqhathaniswa. I-Uzbekistan yisifunda esidluliswe yi "Silk Road" yasendulo. Kunezindawo ezingaphezu kwamakhulu amane ezinkulungwane zemvelo namasiko ezweni lonke, ikakhulukazi emadolobheni anjenge Tashkent, Samarkand, Bukhara nase Khiva.

ITashkent: ITashkent, inhlokodolobha yase-Uzbekistan, idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke e-Asia Ephakathi kanye nesikhungo esibalulekile kwezomnotho nakwezamasiko. Itholakala empumalanga ye-Uzbekistan, entshonalanga yezintaba zaseChatkal, enkabeni ye-oasis yesigodi iChirchik, umfudlana woMfula iSyr, endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-440-480. Inani labantu liyi-2 135,700 (Disemba 2004), ama-80% awo angamaRussia nama-Uzbeks.Amancane afaka iTatar, amaJuda kanye ne-Ukraine. Leli dolobha lasendulo laliyisikhungo esibalulekile kanye nehabhu lezokuthutha lezokuhweba lasempumalanga nentshonalanga ezikhathini zasendulo. Umgwaqo odumile wase "Silk Road" udlule lapha. E-China yasendulo, uZhang Qian, uFa Xian noXuanzang bonke bashiye imikhondo yabo.

I-Tashkent isho ukuthi "i-Stone City" ngesi-Uzbek. Iqanjwe ngegama layo elisezindaweni zabalandeli bezintaba futhi inamatshe amatshe amakhulu. Leli idolobha lasendulo elinomlando omude.Ledolobha lakhiwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesibili leminyaka BC.Lalidume ngokuhweba nangezandla zalo ngekhulu lesithupha, futhi kwaba ukuphela kwendawo eyayidlula ngoSilika Road wakudala. Kuqale ukubonwa kumarekhodi omlando ngekhulu le-11 AD. Waba idolobha elibiyelwe ngezindonga ngo-1865, elinabantu abangaba ngu-70 000 ngaleso sikhathi.Laliyisikhungo esiyinhloko sezohwebo neRussia futhi kamuva lahlanganiswa noMbuso WaseRussia. Ngo-1867 yaba yisikhungo sokuphatha se-Autonomous Republic of Turkestan. Yaba yinhloko-dolobha yeRiphabhulikhi yase-Uzbekistan (elinye lama-republic aseSoviet Union) kusukela ngo-1930, futhi yaba inhloko-dolobha yeRiphabhulikhi ezimele yase-Uzbekistan ngo-Agasti 31, 1991.