Aia ka Repubalika ʻo Bosnia a me Herzegovina ma ka ʻaoʻao waena o Yugoslavia ma mua, ma waena o Croatia a me Serbia. Uhi ia i kahi o 51129 kilomika kilomika. He mauna nui ka ʻāina, me nā mauna ʻo Denara ma ke komohana. ʻO ka muliwai ʻo Sava (kahi kahawai ʻo Danube) ka palena ma waena o ka ʻākau o Bosnia a me Herzegovina a me Croatia. I ka hema, aia kahi muʻu 20-kilomita ma ke kai Adriatic. ʻO ke kahakai aia ma kahi o 25 mau mile ka lōʻihi. Ua hoʻomalu ʻia ka ʻāina e nā mauna, me ka awelika kiʻekiʻe o 693 mau mika. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā Dinar Alps e holo ana ma waena o ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa mai ke komohana ʻākau a i ka hikina hema. ʻO ka piko kiʻekiʻe loa ka mauna ʻo Magrich me kahi kiʻekiʻe o 2386 mau mika. Aia nā kahawai he nui i ka panalāʻau, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo ka muliwai Neretva, ka muliwai Bosna, ka muliwai Drina, ka muliwai Una a me ka muliwai ʻo Varbas. He akahai ʻāinapuniʻole ko ka ʻākau, a ʻo ke kūkulu hema ko ke Kaiwaenahonua. ʻO Bosnia lāua ʻo Herzegovina, ka inoa piha o Bosnia a me Herzegovina, aia ma ke kikowaena o ka mua ʻo Yugoslavia, ma waena o Croatia a me Serbia. ʻO 51129 kilomika kilomika ka ʻāpana. ʻO ka heluna kanaka o 4.01 miliona (2004), nona ka helu o ka Federation of Bosnia a me Herzegovina no 62.5%, a ʻo ka Serbia Republic no 37.5%. ʻO nā hui lāhui nui: ʻo Bosniaks (ʻo ia ka hui lāhui Muslim i ka wā ma mua o ka wā hema), e helu ana ma kahi o 43.5% o ka huina heluna kanaka; ka lāhui Serbia, e helu ana ma kahi o 31.2% o ka huina heluna kanaka; ʻO ka lāhui Croatia, e helu ana ma kahi o 17. 4%. ʻO nā hui lāhui ʻekolu e manaʻoʻiʻo i ka Hoʻomana Mohameka, ka Orthodox Church a me ka Katolika. ʻO nā ʻōlelo kūhelu he Bosnian, Serbian a me Croatia. He waiwai ʻo Bosnia a me Herzegovina i nā kumuwaiwai, ʻo ka nui o ka hao, lignite, bauxite, kēpau-zinc, asbestos, paʻakai pōhaku, barite, etc. Nui ka waiwai o ka Waterpower a me ka nahele, a he 46.6% o nā wahi o Bosnia a me Herzegovina e pili ana i ka ululāʻau. Ma ka hopena o ke kenekulia 6 a me ka hoʻomaka o ke kenekulia 7, neʻe kekahi mau Slav i ka hema i nā Balkans a noho ma Bosnia a me Herzegovina. I ka hopena o ke kenekulia 12, ua hoʻokumu nā Slav i kahi Principality kūʻokoʻa o Bosnia. I ka hopena o ke kenekulia 14, ʻo Bosnia ka ʻāina mana loa ma ka hema o Slavs. Ua lilo ia i mea Tureke ma hope o 1463 a ua noho ʻia e ka Austro-Hungarian Empire ma 1908. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke Kaua Honua Mua ma 1918, ua hoʻokumu ka poʻe Slavic hema i ke Aupuni Serb-Croatia-Slovenian, ka mea i kapa hou ʻia ke aupuni ʻo Yugoslavia i ka makahiki 1929. ʻO Bosnia a me Herzegovina kekahi o nā ʻāpana a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i kekahi mau panalāʻau hoʻomalu. I ka makahiki 1945, ua lanakila ka poʻe o nā lāhui āpau ma Yugoslavia i ke kaua anti-fascist a hoʻokumu i ka Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (kapa ʻia ka Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia i 1963), a ua lilo ʻo Bosnia a me Herzegovina i repubalika o ka Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. I Malaki Malaki, ua mālama ʻo Bosnia a me Herzegovina i ke kūʻokoʻa a he kūʻokoʻa paha ka ʻāina. Ua ʻae ʻo Bosnia a me Herzegovina i ke kūʻokoʻa, a ua kūʻē aku nā Serbs i ka balota. Ma hope o kēlā, ua hoʻouka kaua he ʻekolu a me ka hapa makahiki ma waena o ka Bosnia a me Herzegovina. Ma Mei 22, 1992, ua hui ʻo Bosnia lāua ʻo Herzegovina i ka United Nations. Ma Nowemapa 21, 1995, ma lalo o ke kōkua o ka United States, Pelekikena Milosevic o ka Repubalika o Serbia o Yugoslavia, Pelekikena Tudjman o ka Repubalika o Croatia a me Pelekikena Izetbegovic o ka Repubalika o Bosnia a me Herzegovina i pūlima i ka ʻaelike Kuikahi Maluhia ʻo Dayton-Bosnia-Herzegovina. Pau ke kaua ma Bosnia a me Herzegovina. <ʻO Sarajevo: ʻo Sarajevo, ke kapikala o Bosnia a me Herzegovina (Sarajevo), kahi kikowaena ʻoihana halihali a me nā alahao nui. Kaulana ia no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke Kaua Honua Honua (Ka Hanana ʻo Sarajevo). Aia ʻo Sarajevo ma kahi kokoke o ka muliwai ʻo Boyana, kahi kahawai o ka muliwai ʻo Sava. He kūlanakauhale kahiko ia e hoʻopuni ʻia e nā kuahiwi a me nā wahi nani. Uhi ia i kahi o 142 mau kilomika kilomika a he heluna kanaka ia 310,000 (2002). Ua hoʻololi ʻo Sarajevo i kona inoa i nā manawa he nui i ka mōʻaukala, a ʻo ka inoa o kēia manawa "Hale Aliʻi o ke kiaʻāina o ke Suletana" ma Tureke. Hōʻike kēia i ka mana nui o ka moʻomeheu Tureke i ke kūlanakauhale. I ka 395 AD, ma hope o ka hoʻokahuli ʻana iā Maximus, ua neʻe ʻo Emepela Theodosius I i ka palena ma waena o ke komohana Komohana a me ka hikina a hiki i kahi o Sarajevo ma mua o kona make ʻana. I kēlā manawa, he kūlanakauhale kaulana wale ʻo Sarajevo. I ka hopena o ke kenekulia 15, ua lanakila ka Turkish Ottoman Empire iā Serbia, ua noho ʻo Bosnia a me Herzegovina, a ua koi aku i nā kamaʻāina kūloko e hoʻohuli iā Islam, e hana ana i kekahi poʻe kamaʻāina Mahometa. I ka manawa like, ua mākaukau ka Austro-Hungarian Empire i nā Serbs a hoʻohana iā lākou e kiaʻi i nā palena no lākou iho, a mai ia manawa ua hoʻomaka kahi kaua i hala mau kenekulia. ʻO ka mōʻaukala, ma ke alahele ma ka ʻaoʻao waena o ka Yugoslavia ma mua (ʻoi aku ma o Bosnia a me Herzegovina), nā Katolika a me Orthodox, nā Kristiano a me Islam, nā Kelemania a me nā Slavs, ua hakakā ikaika nā Lūkini a me nā poʻe Komohana ma aneʻi. No laila ua lilo i kūlana koʻikoʻi ʻo Sarajevo. ʻO nā makahiki kaua i hoʻolilo i kēia kaona kaulana i kūlanakauhale kaulana, a lilo i kumu o ka hoʻokūkū ma waena o nā ʻaoʻao like ʻole, a lilo i kapikala o Bosnia a me Herzegovina. He kūlanakauhale kahiko ʻo Sarajevo me nā wahi nani, nā hiʻohiʻona kū hoʻokahi o ke kūlanakauhale a me nā kaila kuhikuhipuʻuone ʻokoʻa. Ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o kona mau lima i nā manawa he nui i ka mōʻaukala, lawe nā aliʻi ʻokoʻa i nā ʻano moʻomeheu āpau a me nā hoʻomana i ke kūlanakauhale, e hoʻolilo ana iā ia i ke kuʻina o ka moʻomeheu hoʻokele Hikina a me ke Komohana, a hoʻomohala lohi ʻia i kūlanakauhale i hoʻohui ʻia ma ka hikina a me ke komohana. . ʻO ke kūlanakauhale he 19 mau kenekulia Austrian-style tawny hale, nā pavilion me ke ʻano oriental a me nā papa hana lima lima ʻano Turkish.
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ʻAno c European 2-pin
Pākuʻi Shuko ʻano F